Civil Defence Corps

The Civil Defence Corps was a civilian volunteer organisation established in Great Britain in 1949 to take control in the aftermath of a nuclear attack. It was stood down in Great Britain in 1968. Civil Defence Corps still exist on the Isle of Man and in the Republic of Ireland.

Organisation

Although under the authority of the Home Office, with a centralised administrative establishment, the corps was administered locally by Corps Authorities. In general every county was a Corps Authority, as were most county boroughs in England and Wales and large burghs in Scotland. The CDC was never established in Northern Ireland. Each Corps Authority established its own Division of the corps.

Each division was divided into several sections.

• Headquarters Section, responsible for staffing control centres and divided into three sub-sections.
  • Intelligence and Operations Sub-Section, responsible for recording and analysing information and preparing instructions.
  • Signal Sub-Section, responsible for installing, operating and maintaining communications systems.
  • Scientific and Reconnaissance Sub-Section, responsible for advising controllers on scientific and technical aspects of nuclear, biological and chemical warfare, and providing reconnaissance parties (especially to monitor nuclear fallout).
• Warden Section, responsible for local reconnaissance and reporting, and leadership, organisation, guidance and control of the public.
• Rescue Section, responsible for rescue operations, demolition and debris clearance.
• Ambulance and First Aid Section, built around peacetime local ambulance services. This section did not exist in Scotland, where the Scottish Ambulance Service was expected to perform ambulance functions and specialist casualty wardens of the Warden Section to perform first aid functions.
  • Ambulance Sub-Section, responsible for the operation of ambulances to transport casualties to Forward Medical Aid Units (FMAU).^[1]
  • First Aid Sub-Section, responsible for basic first aid at the scene and the removal of casualties by stretcher to ambulances.
• Welfare Section, responsible for the welfare of those rendered homeless and/or deprived of normal facilities, including evacuation, accommodation, feeding, sanitation, clothing, nursing, information etc.

In London the City of London and London boroughs were Corps Authorities, but their divisions only had Headquarters, Warden and Welfare Sections. The London County Council organised the Rescue and Ambulance and First Aid Sections centrally and also shared responsibility for the Welfare Sections.

Uniforms and insignia

Members of the corps were issued with dark blue battledress and berets. A system of horizontal bars and point-down chevrons was used to indicate rank.

Rank Insignia	Intelligence & Operations Sub-Section	Signal Sub-Section	Scientific & Recce Sub-Section	Warden Section	Rescue Section	Welfare Section	Ambulance Sub-Section	First Aid Sub-Section
Two wide bars with one narrow bar between	Division Chief Officer			Chief Warden	Chief Rescue Officer	Chief Welfare Section Officer	Chief Ambulance Officer
Two wide bars	Senior Staff Officer	Senior Signal Officer	Senior Scientific Intelligence Officer	Deputy Chief Warden	Deputy Chief Rescue Officer	Deputy Chief Welfare Section Officer	Deputy Chief Ambulance Officer
One wide bar with two narrow bars above					Column Rescue Officer		Column Ambulance Officer
One wide bar with one narrow bar above				Assistant Chief Warden	Deputy Column Rescue Officer		Deputy Column Ambulance Officer
One wide bar	Staff Officer (Operations) Staff Officer (Intelligence) Sector Staff Officer	Signal Officer	Scientific Intelligence Officer Reconnaissance Officer	Sector Warden	Company Rescue Officer	Assistant Chief Welfare Section Officer	Company Ambulance Officer	Company First Aid Officer
Three narrow bars				Deputy Sector Warden	Deputy Company Rescue Officer	Senior Welfare Section Officer	Deputy Company Ambulance Officer	Deputy Company First Aid Officer
Two narrow bars				Post Warden	Platoon Rescue Officer		Platoon Ambulance Officer	Platoon First Aid Officer
One narrow bar		Signalmaster		Deputy Post Warden	Deputy Platoon Rescue Officer	Welfare Section Officer	Deputy Platoon Ambulance Officer	Deputy Platoon First Aid Officer
Three chevrons	Operations Clerk Intelligence Clerk	Signal Clerk Field Cable Party Leader	Reconnaissance Party Leader	Senior Warden	Rescue Party Leader	Welfare Section Detachment Leader	Ambulance Detachment Leader	First Aid Party Leader
Two chevrons					Deputy Rescue Party Leader		Deputy Ambulance Detachment Leader	Deputy First Aid Party Leader
One chevron

Industrial Civil Defence Service

The Industrial Civil Defence Service was a similar organisation to the Civil Defence Corps, but separate from it. Every industrial or commercial undertaking which employed two hundred or more people could form a civil defence unit to protect its own property and staff. These units were organised in a similar way to the Civil Defence Corps, with Headquarters, Warden, Rescue, First Aid and Fire Guard Sections. The Fire Guard Section manned fire points and smaller fire appliances. Each unit had its own control post, and groups of units could form a group control post. Group control posts and control posts in larger factories had the status of warden posts in their own right, whereas smaller units answered to their local Civil Defence Corps warden post.

See also

• Civil Defence Medal
• Civil Defence Service

Footnotes

1. ^ A mobile unit provided by the local National Health Service hospital and each staffed by four doctors, four nurses and thirty-six nursing auxiliaries, as well as administrative staff.

References

• Home Office/Scottish Home Department, Civil Defence Pocket Book No.3: General Information, HMSO: London, 1960

External links

• Civil Defence Association website
• Civil Defence Ireland
• Isle of Man Civil Defence
• The Civil Defence Project - History & Photos
• A Brief History of Civil Defence
• National Library of Scotland: SCOTTISH SCREEN ARCHIVE (selection of archive films relating to civil defence in Scotland)