PACS1

Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1
Identifiers
Symbols	PACS1; FLJ10209; KIAA1175
External IDs	OMIM: 607492 MGI: 1277113 HomoloGene: 9970 GeneCards: PACS1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding Cellular component • Golgi apparatus • cytosol • COPI-coated vesicle Biological process • protein targeting to Golgi • viral reproduction • interspecies interaction between organisms • regulation of defense response to virus by virus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	55690	107975
Ensembl	ENSG00000175115	ENSMUSG00000024855
UniProt	Q6VY07	Q3TAB8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_018026	NM_153129.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_060496	NP_694769.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 65.84 – 66.01 Mb	Chr 19: 5.13 – 5.27 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1 also known as PACS-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PACS1 gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

The PACS-1 protein has a putative role in the localization of trans-Golgi network (TGN) membrane proteins. Mouse and rat homologs have been identified and studies of the homologous rat protein indicate a role in directing TGN localization of furin by binding to the protease's phosphorylated cytosolic domain. In addition, the human protein plays a role in HIV-1 Nef-mediated downregulation of cell surface MHC-I molecules to the TGN, thereby enabling HIV-1 to escape immune surveillance.^[3]

Interactions

PACS1 has been shown to interact with Furin.^[4]

References

1. ^ Stove V, Naessens E, Stove C, Swigut T, Plum J, Verhasselt B (Oct 2003). "Signaling but not trafficking function of HIV-1 protein Nef is essential for Nef-induced defects in human intrathymic T-cell development". Blood 102 (8): 2925–32. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-03-0833. PMID 12855553. 
2. ^ Hinners I, Wendler F, Fei H, Thomas L, Thomas G, Tooze SA (Dec 2003). "AP-1 recruitment to VAMP4 is modulated by phosphorylation-dependent binding of PACS-1". EMBO Rep 4 (12): 1182–9. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400018. PMC 1326413. PMID 14608369. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1326413. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: PACS1 phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=55690. 
4. ^ Wan, L; Molloy S S, Thomas L, Liu G, Xiang Y, Rybak S L, Thomas G (Jul. 1998). "PACS-1 defines a novel gene family of cytosolic sorting proteins required for trans-Golgi network localization". Cell (UNITED STATES) 94 (2): 205–16. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81420-8. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 9695949. 

Further reading

• Geyer M, Fackler OT, Peterlin BM (2001). "Structure–function relationships in HIV-1 Nef". EMBO Rep. 2 (7): 580–5. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kve141. PMC 1083955. PMID 11463741. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1083955. 
• Leavitt SA, SchOn A, Klein JC et al. (2004). "Interactions of HIV-1 proteins gp120 and Nef with cellular partners define a novel allosteric paradigm". Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 5 (1): 1–8. doi:10.2174/1389203043486955. PMID 14965316. 
• Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87–94. doi:10.2174/1570162052773013. PMID 15638726. 
• Wan L, Molloy SS, Thomas L et al. (1998). "PACS-1 defines a novel gene family of cytosolic sorting proteins required for trans-Golgi network localization". Cell 94 (2): 205–16. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81420-8. PMID 9695949. 
• Hirosawa M, Nagase T, Ishikawa K et al. (2000). "Characterization of cDNA clones selected by the GeneMark analysis from size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain". DNA Res. 6 (5): 329–36. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.5.329. PMID 10574461. 
• Piguet V, Wan L, Borel C et al. (2000). "HIV-1 Nef protein binds to the cellular protein PACS-1 to downregulate class I major histocompatibility complexes". Nat. Cell Biol. 2 (3): 163–7. doi:10.1038/35004038. PMC 1475706. PMID 10707087. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1475706. 
• Crump CM, Xiang Y, Thomas L et al. (2001). "PACS-1 binding to adaptors is required for acidic cluster motif-mediated protein traffic". EMBO J. 20 (9): 2191–201. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.9.2191. PMC 125242. PMID 11331585. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=125242. 
• Williams M, Roeth JF, Kasper MR et al. (2002). "Direct Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef to the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC-I) Cytoplasmic Tail Disrupts MHC-I Trafficking". J. Virol. 76 (23): 12173–84. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.23.12173-12184.2002. PMC 136906. PMID 12414957. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=136906. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Blagoveshchenskaya AD, Thomas L, Feliciangeli SF et al. (2003). "HIV-1 Nef downregulates MHC-I by a PACS-1- and PI3K-regulated ARF6 endocytic pathway". Cell 111 (6): 853–66. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)01162-5. PMID 12526811. 
• Scott GK, Gu F, Crump CM et al. (2004). "The phosphorylation state of an autoregulatory domain controls PACS-1-directed protein traffic". EMBO J. 22 (23): 6234–44. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg596. PMC 291837. PMID 14633983. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=291837. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D et al. (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=514446. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Köttgen M, Benzing T, Simmen T et al. (2005). "Trafficking of TRPP2 by PACS proteins represents a novel mechanism of ion channel regulation". EMBO J. 24 (4): 705–16. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600566. PMC 549624. PMID 15692563. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=549624.