Merkinė

Merkinė
Merkinė
—  Town  —
Merkine Catholic Church
Merkinė is located in Lithuania
Merkinė
Location of Merkinė
Coordinates: 54°09′50″N 24°11′10″E / 54.16389°N 24.18611°E / 54.16389; 24.18611Coordinates: 54°09′50″N 24°11′10″E / 54.16389°N 24.18611°E / 54.16389; 24.18611
Country  Lithuania
Ethnographic region Dzūkija
County Alytus County COA.png Alytus County
Municipality Varėna district municipality
Eldership Merkinė eldership
Capital of Merkinė eldership
First mentioned 1359
Received city rights 1569
Population (2001)
 – Total 1,434
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 – Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)


Merkinė is a town in Dzūkija National Park in Lithuania, located at the confluence of the Merkys and Neman Rivers.

First mentioned in 1359, Merkinė is one of the oldest Lithuanian settlements. It received the Magdeburg rights in 1569. The town is the location of The Mount of Queen Bona, a mound which was the site of an ancient hill-fort overlooking the rivers. Situated on a historic WarsawVilnius trail, the town was also the place where King of Poland And Grand Duke of Lithuania Władysław IV Vasa died in 1648.

Contents

Names

The names of the town as it is called or was formerly called in other languages spoken by non-Lithuanian ethnic groups which have lived or live in or around the town include: Polish: Merecz; Yiddish: מערעטש, Meretch.

Jewish history

Bend of Nemunas River in Merkinė

The earliest mention of Jews in Merkinė is dated 1539, when a dispute was adjudicated (July 8) between a Jew named Konyuk and a Christian in regard to a debt of the former. In 1551 the Jews of Merech were named among those of fourteen other towns to be exempted from the special tax ("Serebshchizna") levied upon all inhabitants, with the exception of villagers and Jews, at the Polish diet held in that year (Nov. 27) at Vilnius. Merkinė produced in the nineteenth century some noted Hebrew scholars, as Mordecai Melzer, Isaac b. Elijah Margolis (d. New York 1887), and his son Max Margolis, of the University of California.[1]

A mass grave of Polish Jews killed during the Nazi occupation is in the forest behind the town.

References

  1. ^ This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia article "Merech" by Herman Rosenthal and A. S. Waldstein, a publication now in the public domain.

External links



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