Lim Chin Siong

Infobox Person
name = Lim Chin Siong 林清祥


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birth_date = 28 February 1933
birth_place = Singapore
death_date = 5 february 1996 (age 62)
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death_cause = Heart attack
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nationality = flagicon|Singapore Singapore
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known_for = Communist activities
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occupation = One of the Political leader of Barisan Sosialis, the other being Lee Siew Choh
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party = Malayan Communist Party
People's Action Party
Barisan Sosialis
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Lim Chin Siong (zh-cp|c=林清祥|p=Lín Qīngxiáng; 28 February 1933 – 5 February 1996) was an influential leftwing politician and trade union leader in Singapore in the 1950s and 1960s.

Early life

Born in Telok Ayer Street, Lim studied first in Johor, before entering Singapore’s The Chinese High School in and 1950 respectively. He was later expelled for engaging in subversive activities in the Anti-British League.

Political career

Lim’s influence in politics stemmed from his union work as a paid organiser of the Singapore Bus Workers Union and the Singapore Factory and Shop Workers Union. Together with his strength in Chinese oratory which was a critical factor for tapping the support of the Chinese-speaking masses, he was recruited into the PAP by Lee Kuan Yew.

Rise

Lim joined the People's Action Party (PAP) in 1954. His popularity rose rapidly and he became the leader of Chinese workers, trade unions and Chinese middle school students in the 1950s. He was slim, youthful, dedicated, and had a handsome boyish face. His oratory as a speaker in the Hokkien dialect, among the Chinese masses was legendary. In his political memoir "The Singapore Story", Lee Kuan Yew offered ungrudging praise to Lim's "hypnotic" oratory: : "...a ringing voice that flowed beautifully in his native Hokkien. The girls adored him, especially those in the trade unions. Once he got going after a cold start at the first two meetings, there was tremendous applause every time he spoke. By the end of the campaign, Lim Chin Siong was seen as a charismatic figure and a person to be reckoned with in Singapore politics and, what was of more immediate concern, within the PAP." At a young age of 22, He was elected into the legislative assembly as a member for Bukit Timah in 1955 and together with Lee, represented the PAP in the 1956 constitutional talks in London.

Decline

In 1955, Lim and his close associate Fong Swee Suan instigated a labour strike by bus workers that resulted into the violent Hock Lee bus riots. He later led the Chinese Middle School riots in 1956 with further violence. The Chief Minister Lim Yew Hock suppressed the riots aggressively and Lim Chin Siong, with many other pro-communists, were arrested. He was released in 1959 after PAP won the first General Election.

However, he broke off with the Lee Kuan Yew-led PAP (which now tried to get rid of its left-winged allies) and formed the Barisan Sosialis Party in 17 September 1961. After Singapore's national referendum which affirmed merger with Malaysia, Lim Chin Siong and many opposition party members were detained under the Internal Security Act by the ruling PAP government via the infamous Operation Coldstore on 2 February 1963.

The Barisan Sosialis contested the 1963 general election while Singapore was a state of Malaysia. Though they put up a fierce fight, crippled by Operation Coldstore, they lost. The Barisan Sosialis never recovered and declined.

During detention, Lim was reported to be depressed and suicidal. He was finally released from prison on July 28 1969 after renouncing politics and went into exile in London. He returned to Singapore in 1979 with his family. The Barisan Sosialis would merge into the Workers' Party in 1988. Lim Chin Siong died of a heart attack on 5 February 1996.ref|2

Controversy over Lim's status of being a communist

Was Lim a communist? This is the question that remained a mystery throughout his lifetime. While Lee Kuan Yew was adamant and clear that Lim was one, but Lim, till his death, consistently denied he was ever one. According to Lim, labelling one as a communist was the best way to justify a detention without trial. The secretary general of the Malayan Communist Party, Chin Peng, did not acknowledge that Lim was a party member and the MCP in Southern Thailand did not exercise direct control over the Singapore left.Lee Kuan Yew once introduced Lim Chin Siong as "our future Prime Minister" - instead the dictator Lee Kuan Yew stole power away from Chin Siong, who was bullied and conspired against by Lee, Lim Yew Hock and the British authorities. Lim Chin Siong was a great populist, a champion of Singapore students and workers - a Singapore nationalist.

Declassified British documents [Comet in our Sky: Lim Chin Siong in HistoryEditor: Tan Jing Quee & Jomo K. S.Publisher: Selangor Darul Ehsan (Malaysia)170 pp. B&W photos.PaperbackISBN 983-9602-14-4] reveal that he was not a communist as Lee Kwan Yew said he was, as is taught out of Lee's People's Action Party approved textbooks to Singapore school children.In a startling and revisionist essay, Dr Greg Poulgrain of Griffiths University observes that the British Governor of Singapore and his Chief Secretary in their reports to London had admitted that the police could find no evidence to establish that Lim was a communist.The British and Singapore Chief Minister Lim Yew Hock had deliberately provoked the students and unionists into riots at rallies that Lim Chin Siong was attending. Lee Kuan Yew later opportunistically used these incidents to persecute and imprison Lim as a communist (after Lim had formed his own political party because Lee had marginalized Lim and his supporters in the PAP) and then banish him to England after first courting Lim to be a co-founder of the People's Action Party because of Lim's immense popularity with the Singapore people.

Chin Peng the leader of the Malaya Communist Party said that Lim Chin Siong never admitted he was a Communist Party member and that the Malaya Communist Party did not control Lim Chin Siong and his Barisan Socialis party as Lee Kuan Yew stated they did.

Legacy

Lim and his followers' contribution to Singapore’s political development was that their dedication and selfless dedication to their cause helped to ensure that the ruling PAP also had to make sure that incorruptibility and integrity were central to their political legitimacy in Singapore.

Lee Kuan Yew wrote of Lim in his obituary: : "“I liked and respected him for his simple lifestyle and his selflessness. He did not seek financial gain or political glory. He was totally committed to the advancement of his cause…Because of the standards of dedication they set, we, the English-educated PAP leaders, had to set high standards of personal integrity and spartan lifestyles to withstand their political attacks. They were ruthless and thorough. We became as determined as they were in pursuing our political objectives.”"ref|1

Notes

# [http://ourstory.asia1.com.sg/independence/ref/limqte.html Quotes on Lim Chin Siong]
# [http://www.malaysia.net/lists/sangkancil/2001-06/msg00269.html The Abortion of a Prime Minister : Singapore's Lim Chin Siong]
# [http://singaporegovt.blogspot.com/2006/07/history-of-pap-part-iv-lim-chin-siong_06.html The History of PAP (Part IV)-Lim Chin Siong]

References

* Lam, Peng Er and Tan, Kevin (Ed.) (2000). "Lee’s Lieutenants". Singapore: Allen & Unwin. ISBN - 1864486392
* Lee, Kuan Yew (1998). "The Singapore Story: Memoirs of Lee Kuan Yew". Singapore: Times Editions. ISBN - 4532163633
* Tan Jing Quee, Jomo K.S. (Ed.).(2001). "Comet in our sky: Lim Chin Siong in history". ISBN - 9839602144
* C.C. Chin & Hack, Karl (Ed.) (2004) "Dialogues with Chin Peng: New light on the MCP". Singapore: Singapore University
* [http://singaporedemocrat.org/articlelimchinsionghistory_part1.html Lim Chin Siong vs Lee Kuan Yew: The true and shocking history]