Eudonia

Eudonia
Eudonia angustea imago Oza dos Ríos, Galicia, Spain
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Division:	Ditrysia
(unranked):	Obtectomera
Superfamily:	Pyraloidea
Family:	Crambidae
Subfamily:	Scopariinae
Genus:	Eudonia Billberg, 1820
Type species
Phalaena mercurella Linnaeus, 1758
Diversity
About 250 species
Synonyms
Boiea Zetterstedt, 1839 Borea (lapsus) Dipleurina Chapman, 1912 Dipluerina (lapsus) Epileucia (nomen nudum) Malageudonia Leraut, 1989 Vietteina Leraut, 1989 Witlesia Chapman, 1912 Wittlesia (lapsus)

Eudonia is a large and widespread genus in the grass moth family (Crambidae), subfamily Scopariinae. There is no common name for the roughly 250 species placed here; new species are still being described regularly. Although the genus was proposed early in the 19th century already, many of these moths were for a long time retained in Scoparia, the type genus of the subfamily and a close relative of Eudonia. A few small genera have been proposed for separation from Eudonia, but given the size of this group this is not particular convincing; thus, all are retained here pending a comprehensive phylogenetic review.

Description and ecology

They are usually greyish-brownish and rather inconspicuous moths, though some are more boldly patterned in blackish, pale and even yellow hues. Like their close relatives, they lack the loop formed by forewing veins 1a/1b, and their labial palps are elongated and project straightly, appearing like a pointed "beak". The genitals are of characteristically simple shape in this genus; while they cannot usually be depended upon to differ significantly between species, they allow to distinguish this genus from similar moths. In the males, the clasper's harpe has few if any unusual features, the aedagus is usually a rather nondescript rod, and the vesica bears a characteristic small disc with grainy surface. In females, the ductus bursae is kinked at the junction of the forward (membranous) and hind (sclerotized) parts, with a particularly heavy sclerotized triangle bearing small teeth half-hidden in the kink.^[1]

They are common across the world's continents except in deserts, on high mountains, and in glaciated areas. In addition, they are apparently even able to disperse over water well, as evidenced by the Polynesian radiations which occur mainly from Hawaiian Islands to the Austral Islands as well as on New Zealand; several of these island endemics might nowadays be rare or extinct due to disappearance of their foodplants, but overall the genus is not yet very well studied. As far as is known, the caterpillar larvae of most Eudonia feed on mosses, namely of subclasses Bryidae and Dicranidae; some also eat lichen. In a few cases, other foodplants have been recorded or suspected, such as Colobanthus pearlworts or woody asterids of genus Olearia (daisy-bushes).^[2]

Species

Eudonia achlya J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia actias Eudonia aeolias Eudonia aequalis Kyrki & Svensson in Palm, 1986 Eudonia albafascicula (Salmon & Bradley, 1956) Eudonia albertalis (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia albilinea Sasaki, 1998: Eudonia alopecias (Meyrick, 1901) Eudonia alpina (J.Curtis, 1850) (including E. lugubralis) Eudonia alticola (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia altissima Leraut, 1986 Eudonia amphicypella Eudonia angustea (J.Curtis, 1827) Eudonia anthracias Eudonia antimacha Eudonia aphrodes Eudonia apicifusca Sasaki, 1999 Eudonia aplysia J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia ara J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia asaleuta (Meyrick, 1907) Eudonia aspidota (Meyrick, 1884) Eudonia asterisca (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia atmogramma (Meyrick, 1915) Eudonia australialis (Guenée, 1854) Eudonia axena (Meyrick, 1884) Eudonia balanopis Eudonia bidentata Maes, 2004 Eudonia bisinualis Eudonia bronzalis (Barnes & Benjamin, 1922) Eudonia bucolica Eudonia camerounensis Maes, 1996 Eudonia cataxesta (Meyrick, 1884) Eudonia chalara (Meyrick, 1901) Eudonia characta (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia chlamydota (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia choristis (Meyrick, 1907) Eudonia chrysomicta (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia chrysopetra (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia citrocosma (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia clavula J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia cleodoralis (Walker, 1859) Eudonia clerica (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia clonodes Eudonia colpota (Meyrick, 1888) Eudonia commortalis (Dyar, 1921) Eudonia crassiuscula (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia crataea Eudonia critica (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia cryerodes Eudonia crypsinoa (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia cymatias (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia cyptastis (Meyrick, 1909) Eudonia dactyliopa Eudonia decorella (Stainton, 1859) Eudonia deltophora Meyrick, 1884 Eudonia delunella Eudonia demodes Eudonia dinodes (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia diphtheralis Eudonia dochmia (Meyrick, 1905) Eudonia dupla J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia echo Eudonia empeda Eudonia entabeniensis Maes, 2004 Eudonia epicremna (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia epicryma (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia epimystis Eudonia erebochalca Eudonia eremitis (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia excursalis (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia exilis (Knaggs, 1867) Eudonia expallidalis (Dyar, 1906) Eudonia exterminata (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia extincta Dyar, 1921 Eudonia feredayi (Knaggs, 1867) Eudonia fogoalis Derra, 2008 Eudonia formosa Eudonia fotounii Maes, 1996 Eudonia franciscalis Munroe, 1972 Eudonia franclemonti Munroe, 1972 Eudonia frigida Eudonia geminoflexuosa Nuss, Karsholt & Meyer, 1998 Eudonia geraea Eudonia gigantea Sasaki, 1998

