List of consorts of Tuscany

The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was founded in 1569. It succeeded the Duchy of Florence. The grand duchy was initially ruled by the House of Medici, until their extinction in 1737. The grand duchy passed to the House of Lorraine, and then, to its cadet branch, the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. The House of Habsburg Lorraine ruled Tuscany from 1765-1801, and then 1814-1859. A reigning grand duchess^[1] was styled:

• (1569–1691) Her Highness The Grand Duchess of Tuscany
• (1691–1737)^[2] Her Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany
• (1737–1765) Her Imperial Majesty Holy Roman Empress, the Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, the Archduchess of Austria, the Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, etc.^[3]
• (1765–1804) Her Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Archduchess of Austria, etc.
• (1804–1859) Her Imperial and Royal Highness The Most Serene Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Archduchess of Austria, etc.

Margravine of Tuscany

House of Bonifacii, 812–931

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
The names of the wives of Boniface I is not known.
	Bertha	-	-	-	828 husband's accession	834 husband's desposition	-	Boniface I
The names of the wive of Aganus is not known.
	Anonsuara	-	-	-	847 husband's accession	-		Adalbert I
	Rothilde of Spoleto	Guy I of Spoleto (Widonids)	-	863		886 husband's death	-
	Bertha of Lotharingia	Lothair II of Lotharingia (Carolingian)	863	895/898		10/15 September 915 husband's death	8 March 925	Adalbert II
	Marozia of Tusculum	Theophylact I, Count of Tusculum (Tusculani)	863–8 March 925	925		929 husband's death	932/937	Guy

House of Arles, 931–1001

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Willa of Burgundy	Rudolph I of Burgundy (Elder Welf)	-	912	931 husband's accession	936 husband's desposition	after 936	Boso
	Willa of Spoleto	Boniface I of Spoleto	-	around 936	936 husband's accession	13 February 962 husband's desposition	-	Hubert
	Judith	-	-	-	961 husband's accession	21 December 1001 husband's death	-	Hugh

House of Bologna, 1004–1011

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• Interregnum 1011–1014

House of ?, 1014–1027

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Waldrada	Guglielmo	-	-	1014 husband's accession	1027 husband's death	-	Rainier

House of Canossa, 1027–1115

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Richelida of Bergamo	Giselbert II, Count of Bergamo	late 10th century	before 1015	1027 husband's accession	after 1034		Boniface IV
	Beatrice of Bar	Frederick II, Duke of Upper Lorraine (Ardennes-Bar)	1017	1037		6 May 1052 husband's death	18 April 1076

• Interregnum 1115–1120

House of Scheiern, 1120–1127

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• Interregnum 1127–1135

House of Sponheim, 1135–1137

None

House of Welf, 1137–1139

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Gertrude of Süpplingenburg	Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor (Süpplingenburg)	18 April 1115	29 May 1127	1137 husband's accession	20 October 1139 husband's death	18 April 1143	Henry

House of Attems, 1139–1152

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House of Welf, 1152–1173

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
Translation Needed	Uta of Calw	Godfrey of Calw, Count Palatine of the Rhine (Calw)	1115/1120	by January 1133	October 1152 husband's accession	1160 their son became Margrave	1197	Welf VI (1st reign)
					11/12 September 1167 husband's accession	1173 husband lost the March		Welf VI (2nd reign)

• Interregnum 1173–1195

House of Hohenstaufen, 1195–1197

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Irene Angelina	Isaac II Angelos (Angelos)	1177/1181	25 May 1197		1197 husband ceased to be Margrave	27 August 1208	Philip

De facto consort of Florence

House of Medici, 1434–1531

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Contessina de' Bardi	Alessandro de' Bardi (Bardi)	1390	1416	6 October 1434 husband's accession	1 August 1464 husband's death	October 1473	Cosimo de' Medici
	Lucrezia Tornabuoni	Francesco Tornabuoni	1425	3 June 1444	1 August 1464 husband's accession	2 December 1469 husband's death	25 March 1482	Piero II de' Medici
	Clarice Orsini	Giacomo Orsini (Orsini)	1453	7 February 1469	2 December 1469 husband's accession	29 July 1487		Lorenzo I de' Medici
	Alfonsina Orsini	Roberto Orsini (Orsini)	1472	March 1488	9 April 1492 husband's accession	1494 husband's desposition	7 February 1520	Piero II de' Medici
Republic restored 1494-1512
	Madeleine de la Tour d'Auvergne	John III, Count of Auvergne (La Tour d'Auvergne)	1501	5 May 1518		28 April 1519		Lorenzo II de' Medici
Republic restored 1527-1530

Duchess of Florence

House of Medici, 1531–1569

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Margaret of Austria	Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (Habsburg)	28 December 1522	18 January 1536		6 January 1537 husband's death	18 January 1586	Alessandro de' Medici
	Eleanor of Toledo	Pedro Álvarez de Toledo, Marquis of Villafranca	1522	29 March 1539	6 January 1537 husband's accession	17 December 1562		Cosimo I de' Medici

