John Hunn (governor)

Infobox Officeholder
honorific-prefix =
name = John Hunn
honorific-suffix =


imagesize =
small

office = Governor of Delaware
term_start = January 15 1901
term_end = January 17 1905
predecessor = Ebe W. Tunnell
successor = Preston Lea
birth_date = birth date|1849|6|29|mf=y
birth_place = Odessa, Delaware
death_date = death date and age|1926|9|1|1849|6|29
death_place = Camden, Delaware
spouse = Sarah Cowgill Emerson
party = Republican
residence = Camden, Delaware
alma_mater =
occupation = businessman
profession =
religion = Quaker

John Hunn (June 29 1849 – September 1 1926) was an American businessman and politician from Camden, in Kent County, Delaware. He was a member of the Republican Party and served as Governor of Delaware.

Early life and family

Hunn was born June 29 1849 near Odessa, Delaware, son of John and Mary Jenkins Swallow Hunn. He married Sarah Cowgill Emerson in 1874 and they had one child, Alice. They lived at 3 South Main Street in Camden and were members of the Camden Friends Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends or Quakers.

Hunn's father, also John Hunn, was a noted abolitionist and chief engineer of the Underground Railroad in Delaware. Shortly after the younger John's birth, the family lost their New Castle County farm, "Happy Valley," in a sheriff's sales because of fines assessed for helping runaway slaves. They went to live with family at Magnolia, Delaware.

Professional career

The younger Hunn, known as "Honest John", grew up at Magnolia and Port Royal, South Carolina, where his father was working with the Freedmen's Bureau. In 1876 he returned to Delaware, permanently settled at Camden, Delaware and began operating a merchandized fruit, lumber, and lime business in nearby Wyoming. He maintained this business throughout his life.

Delaware politics

At the turn of the twentieth century Delaware was going through a political transformation. Most obvious to the public was the unprecedented division in the Republican Party caused, in part, by the ambitions of J. Edward "Gas" Addicks for a seat in the U.S. Senate. A gas company industrialist, he spent vast amounts of his own fortune to build a Republican Party, primarily for that purpose. Largely successful in heavily Democratic Kent County and Sussex County, he financed the organization of a faction that came to be known as "Union Republicans." Meanwhile he was making bitter enemies of the New Castle County "Regular Republicans," who considered him nothing more than a carpetbagger from Philadelphia.

Behind the headlines, however, all the effort was making obvious the archaic and corrupt practices that characterized elections and the resultant state government. This caused a consensus to develop that major reform was needed in all areas of state government, but especially in voting procedures, apportionment, and the assignment of various responsibilities to the governor, legislature, and judiciary. The result of the all this was the Constitution of 1897, and the return of two-party politics to Delaware. It also created a state-wide, moderately progressive, Republican Party, which become a state-wide majority, particularly after the 1905 end of the highly personal Addicks controversy.

Governor of Delaware

Hunn was to be an early beneficiary of these developments. As a political newcomer, Hunn was acceptable as a compromise candidate to all Republicans. Running in opposition to the Roman Catholic Wilmington leather merchant, Peter J. Ford, he was able to take advantage of the conservative Democratic discomfort with Catholicism and their dislike of national Presidential candidate, William Jennings Bryan. He handily won the election in 1900 and began a period of Republican occupancy of the Governor's office that lasted for all but eight of the next 60 years. Hunn served as Governor of Delaware from January 15 1901 until January 17 1905.

Hunn also benefited from being the first Governor elected under Delaware's new Constitution of 1897. As such he enjoyed an authority unknown to Governor's since the colonial times. He was thus the first Governor of Delaware to be eligible to serve for two terms and most importantly was the first to be able to veto General Assembly bills; a veto power which included the ability to veto particular items on appropriations bills. He was also the first Governor to serve with an elected Lieutenant Governor.

Along with changes to the Governor's authority, the new Constitution modified the duties of the General Assembly so that it too became more effective. Finally, the responsibility for granting divorces was moved to the courts. With the requirement for creating a general incorporation law, the General Assembly eventually produced an incorporation law that laid the basis for the state becoming the preferred national incorporation location, and all its associated revenues. And it was during this time that the General Assembly finally ratified the Thirteenth Amendment, Fourteenth Amendment, and Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, 31 years after they became law. In spite of all this progress, the General Assembly was unable to resolve the Addicks issue until 1903, with the nationally embarrassing result that Delaware spent two years with no representation at all in the U.S. Senate.