Eudonia gonodecta Eudonia gracilineata Nuss, 2000 Eudonia gressitti (Munroe, 1964) Eudonia griveaudi (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia gyrotoma (Meyrick, 1909) Eudonia halirrhoa Eudonia halmaea (Meyrick, 1899) Eudonia hawaiiensis Eudonia hemicycla (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia hemiplaca (Meyrick, 1889) Eudonia heterosalis McDunnough, 1961 Eudonia homala (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia ianthes Eudonia idiogama (Meyrick, 1935) Eudonia inexoptata (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia inouei Sasaki, 1998 Eudonia interlinealis (Warren, 1905) Eudonia ischnias Eudonia isophaea Eudonia ivelonensis (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia jucunda Eudonia lacustrata Eudonia laetella (Zeller, 1846) Eudonia legnota (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia leptalea (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia leucogramma (Meyrick, 1884) Eudonia leucophthalma (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia liebmanni (Petry, 1904) Eudonia lindbergalis Viette, 1958 Eudonia linealis (Walker, [1866]) Eudonia lineola (J.Curtis, 1827) Eudonia locularis (Meyrick, 1912) Eudonia loxocentra Eudonia luminatrix (Meyrick, 1909) Eudonia luteusalis (Hampson, 1907) Eudonia lycopodiae Eudonia macrophanes (Meyrick, 1888) Eudonia madagascariensis (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia magnibursa Inoue, 1982 Eudonia malawiensis Nuss, 2000 Eudonia malgassicella (Marion, 1956) Eudonia manganeutis (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia marioni (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia marmarias Eudonia mawsoni Eudonia medinella (Snellen, 1890) Eudonia melanaegis (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia melanocephala Eudonia melanographa (Hampson, 1907) Eudonia melichlora Eudonia meliturga (Meyrick, 1905) Eudonia mercurella Eudonia meristis Eudonia mesoleuca Eudonia miantis Eudonia microdontalis (Hampson, 1907) Eudonia microphthalma (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia minima (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia minualis Eudonia minusculalis (Walker, [1866]) Eudonia montana Eudonia munroei J.F.G.Clarke, 1986 Eudonia murana – Scotch Gray, Wall Grey Eudonia nakajimai Sasaki, 2002 Eudonia nectarias (Meyrick, 1899) Eudonia nectarioides Eudonia notozeucta (Meyrick, 1938) Eudonia nyctombra Eudonia octophora Eudonia oculata (Philpott, 1927) Eudonia oenopis Eudonia oertneri Nuss, 2007 Eudonia officialis (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia okuensis Maes, 1996 Eudonia ombrodes Eudonia opostactis (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia oreas (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia organaea (Meyrick, 1901) Eudonia orthioplecta (Meyrick, 1937) Eudonia orthoria Eudonia owadai Sasaki, 1998 Eudonia oxythyma Eudonia pachyerga (Meyrick, 1927) Eudonia pachysema Eudonia paghmanella Leraut, 1985 Eudonia pallida Eudonia paltomacha (Meyrick, 1884) Eudonia parachlora