Grand Duchess of Tuscany

House of Medici, 1569–1737

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Joanna of Austria	Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (Habsburg)	24 January 1547	25 December 1565	21 April 1574 husband's accession	11 April 1578		Francesco I
	Christina of Lorraine	Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (Lorraine)	16 August 1565	3 May 1589		17 February 1609 husband's death	9 December 1637	Ferdinando I
	Maria Magdalena of Austria	Charles II, Archduke of Austria (Habsburg)	7 October 1589	19 October 1608	17 February 1609 husband's accession	28 February 1621 husband's death	1 November 1631	Cosimo II
	Vittoria della Rovere	Federico Ubaldo della Rovere (Della Rovere)	7 February 1622	26 September 1633		23 May 1670 husband's death	5 March 1694	Ferdinando II
	Marguerite Louise d'Orléans	Gaston d'Orléans (Orléans)	28 July 1645	20 June 1661	23 May 1670 husband's accession	17 September 1721		Cosimo III
	Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg	Julius Francis, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania)	13 June 1672	2 September 1697	31 October 1723 husband's accession	9 July 1737 husband's death	15 October 1741	Gian Gastone

The Medici went extinct in 1737. Francis Stpehen, Duke of Lorraine acceded the grand-ducal throne.

House of Lorraine, 1737–1765

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Maria Theresa of Austria	Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (Habsburg)	13 May 1717	12 February 1736	9 July 1737 husband's accession	18 August 1765 husband's death	29 November 1780	Francesco II

House of Habsburg-Lorraine, 1765–1801

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Maria Luisa of Spain	Charles III of Spain (Bourbon)	24 November 1745	5 August 1765	18 August 1765 husband's accession	20 February 1790 husband's abdication, becomes Holy Roman Empress	15 May 1792	Leopold I
	Luise of Naples and Sicily	Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (Bourbon-Two Sicilies)	27 July 1773	15 August 1790		21 March 1801 husband's deposition	19 December 1802	Ferdinand III

The House of Habsburg-Lorraine was deposed by the Treaty of Aranjuez in 1801. The House of Bourbon-Parma ruled over Tuscany in the form of the Kingdom of Etruria until their own deposition by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807.

Queen of Etruria

House of Bourbon-Parma, 1801–1807

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Maria Luisa of Spain	Charles IV of Spain (Bourbon)	6 July 1782	25 August 1795	21 March 1801 husband's accession	27 May 1803 husband's death	13 March 1824	Louis
Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse

Grand Duchess of Tuscany

House of Habsburg-Lorraine, 1814–1859

The Habsburgs were restored by the Congress of Vienna in 1814.

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony	Maximilian, Crown Prince of Saxony (Wettin)	27 April 1796	6 May 1821		18 June 1824 husband's death	3 January 1865	Ferdinand III
	Maria Anna of Saxony	Maximilian, Crown Prince of Saxony (Wettin)	15 November 1799	16 November 1817	18 June 1824 husband's accession	24 March 1832		Leopold II
	Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies	Francis I of the Two Sicilies (Bourbon-Two Sicilies)	19 December 1814	7 June 1833		21 July 1859 husband's abdication/deposition	7 November 1898

Tuscany was annexed to the United Provinces of Central Italy in 1859, and then absorbed into the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1860.

Titular Grand Duchesses

Picture	Name	Father	Birth	Marriage	Became Consort	Ceased to be Consort	Death	Spouse
	Alicia of Parma	Charles III, Duke of Parma (Bourbons of Parma)	27 December 1849	11 January 1868		17 January 1908 husband's death	16 November 1935	Ferdinand IV
	Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies	Alfonso, Count of Caserta (Bourbons of the Two Sicilies)	10 April 1877	8 November 1900	28 February 1942 husband's accession	4 October 1947		Josef Ferdinand
	Princess Dorothea of Bavaria	Prince Franz of Bavaria (Wittelsbach)	25 May 1920	2 August 1938		21 January 1984 husband's death	n/a	Gottfried
	Elyssa Edmonstone	Sir Archibald Bruce Edmonstone, of Duntreath, 7th Baronet	11 September 1973	18 June 1993		incumbent		Sigismund

See also

• List of rulers of Tuscany
• List of consorts of Urbino
• List of Parmese consorts
• List of Savoyard consorts
• List of consorts of Montferrat
• List of Sardinian consorts
• List of Sicilian consorts
• List of Neopolitan consorts
• List of consorts of the Two Sicilies
• List of Italian consorts
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany
• Grand Princesses of Tuscany

Notes

1. ^ The Bourbon-Parma Kingdom of Etruria, which existed from 1801-1807, had one consort, she was styled as Her Majesty The Queen of Etruria
2. ^ The dates are theoretical, the first grand duchess became so in 1574, but here the style is dated at the establishment of the grand duchy. The grand duchy had a brief interregnum between 1801 and 1814, when it was part of Etruria, France, and then granted as a courtesy title to Napoleon I's sister, Elisa Bonaparte.
3. ^ Maria Theresa of Austria was suo jure Queen of Hungary, Queen of Bohemia, Archduchess of Austria, and, as the consort of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, she was Holy Roman Empress