Maria Temryukovna

Maria Temryukovna
Maria Temryukovna's seal ring
Tsaritsa of All Russia
Tenure	21 August 1561 – 1 September 1569
Spouse	Ivan IV of Russia
Issue
Tsarevich Vasili Ivanovich
House	House of Rurik
Father	Temrjuk of Kabardia
Born	c. 1544 Kabardia
Died	1 September 1569 (age 25) Alexandrov
Burial	Ascension Convent, Kolomenskoye Archangel Cathedral, Kremlin (1929)
Religion	Sunni Islam, then Eastern Orthodox

Maria Temryukovna (Мари́я Темрюко́вна, c. 1544 – 1 September 1569) was a Circassian Tsaritsa of the Tsardom of Russia and second wife to Ivan IV of Russia.

The daughter of Muslim prince Temrjuk of Kabardia, Maria (originally named Kučenej (Кученей) before her baptism) was presented to Ivan in Moscow after the death of his first wife Anastasia Romanovna. Russian folklore tells of how Ivan's first wife, before dying, warned him not to take a pagan as a wife. Ivan was so smitten by Maria's beauty, that he decided to marry her immediately. On 21 August 1561, they married, four days before Ivans 31st birthday. Ivan soon came to regret the decision to marry her, on account of his new wife being viewed as illiterate and vindictive. She never fully integrated to the Muscovite way of life, and was considered a poor stepmother to Ivan's two sons Ivan and Feodor. She gave birth to a son named Vasili, named after her father in law on 21 March 1563, though he died on 3 May that same year. Maria was generally hated by her subjects, who believed her to be manipulative and witch-like in her behaviour. Some historians^[who?] write that it was she who first incited her husband to form the oprichniki. She died on 1 September 1569 at the age of 25. It was widely believed^[who?] that she had been poisoned by her own husband. The Tsar never admitted as such, and had many people tortured on suspicion of assassinating the Tsaritsa.

References

• Troyat, Henri Ivan le Terrible. Flammarion, Paris, 1982
• de Madariaga, Isabel Ivan the Terrible. Giulio Einaudi editore, 2005

Appearances in modern media

Tsar a 2009 Russian drama film directed by Pavel Lungin.

Russian royalty
Vacant Title last held by Anastasia Romanovna	Tsaritsa of Russia 1561–1569	Vacant Title next held by Marfa Sobakina

Persondata
Name	Temryukovna, Maria
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1544
Place of birth	Kabardia
Date of death	1 September 1569
Place of death	Alexandrov