Eudonia parviangusta Nuss, Karsholt & Meyer, 1998 Eudonia passalota Eudonia pentaspila Eudonia perierga (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia perinetensis (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia periphanes (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia peronetis Eudonia persimilis Sasaki, 1991 Eudonia petrophila (Standfuss, 1848) Eudonia phaeoleuca (Zeller, 1846) Eudonia philerga Eudonia philetaera (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia philorphna (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia piroformis (Amsel, 1949) Eudonia platyscia Eudonia pongalis (C.Felder, R.Felder & Rogenhofer in C.Felder, R.Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) Eudonia probolaea (including E. omichlopis) Eudonia promiscua (Wileman & South, 1919) Eudonia protorthra (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia psammitis (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia psednopa (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia puellaris Sasaki, 1991 Eudonia pygmina Leraut, 1988 Eudonia pyreseutis Meyrick, 1899 Eudonia pyrseutis (Meyrick, 1899) Eudonia quaestoria (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia rakaiensis (Knaggs, 1867) Eudonia rectilinea (Zeller, 1874) Eudonia religiosa Eudonia rhombias Eudonia rotundalis Munroe, 1972 Eudonia sabulosellus (Walker, 1863) Eudonia schwarzalis (Dyar, 1906) Eudonia scoriella (T.V.Wollaston, 1858) Eudonia senecaensis Huemer & Leraut, 1993 Eudonia shafferi Nuss, Karsholt & Meyer, 1998 Eudonia siderina Eudonia sogai (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia spaldingalis (Barnes & McDunnough, 1912) Eudonia spectacularis (Meyrick, 1929) Eudonia speideli Leraut, 1982 Eudonia spenceri Munroe, 1972 Eudonia stenota (T.V.Wollaston, 1858) Eudonia steropaea Eudonia strigalis (Dyar, 1906) Eudonia struthias Eudonia subditella (Walker, 1866) Eudonia submarginalis Eudonia sudetica (Zeller, 1839) Eudonia synapta (Meyrick, 1885) Eudonia taiwanalpina Sasaki, 1998 Eudonia tetranesa Eudonia thalamias Eudonia thomealis (Viette, 1957) Eudonia threnodes (Meyrick, 1887) Eudonia thyellopis Eudonia thyridias (Meyrick, 1905) Eudonia tibetalis (Caradja in Caradja & Meyrick, 1937) Eudonia tivira (J.F.G.Clarke, 1971) Eudonia torniplagalis (Dyar, 1904) Eudonia torodes (Meyrick, 1901) Eudonia triacma Eudonia triclera (Meyrick, 1905) Eudonia trivirgatus (C.Felder, R.Felder & Rogenhofer in C.Felder, R.Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) Eudonia truncicolella Eudonia tyraula Eudonia tyrophanta (Meyrick, 1932) Eudonia umbrosa Sasaki, 1998 Eudonia ustiramis (Meyrick, 1931) Eudonia vallesialis (Duponchel, 1832) Eudonia venosa Eudonia viettei (Leraut, 1989) Eudonia vinasalis (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia vivida Munroe, 1972 Eudonia xysmatias (Meyrick, 1907) Eudonia yaoundeiensis Maes, 1996 Eudonia ycarda (Dyar, 1929) Eudonia zophochlaena (Meyrick, 1923) Eudonia zophochlora

Footnotes

1. ^ Clarke (1986)
2. ^ Clarke (1986), and see references in Savela

References

• Clarke, John Frederick Gates (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416: 1-485. PDF fulltext (214 MB!)
• Savela, Markku (2010): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms – Diaphania indica. Version of 2010-APR-06. Retrieved 2011-OCT-14.

External links

• Global Pyraloidea database

This Scopariinae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Scopariinae stubs Scopariinae Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу Diples Dipleurinodes Look at other dictionaries: Eudonia — Eudonia …   Wikipédia en Français Eudonia — lacustrat …   Wikipédia en Français Eudonia mercurella — Systematik Klasse: Insekten (Insecta) Ordnung …   Deutsch Wikipedia Eudonia lacustrata — Systematik Klasse: Insekten (Insecta) Ordnung: Schm …   Deutsch Wikipedia Eudonia lacustrata — Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum …   Wikipedia Eudonia truncicolella — Eudonia truncicolella …   Википедия Eudonia submarginalis — Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum …   Wikipedia Eudonia hiranoi — Научная классификация промежуточные ранги Домен:  …   Википедия Eudonia puellaris — Научная классификация промежуточные ранги Домен:  …   Википедия Eudonia delunella — Taxobox name = Eudonia delunella image width = 220px image caption = regnum = Animalia phylum = Arthropoda subphylum = Hexapoda classis = Insecta ordo = Lepidoptera unranked familia = Obtectomera superfamilia = Pyraloidea familia = Crambidae… …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”