Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election, 1973

The Berwick-upon-Tweed by-election, 1973 was a parliamentary by-election held on 8th November1973 for the British House of Commons constituency of Berwick-upon-Tweed.

The by-election took place during the 1970s Liberal Party revival. This was the fifth Liberal gain during the 1970-1974 Parliament.

Previous MP

The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Conservative Member of Parliament (MP), Antony Claud Frederick Lambton, resigned following a private scandal. To resign from the House of Commons he asked to be appointed to the sinecure office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, which appointment was made on 1 June 1973. The Stewardship is a notional office of profit under the Crown, appointment to which vacates an MPs seat in Parliament. Lambton, a Conservative, had been MP for the constituency since 1951.

Antony Lambton (10 July 1922 – 30 December 2006), was briefly the 6th Earl of Durham in 1970 but disclaimed that title to remain in the House of Commons. He was known before 1970 by the courtesy title of Viscount Lambton, a style he continued to claim after renouncing his peerage.

Candidates

Five candidates were nominated. The list below is set out in descending order of the number of votes received at the by-election.

1. The Liberal Party candidate was Alan James Beith, born on 20 April 1943. He was a lecturer in politics and a local Councillor. Beith had contested the constituency in the 1970 general election,

Beith won the by-election, in a seat in which he had finished third in the 1970 general election. He has retained the seat since the by-election and (in 2007) is the longest serving current Liberal Democrat MP.

Beith was the Liberal Party Chief Whip 1977-1985 and Deputy Leader 1985-1988. Following the formation of the (Social and) Liberal Democrats in 1988, he contested the party leadership. Beith subsequently became Deputy Leader of the Parliamentary Party, a post he left in 2003.

2. The Conservative candidate was J.D.M. Hardie. He had previously contested the Scottish seats of West Stirlingshire in 1966 and Berwickshire and East Lothian in 1970.

After losing the by-election, Hardie again contested the seat in the February 1974 general election.

3. The Labour Party was represented by Dr Gordon Johnston Adam, a mining engineer (born 28 March 1934). At the 1966 general election, Adam was the Labour Party candidate for the Tynemouth constituency.

In August 1973, he was chosen to fight the byelection in Berwick-upon-Tweed, and decided to focus on the issues of housing and prices."Berwick Liberals' confident attack on Tory stronghold", "The Times", 18 August 1973, p. 2.] "The Times" Diary noted that Labour had drafted 13 professionals in to lead their campaign but described Adam as "a charm-free technocrat"."The Times Diary", "The Times", 6 November 1973, p. 20.] Adam saw Labour overtaken by the Liberal Party who narrowly won the seat; he took comfort that the Labour vote had held firm.Ronald Faux, "Berwick result shows Liberal revival goes on, new MP says", "The Times", 10 November 1973, p. 2.]

Adam again contested the constituency in the February 1974 general election. He was a member of the European Parliament from 1979 until he retired in 2004 (apart from six months in 1999).

4. T.G. Symonds was an Independent candidate.

5. R. Goodall was an Independent candidate. He had previously contested the West Derbyshire by-election, 1967 and the Macclesfield by-election, 1971, finishing bottom of the poll each time.

Votes

Election box candidate with party link
party = Liberal Party (UK)
candidate = Alan Beith
votes = 12,489
percentage = 39.9
change = +18.0Election box candidate with party link
party = Conservative Party (UK)
candidate = J.D.M. Hardie
votes = 12,432
percentage = 39.7
change = -11.0Election box candidate with party link
party = Labour Party (UK)
candidate = Gordon Adam
votes = 6,178
percentage = 19.8
change = -7.6Election box candidate with party link
party = Independent (politician)
candidate = T.G. Symonds
votes = 126
percentage = 0.4
change = "N/A"Election box candidate with party link
party = Independent (politician)
candidate = R. Goodall
votes = 72
percentage = 0.2
change = "N/A"Election box majority
votes = 57
percentage = 0.2
change = "N/A"Election box turnout
votes =
percentage = 75.0
change = +1.3Election box Registered electors
reg. electors = 41,721Election box gain with party link
winner = Liberal Party (UK)
loser = Conservative Party (UK)
swing =

ee also

* Berwick-upon-Tweed constituency
* List of United Kingdom by-elections (1950–1979)
* United Kingdom by-election records

References

* "British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973", compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Research Services 1983)
* "Who's Who of British Members of Parliament, Volume IV 1945-1979", edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (Harvester Press 1981)