List of anthems by country

List of anthems by country

Most countries have anthems, defined as "a song, as of praise, devotion, or patriotism"; [cite web|accessdate=2008-06-26|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/anthem|title=anthem |publisher=Lexico Publishing Group|work=Reference.com ] most anthems are either marches or hymns in style. A hymn can become a country's national anthem by a provision in the country's constitution, by a law enacted by its legislature, or simply by tradition.cite encyclopedia|title=national anthem|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|year=2008] A royal anthem is a patriotic song similar to a national anthem, but it specifically praises or prays for a monarch or royal dynasty. Such anthems are usually performed at public appearances by the monarch or during other events of royal importance. Some countries also use the royal anthem as its national anthem, such as the anthem of Jordan. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/progs/cpsc-ccsp/sc-cs/godsave_e.cfm|title=Royal anthem "God Save The Queen" |publisher=Department of Canadian Heritage ]

The oldest national anthem is the Dutch national anthem "Het Wilhelmus", written some time between 1568 and 1572. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/english/content.jsp?objectid=13327|title=The Dutch Royal House|publisher=Dutch Royal House] Anthems became increasingly popular among Europe countries in the 18th century. [cite web|accessdate=2008-10-02|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93283699|title='Bird's Nest' Ballads: Olympic National Anthems |publisher=NPR|date=2008-08-07 ] For example, the British national anthem "God Save the Queen" was first performed under the title "God Save the King" in 1745. [cite journal|title=God Save the King|publisher="The Gentleman's Magazine"|date=October 1745|p=552|volume=15] The French anthem "La Marseillaise" was written half a century later in 1792, and adopted in 1795. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/marseill.html|title=La Marseillaise|publisher=Fordham University]

National anthems are usually written in the most common language of the country, whether "de facto" or official. For example, India's anthem "Jana Gana Mana" is written in a Sanskritized version of Bengali, both official languages of India. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1894028.cms|title=This town cherishes Tagore |publisher="The Times of India"|date=2006-08-15 ] Countries with more than one national language may offer several versions of their anthem. For instance, Switzerland's national anthem has different lyrics for each of the country's four official languages: French, German, Italian, and Romansh. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.ch.ch/schweiz/01063/01065/index.html?lang=en|title=Facts and figures |publisher=Government of Switzerland ] On the other hand, South Africa's national anthem is unique in that five of the eleven official languages are used in the same anthem, with each language comprising a stanza. [cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/jan/17/kosovo.serbia|title=There are great national anthems - now we need an international one |publisher="The Guardian"|date=2008-01-17|author=Ash, Timothy Garton ] The multilingual country of Spain has no official lyrics for its anthem "La Marcha Real". A national competition to write words for the anthem was launched in 2007;cite web|accessdate=2008-04-17|url=http://www.economist.com/world/europe/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9558331|title=Lost for words|publisher="The Economist"|date=2007-07-26] however, widespread public criticism forced the new lyrics to be withdrawn in January 2008. [cite web|accessdate=2008-05-01|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/01/16/europe/EU-GEN-Spain-Anthem-Controversy-Domingo.php|title=Controversy over lyrics stalls Placido Domingo's dream of singing Spanish anthem |publisher="International Herald Tribune"|date=2008-01-16 ]

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Anthems by country

Only United Nations member states are included in this list; they are arranged alphabetically. [cite web|accessdate=2008-10-08|url=http://www.un.org/members/list.shtml|title=List of Member States |publisher=United Nations ]

ee also

* List of anthems
* List of national anthems
* National flag
* Royal anthem

Notes

References

;General
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;Specific


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