Isabella Beeton

Photographic portrait of Mrs Beeton, c.1860-5.

Isabella Mary Beeton (née Mayson) (12 March 1836 – 6 February 1865), universally known as Mrs Beeton, was the English author of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management, and is one of the most famous cookery writers.^[1]

Background

title page of The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, September 1861

Isabella was born at 24 Milk Street, Cheapside, London, England. Her father, Benjamin Mayson, died when she was young and her mother, Elizabeth Jerram, later married Henry Dorling, who was a widower and had four children of his own. They lived in Epsom, Surrey where Henry was Clerk of Epsom Racecourse.^[2] Isabella was sent to school in Heidelberg, Germany, for two years where she became an accomplished pianist and afterwards returned to Epsom.

Her nephew was Ulster Unionist Party MP Sir Walter Smiles, her great-niece being Patricia Ford, Lady Fisher, also a UUP MP.

Marriage and career

Isabella's husband, Samuel Orchart Beeton, was also born in Milk Street. Even after the move to Epsom their two mothers had kept in touch.^[3] On a visit to London, Isabella was introduced to Samuel Beeton, who had become a publisher of books and popular magazines. They were married on 10 July 1856 at St Martin's Parish Church, Epsom. In August of that year they moved into their first home, a large Italianate property at 2 Chandos Villas on the Woodridings Estate in Hatch End.

Their first child, Samuel Orchart, was born in May 1857 but died of croup in August of that year. In September 1859, their second son, also named Samuel Orchart, was born.

During her time in Hatch End Isabella began to write articles on cooking and household management for her husband's publications. In 1859–1861, she wrote a monthly supplement to The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine. On December 25, 1861, the supplements were published as a single volume, The Book of Household Management, comprising information for the Mistress, Housekeeper, Cook, Kitchen-Maid, Butler, Footman, Coachman, Valet, Upper and Under House-Maids, Lady’s-Maid, Maid-of-all-Work, Laundry-Maid, Nurse and Nurse-Maid, Monthly Wet and Sick Nurses, etc. etc.—also Sanitary, Medical, & Legal Memoranda: with a History of the Origin, Properties, and Uses of all Things Connected with Home Life and Comfort.

In 1861, Samuel Beeton founded The Queen, the Ladies' Newspaper, a weekly magazine for ladies, but not fashion oriented at first. It focused on high society and detailed London social events. The articles covered occupations, literature, and other amusements suitable for proper ladies. In 1862, Beeton sold The Queen to William Cox.^[4]

The Beetons left Hatch End in the autumn of 1861.

In December of that year their son was taken ill with scarlet fever while on holiday in Brighton. He died on New Year's Eve. Mrs. Beeton gave birth to two other sons, Orchart (on New Year's Eve in 1863) and Mayson Moss (in January 1865). Orchart went on to lead a prosperous life in the army and Mayson initially followed in his father's footsteps as a publisher and later as a journalist.

Their home at Hatch End was destroyed by a German bomb during an air-raid in September 1940 and the site is now occupied by a parade of shops. However, they are still remembered in the name of a nearby road, Beeton Close.^[5]

Book of Household Management

Titlepage of Beeton's Book of Household Management

Popularly known as Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management, it was a guide to running a Victorian household, with advice on fashion, childcare, animal husbandry, poisons, the management of servants, science, religion, and industrialism. In this book Mrs Beeton also highlights the importance of both animal welfare and the use of local and seasonal produce, long before such concerns became mainstream.^{[6] [7]}

Of the 1,112 pages, over 900 contained recipes, such that another popular name for the volume is Mrs Beeton's Cookbook. Most of the recipes were illustrated with coloured engravings, and it was the first book to show recipes in a format that is still used today. It is said that many of the recipes were actually plagiarised from earlier writers (including Eliza Acton), but the Beetons never claimed that the book's contents were original. It was intended as a guide of reliable information for the aspirant middle classes. Mrs Beeton is perhaps described better as its compiler and editor than as its author, many of the passages clearly being not her own words.