Hunn was the first Governor to seek the admission of women to the Delaware College, now the University of Delaware, and to recommend that a paved highway be constructed the entire length of the state.

{|class=wikitable style="width: 94%" style="text-align: center;" align="center"
-bgcolor=#cccccc!colspan=12 style="background: #ccccff;" |Delaware General Assembly
"(sessions while Governor)"
-!Year!Assembly!!Senate Majority!President
"pro tempore"!!House Majority!Speaker
-
1901-1902
91st|
Party shading/Republican |Republican
Party shading/Republican |Henry C. Ellison|
Party shading/Republican |Republican
Party shading/Republican |James V. McCommons
-
1903-1904
92nd|
Party shading/Republican |Republican
Party shading/Republican |Henry C. Ellison|
Party shading/Republican |Republican
Party shading/Republican |Henry S. Anthony
-
###@@@KEYEND@@@###

Death and legacy

After his term ended, Hunn returned full time to his business. He died September 1 1926 at Camden, Delaware and is buried at the Friends Meetinghouse Yard, Camden, along with his wife and parents. There is a road off U.S. Highway 13 and Loockerman Street in Dover named for him, as well as one in the Manor Park development in New Castle.

Almanac

Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1st. The Governor takes office the third Tuesday of January and has a four year term.

{|class=wikitable style="width: 94%" style="text-align: center;" align="center"
-bgcolor=#cccccc!colspan=7 style="background: #ccccff;" | Public Offices
-! Office! Type! Location! Elected! Term began! Term ended! notes
-Party shading/Anti-Jacksonian
Governor
Executive
Dover
1900
January 15 1901
January 17 1905|
###@@@KEYEND@@@###

{|class=wikitable style="width: 94%" style="text-align: center;" align="center"
-bgcolor=#cccccc!colspan=12 style="background: #ccccff;" |Election results
-!Year!Office!!Subject!Party!Votes!%!!Opponent!Party!Votes!%
-
1900
Governor|
Party shading/Republican|John Hunn
Party shading/Republican|Republican
Party shading/Republican|22,421
Party shading/Republican|53%|
Party shading/Democratic|Peter J. Ford
Party shading/Democratic|Democratic
Party shading/Democratic|18,808
Party shading/Democratic|45%
###@@@KEYEND@@@###

References

*cite book |title = Clearing New Ground, The Life of John G. Townsend, Jr. |last= Carter |first= Richard B. |coauthors=|work=|publisher= The Delaware Heritage Press |location= Wilmington, Delaware |pages=|year= 2001|id= ISBN 0-924117-20-6
*cite book |title = History of the State of Delaware |last= Conrad |first= Henry C. |coauthors= |work= |publisher= Wickersham Company |location= Lancaster, Pennsylvania |pages= |year= 1908 |id=
*cite book |title = History of Delaware Through its Governors |last= Martin |first= Roger A. |coauthors=|work=|publisher= McClafferty Press |location= Wilmington, Delaware |pages=|year= 1984|id=
*cite book |title = History of Delaware |last= Munroe |first= John A. |coauthors=|work=|publisher= University of Delaware Press |location= Newark, Delaware |pages=|year= 1993|id= ISBN 0-87413-493-5
*cite book |title = Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States 1789-1978|last= Sobel |first= Robert |coauthors= J. Racino |publisher=Greenwood Press |location= Westport, CT |year=1988 |id=ISBN 0-930466-00-4

=

* [http://www.state.de.us/research/Tour/information/Governors/govs-29.shtml Hall of Governors Portrait Gallery] "Portrait courtesy of Historical and Cultural Affairs, Dover."

External links

* [http://www.russpickett.com/history/delgov4.htm#hunn Delaware’s Governors ]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=7367703 Find a Grave ]
* [http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=937b224971c81010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD&vgnextchannel=e449a0ca9e3f1010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD National Governors Association ]
* [http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/humphries-hunsinger.html#RKD0ILYHI The Political Graveyard ]

Places with more information

* [http://www.hsd.org/ Historical Society of Delaware ] 505 Market St., Wilmington, Delaware [phone]
* [http://www.lib.udel.edu/ University of Delaware Library ] 181 South College Ave., Newark, Delaware [phone]