Jeshurun

Jeshurun

Jeshurun, in the Hebrew Bible, is a poetic name for Israel. Derived from root word meaning upright, just, straight. Describes Israel when it does not stray away from the standards set by and upheld by God. (R'Hirsch) Jeshurun appears four times in the Hebrew Biblethree times in Deuteronomy and once in Isaiah. It can mean the people of Israel (Deut. 32:15; 33:26), the Land of Israel (Deut. 33:5;), or the Patriarch Jacob (whom an Angel renamed Israel in Genesis 32:29) (Isa. 44:2). In the Midrash, Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to mean the Patriarch Israel. (Genesis Rabbah 77:1.)

The word Jeshurun may have a relationship to the same root as the Hebrew wordupright,” “yesharim.” Numbers appears to use the wordupright,” “yesharim,” as a play on the wordJeshurunto refer to the people of Israel. (Num. 23:10.) Similarly, Rabbi Berekiah in the name of Rabbi Judah b. Rabbi Simon interpreted Jeshurun to meanthe noblest and best among you.” (Genesis Rabbah 77:1.)

Rabbi Aha bar Jacob told that the breastplate of the High Priest (or Kohen Gadol) contained the wordsThe tribes of Jeshurun,” thus supplying the otherwise missing Hebrew letter tet in the wordtribes.” (Babylonian Talmud Yoma 73b; see also Exodus Rabbah 38:9.)

In the Zohar, Rabbi Hiya explains thatJeshurun suggests the word shur [row, side] and indicates that he [Jacob] has his rank on this side and on the other." (Zohar 1:177b.)


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