Feldioara

For the village also in Braşov County, see Ucea. For the village in Cluj County, see Cătina, Cluj. For the village in Vrancea County, see Tănăsoaia.

"Barcaföldvár" redirects here. For the village also called by this name in Hungarian, see Ucea.

Feldioara
—  Commune  —
Feldioara
Coordinates: 45°49′0″N 25°35′30″E / 45.816667°N 25.59167°E / 45.816667; 25.59167
Country	Romania
County	Braşov County
Population (2002)[1]	6,435
Time zone	EET (UTC+2)
– Summer (DST)	EEST (UTC+3)

Feldioara (German: Marienburg; Hungarian: Földvár or Barcaföldvár) is a Romanian commune located in Transylvania, very close to Braşov (about 10 miles or 15 kilometers). It is composed of three villages: Colonia Reconstrucţia (Bohntelep), Feldioara and Rotbav (Rothbach; Szászveresmart).

It has a medieval fortress long believed to have been built by the Teutonic Knights. However, more recent studies show that the Fortress in Feldioara was actually constructed by the local community^{[citation needed]}. The name of the village comes from the Hungarian word Földvár, which means "the clay fortress". The ruins of the fortress can still be seen today. The German name Marienburg means "fortress of the Virgin Mary".

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  Feldioara fortress

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  Feldioara fortified church

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  Rotbav fortified church

History

Between 1211-1225, Feldioara was the Teutonic Knights’ quarter, which will later become a peasant stronghold^[2]. A 1439 document states that the civilians of Feldioara built this fortress “with great financial and physical expenses” in order to protect their families and possessions^{[citation needed]}. The fortress withstood the Turkish invasion of 1421, but it was severely damaged by a second invasion in 1432. It took until 1457 to restore it^{[citation needed]}.

During the battles of 1612, the armies led by Prince Gabriel Báthori conquered the fortress, and in September the Braşovian armies had Feldioara under siege for three days. On September 16, 1612 a battle was fought between the Hungarians, led by Báthori, and the Braşovians, led by mayor Michael Weiss. The Braşovians lost the fight, and Michael Weiss was killed on the battlefield^{[citation needed]}.

Afterwards, the fortress was used as a granary until 1838, when a major earthquake damaged it. After this event, even the fortress guardian left the building. Since then the fortress has lain in ruins.

See also

• List of fortified churches in Transylvania
• Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania
• List of castles in Romania

References

1. ^ Romanian census data, 2002; retrieved on March 1, 2010
2. ^ Ol' man river: geo-archaeological aspects of rivers and river plains, Morgan de Dapper et al, Ghent, Belgium: Academia Press in cooperation with Ghent University, Dept. of Archaeology and Ancient History of Europe, 2009, ISBN 9789038214047, 9038214049

Coordinates: 45°49′00″N 25°35′30″E / 45.8166667°N 25.59167°E / 45.8166667; 25.59167