Early death

Anna Madeley (right) in BBC TV's The Secret Life of Mrs Beeton (Radio Times, 14–20 October 2006)

The day after the birth of her fourth child, in January 1865, Isabella contracted puerperal fever. She died a week later, aged 28. Her widower lived for another twelve years and died of tuberculosis in June 1877 at the age of 46.

Both are buried at West Norwood Cemetery in south London under a simple headstone.

The Secret Life of Mrs Beeton (2006)

In 2006, BBC television broadcast a biographical drama, The Secret Life of Mrs Beeton,^[8] with Anna Madeley in the title role. This tended to emphasise Mrs Beeton's feminist credentials, as well as playing on the assumption that many viewers would have been unaware of her relative youth when she wrote her books and her early death.

The TV drama, directed by Jon Jones, implied (as put forth in Kathryn Hughes' biography) that Isabella Beeton suffered from syphilis contracted from her husband, and that this may possibly have led to her death and those of her two children, although there is no firm evidence for this speculation. A documentary for the BBC by Sophie Dahl transmitted on BBC2 on 29 September 2011 suggested that it was unlikely that Mrs. Beeton would have died of syphilis at the early age of 28, although it was probable that both her husband and she contracted the disease and that she had passed it on to their first two children who died in infancy.^[9][10]

Gallery

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  Fashion plate from The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, 1869

• 

  Gravestone of Mrs Beeton, West Norwood cemetery

Bibliography

• Susan Watkin: Know Your Onions or Mrs Beeton’s Hinterland, Lulu Press, 2006.
• Kathryn Hughes: The Short Life and Long Times of Mrs Beeton, 2005, ISBN 1-84115-374-5
• Margaret Beetham:A Magazine of Her Own?: Domesticity and Desire in the Woman’s Magazine, 1800-1914. London, 1996.
• Michael Hurd: Mrs Beeton’s Book, a Music-Hall Guide to Victorian Living, London, 1984.
• Sarah Freeman: Isabella and Sam: The Story of Mrs Beeton, London: Victor Gollancz, 1977.
• Elizabeth David: Isabella Beeton and Her Book, in: Wine and Food, Spring 1961.
• H. Montgomery Hyde: Mr. and Mrs. Beeton, London: George S. Harrap & Co, 1951.
• Nancy Spain: Mrs. Beeton and her husband by her grand niece, London: Collins, 1948. Later: Beeton Story (1956).

References

1. ^ "Isabella Beeton: "Wife and Fellow Worker"". Months of Edible Celebrations blog. March 12, 2009. http://monthsofediblecelebrations.blogspot.com/2009/03/isabella-beeton-wife-and-fellow-worker.html. Retrieved July 26, 2010. 
2. ^ Hughes K (2005). The Short Life and Long Times of Mrs Beeton. London: Harper Perennial. ISBN 1-84115-374-5. 
3. ^ History of Beeton family
4. ^ Thomas, Pauline Weston (October 15, 2007). "The Queen Magazine 1861". Antique Fashion & Costume Plates. Fashion-Era.com. http://www.fashion-era.com/fashion_plates_old/0010_1890s_1908_the_queen.htm. Retrieved July 26, 2010. 
5. ^ 51°36′28″N 0°22′3.7″W / 51.60778°N 0.367694°W / 51.60778; -0.367694 (Beeton Close)
6. ^ General Observations on the Common Hog
7. ^ Food in season in April 1861
8. ^ BBC4: The Secret Life of Mrs Beeton
9. ^ The Marvellous Mrs. Beeton (BBC2), 28 September 2011
10. ^ "The Marvellous Mrs Beeton, with Sophie Dahl". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0152d7l. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 

External links

• Online edition of Household Management
• Works by Mrs Beeton at Project Gutenberg
• Searchable online version of Beeton's Book of Household Management
• Online version of Beeton's Book of Household Management with original illustrations (various formats)
• Guardian article on "plagiarism"
• Unabridged audiobook at LibriVox

Persondata
Name	Beeton, Mrs
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	12 March 1836
Place of birth
Date of death	6 February 1865
Place of death