Synuclein

Synuclein

Pfam_box
Symbol = Synuclein
Name = Synuclein


width =
caption =
Pfam= PF01387
InterPro= IPR001058
SMART=
Prosite =
SCOP =
TCDB =
OPM family= 159
OPM protein= 1xq8
PDB=PDB3|1xq8A:1-132

Synuclein is a small, soluble protein primarily expressed in neural tissue and in certain tumors.

ynuclein family

The synuclein family includes three known proteins: Alpha-synuclein, Beta-synuclein, and Gamma-synuclein. Interest in the synuclein family began when alpha-synuclein was found to be mutated in several families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. [Lavedan C. (1998) The synuclein family. Genome Res. 8(9):871-880. PMID 9750188.]

All synucleins have in common a highly conserved alpha-helical lipid-binding motif with similarity to the class-A2 lipid-binding domains of the exchangeable apolipoproteins. Synuclein family members are not found outside vertebrates, although they have some conserved structural similarity with plant 'late-embryo-abundant' proteins. [George, JM. (2001) The synucleins. "Genome Biology" 3(1):reviews3002.1-3002.6. PMID 11806835]

Biological functions

Normal cellular functions have not been determined for any of the synuclein proteins. Some data suggest a role in the regulation of membrane stability and/or turnover. Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. [Goedart M. (2001) Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neuroscience 2(7):492-501. PMID 11433374] The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression. [Bruening W, Giasson BI, Klein-Szanto AJ, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Godwin AK. (2000) Synucleins are expressed in the majority of breast and ovarian carcinomas and in preneoplastic lesions of the ovary. Cancer 88(9):2154-2163. PMID 10813729]

ubfamilies

*Alpha-synuclein InterPro|IPR002460
*Beta-synuclein InterPro|IPR002461
*Gamma-synuclein InterPro|IPR002462

Human proteins containing this domain

SNCA; SNCB; SNCG;

References

Further reading

* [1] . The synuclein family. Lavedan C; Genome Res 1998;8:871-880. PMID|9750188
* [2] . The synucleins. George JM; Genome Biol 2002;3:REVIEWS3002. PMID|11806835

References

External links

*


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  • synuclein — sy·nuc·le·in (sĭ nooґkle in) a family of abundant, structurally related brain proteins of uncertain function, comprising three types designated α, β, and γ. Abnormal aggregations of α synuclein are characteristic of… …   Medical dictionary

  • synuclein — noun A small, soluble protein primarily expressed in neural tissue and in certain tumors. See Also: synucleopathy …   Wiktionary

  • Beta-synuclein — Synuclein, beta, also known as SNCB, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SNCB synuclein, beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene Cmd=ShowDetailView TermToSearch=6620| accessdate = ] PBB Summary section title =… …   Wikipedia

  • Gamma-synuclein — Synuclein, gamma (breast cancer specific protein 1), also known as SNCG, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SNCG synuclein, gamma (breast cancer specific protein 1)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene… …   Wikipedia

  • Alpha-synuclein — is a synuclein protein of unknown function primarily found in neural tissue, where it is seen mainly in presynaptic terminals. It is predominantly expressed in the neocortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra, thalamus, and cerebellum. It is… …   Wikipedia

  • α-Synuclein — Α Synuclein …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Alpha-Synuclein — α Synuclein (auch α Synuklein) ist ein kleines, lösliches, präsynaptisches Protein aus der Familie der Synucleine.[1][2] Es wurde im menschlichen Gehirn als Vorstufe des nicht Amyloid β Proteins identifiziert. Wissenschaftler des US… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Α-Synuclein — (auch α Synuklein) ist ein kleines, lösliches, präsynaptisches Protein aus der Familie der Synucleine.[1][2] Es wurde im menschlichen Gehirn als Vorstufe des nicht Amyloid β Proteins identifiziert. Wissenschaftler des US amerikanischen National… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • alpha-synuclein — Protein that accumulates in the brain in Parkinson&’s disease particularly in Lewy bodies. Mutations in the gene are associated with some familial forms of Parkinsonism …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • SNCAIP — Synuclein, alpha interacting protein (synphilin), also known as SNCAIP, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SNCAIP synuclein, alpha interacting protein (synphilin)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene… …   Wikipedia

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