Cystiscidae

Cystiscidae
Drawing of the shell of Cystiscus cystiscus.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda clade Hypsogastropoda clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Muricoidea
Family:	Cystiscidae Stimpson, 1865[1]

Cystiscidae is a taxonomic family of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks.

Description

The shell is minute to large, either white, uniformly colored, or patterned; the surface is smooth, sculptured, or axially costate; the spire is flat to immersed, or low to tall; the protoconch is paucispiral; the lip is thickened, smooth or denticulate; an external varix is present or absent; a siphonal notch is present or absent; a posterior notch is present or absent; the columella is multiplicate, internal whorls cystiscid or modified cystiscid type. Mantle cavity with monopectinate ctenidium and bipectinate osphradium. Proboscis pleurembolic; jaws absent; typical radular sac present.

Taxonomy

The family was erected by William Stimpson for a single included species based on unusual features of the head and radula. Subsequent authors included this group in the family Marginellidae.

Coan (1965)^[2] recognized this group as a subfamily, but he did not include such genera as Gibberula, Persicula, and Canalispira. Rule of priority of the ICZN require that the name Cystiscidae must be used, but this is unfortunate because the type specimen of the type species is lost, and that species is poorly known.

2005 taxonomy

The family Cystiscidae consists of four subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):^[3]

• Cystiscinae Stimpson, 1865
• Granulininae Coovert & Coovert, 1995^[4]
• Persiculinae Coovert & Coovert, 1995^[4]
• Plesiocystiscinae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995^[4]

Genera

Genera within the family Cystiscidae include:

Cystiscinae

• † Topaginella Laseron, 1957:288
• Cystiscus Stimpson, 1865:55
• Crithe Gould, 1860:384
• Extra Jousseaume, 1894:98,101 - with the only species Extra extra Jousseaume, 1894; M
• Intelcystiscus Ortea and Espinosa, 2001
• Inbiocystiscus Ortea and Espinosa, 2001
• Ticocystiscus Espinosa and Ortea, 2002

Granulininae

• Granulina Jousseaume, 1888:191
• Pugnus Hedley, 1896:105-106
• Paolaura Smiriglio & Mariottini, 2001

Persiculinae

• Persicula Schumacher, 1817
• Gibberula Swainson, 1840
• Canalispira Jousseaume, 1875:168,270
• Furcilla Espinosa & Ortea, 2000
  • Furcilla tica Espinosa & Ortea, 2000; OD

Plesiocystiscinae

• Plesiocystiscus Coovert & Coovert, 1995:66

Abbreviations:

• (M) - original designation by monotype
• OD - original designation
• OD (M) - original designation as type species, but also monotypic
• SD - subsequent designation as type
• SD (M) - subsequent designation as type species, but also monotypic
• T - original designation by tautonomy

Comparisons of shells of the genera:

• 

  Plesiocystiscus
• 

  Cystiscus
• 

  Crithe
• 

  Extra extra
• 

  Persicula
• 

  Gibberula
• 

  Canalispira
• 

  Furcilla
• 

  Granulina
• 

  Pugnus

References

1. ^ Stimpson W. (1865). "On certain genera and families of zoophagous gastropods". American Journal of Conchology 1(1): 55-64, plates 8-9.
2. ^ Coan E. (1965). "A proposed reclassification of the family Marginellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda)". The Veliger 7(3): 184-193. page 186.
3. ^ Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdés Á. & Warén A. (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks) 47 (1-2): 1–397. ISBN 3925919724. ISSN 0076-2997. http://www.archive.org/details/malacologia47122005inst. 
4. ^ ^{a b c} Coovert G. A. & Coovert H. K. (1995). "Revision of the Supraspecific Classification of Marginelliform Gastrapods". The Nautilus 109(2&3): 43-110, page 66, 70, 73.

• Carpenter P. P. (1857) (1855-1857). Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells in the British Museum collected by Frederick Reigen. London:xvi+552 pp. (July 1855 - June 1857, each part dated at foot of first page)
• Espinosa J & Ortea J. (2000). "Descripción de un género y once especies nuevas de Cystiscidae y Marginellidae (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) del Caribe de Costa Rica". Aviccenia (12/13): 95-114.
• Espinosa J & Ortea J. (2002). "Nuevas especies de margineliformes de Cuba, Bahamas y el Mar Caribe de Costa Rica". Avicennia 15: 101-128.
• Gould A. A. (1860). "Descriptions of shells collected in the North Pacific Exploring Expedition under Captains Ringold and Rogers. One part." Proceedings Boston Society Natural History 7: 382-385.
• Laseron C. F. (1957). "A new classification of the Australian Marginellidae (Mollusca), with a review of species from the Solanderian and Dampierian zoogeographical provinces". Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8(3): 274-311.
• Nevill G. & Nevill H. (1874). "Descriptions of new Mollusca from the Indian Ocean". Journal Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol. XLIII, Part II.
• Ortea J. & Espinosa J. (2001). "Intelcystiscus e Inbiocystiscus (Mollusca: Neogastrópoda: Cystiscidae) dos nuevos géneros del Atlántico occidental tropical". Avicennia 14: 107-114.
• Smiriglio C. & Mariottini P. (2001). "Description of Paolaura gen. nov. and of three new species of Cystiscidae from the Indian Ocean". La Conchiglia 299: 11-17.
• Shumacher C. F. (1817). Essai d´un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés. Copenhagen, iv+287 pp., 22 plts.
• Swainson W. (1840). A treatise on malacology, or the natural classification of shells and shellfish. London, pp. 1-419, text figs. (Marginellidae: 323-324 in part 2)

External links

• The Academy of Natural Sciences. A Database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca