Gamma-synuclein

Synuclein, gamma (breast cancer-specific protein 1), also known as SNCG, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SNCG synuclein, gamma (breast cancer-specific protein 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6623| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
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summary_text = Synuclein-gamma is a member of the synuclein family of proteins which are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. High levels of SNCG have been identified in advanced breast carcinomas suggesting a correlation between overexpression of SNCG and breast tumor development.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SNCG synuclein, gamma (breast cancer-specific protein 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6623| accessdate = ] Gamma-synuclein is a synuclein protein found primarily in the peripheral nervous system (in primary sensory neurons, sympathetic neurons, and motor neurons) and retina.George, JM. (2001) The synucleins. "Genome Biology" 3(1):reviews3002.1-3002.6. PMID 11806835] It is also detected in the brain, ovarian tumors, and in the olfactory epithelium. Gamma-synuclein is the least conserved of the synuclein proteins. [Lavedan C. (1998) The synuclein family. Genome Res. 8(9):871-880. PMID 9750188.]

Gamma-Synucleins expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression [Bruening W, Giasson BI, Klein-Szanto AJ, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Godwin AK. (2000) Synucleins are expressed in the majority of breast and ovarian carcinomas and in preneoplastic lesions of the ovary. Cancer 88(9):2154-2163. PMID 10813729] as mammalian gamma-synuclein was first identified as breast cancer-specific gene 1 (BCSG1). A change in the expression of gamma-synuclein has been observed in the retina of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The normal cellular function of gamma-synuclein remains unknown.

ee also

*Synuclein

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=George JM |title=The synucleins. |journal=Genome Biol. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= REVIEWS3002 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11806835 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ji H, Liu YE, Jia T, "et al." |title=Identification of a breast cancer-specific gene, BCSG1, by direct differential cDNA sequencing. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=57 |issue= 4 |pages= 759–64 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9044857 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, "et al." |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ninkina NN, Alimova-Kost MV, Paterson JW, "et al." |title=Organization, expression and polymorphism of the human persyn gene. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=7 |issue= 9 |pages= 1417–24 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9700196 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lavedan C, Leroy E, Dehejia A, "et al." |title=Identification, localization and characterization of the human gamma-synuclein gene. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=103 |issue= 1 |pages= 106–12 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9737786 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Buchman VL, Hunter HJ, Pinõn LG, "et al." |title=Persyn, a member of the synuclein family, has a distinct pattern of expression in the developing nervous system. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 22 |pages= 9335–41 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9801372 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lavedan C, Buchholtz S, Auburger G, "et al." |title=Absence of mutation in the beta- and gamma-synuclein genes in familial autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=5 |issue= 6 |pages= 401–2 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10048491 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Surguchov A, Surgucheva I, Solessio E, Baehr W |title=Synoretin--A new protein belonging to the synuclein family. |journal=Mol. Cell. Neurosci. |volume=13 |issue= 2 |pages= 95–103 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10192768 |doi= 10.1006/mcne.1999.0735
*cite journal | author=Duda JE, Shah U, Arnold SE, "et al." |title=The expression of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synucleins in olfactory mucosa from patients with and without neurodegenerative diseases. |journal=Exp. Neurol. |volume=160 |issue= 2 |pages= 515–22 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10619569 |doi= 10.1006/exnr.1999.7228
*cite journal | author=Souza JM, Giasson BI, Lee VM, Ischiropoulos H |title=Chaperone-like activity of synucleins. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=474 |issue= 1 |pages= 116–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10828462 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Pronin AN, Morris AJ, Surguchov A, Benovic JL |title=Synucleins are a novel class of substrates for G protein-coupled receptor kinases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 34 |pages= 26515–22 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10852916 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M003542200
*cite journal | author=Galvin JE, Schuck TM, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ |title=Differential expression and distribution of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synuclein in the developing human substantia nigra. |journal=Exp. Neurol. |volume=168 |issue= 2 |pages= 347–55 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11259122 |doi= 10.1006/exnr.2000.7615
*cite journal | author=Surguchov A, Palazzo RE, Surgucheva I |title=Gamma synuclein: subcellular localization in neuronal and non-neuronal cells and effect on signal transduction. |journal=Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton |volume=49 |issue= 4 |pages= 218–28 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11746666 |doi= 10.1002/cm.1035
*cite journal | author=Uversky VN, Li J, Souillac P, "et al." |title=Biophysical properties of the synucleins and their propensities to fibrillate: inhibition of alpha-synuclein assembly by beta- and gamma-synucleins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 14 |pages= 11970–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11812782 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M109541200
*cite journal | author=Lu A, Zhang F, Gupta A, Liu J |title=Blockade of AP1 transactivation abrogates the abnormal expression of breast cancer-specific gene 1 in breast cancer cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 35 |pages= 31364–72 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12072430 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M201060200
*cite journal | author=Pan ZZ, Bruening W, Giasson BI, "et al." |title=Gamma-synuclein promotes cancer cell survival and inhibits stress- and chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis by modulating MAPK pathways. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 38 |pages= 35050–60 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12121974 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M201650200
*cite journal | author=Li QX, Campbell BC, McLean CA, "et al." |title=Platelet alpha- and gamma-synucleins in Parkinson's disease and normal control subjects. |journal=J. Alzheimers Dis. |volume=4 |issue= 4 |pages= 309–15 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12446933 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, "et al." |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899

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