Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker

Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker
Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker
Male
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Dicaeidae
Genus: Dicaeum
Species: D. cruentatum
Binomial name
Dicaeum cruentatum
(Linnaeus, 1758)

The Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker (Dicaeum cruentatum) is a species of passerine bird in the flowerpecker family Dicaeidae. Sexually dimorphic, the male has navy blue upperparts with a bright red streak down its back from its crown to its tail coverts, while the female and juvenile are predominantly olive green. It is found in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and occasionally gardens in a number of countries throughout South and East Asia.

Contents

Taxonomy

The Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker was originally described by Linnaeus in 1758 in the 10th edition of his work Systema Naturae, with the binomial name of Certhia cruentata among the treecreepers.[1] It was later reclassified into the flowerpecker genus Dicaeum. The specific epithet cruentatum 'bloodstained' is derived from the Latin verb crǔentare 'to stain with blood'.[2] Genetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA of 70% of flowerpecker species showed the Scarlet-backed and Black-fronted Flowerpecker (D. igniferum) - which is endemic to the Indonesian Lesser Sunda Islands - to be each other's closest relative; the males of both species have red plumage on their backs.[3]

Description

Measuring 9 cm (3.5 in) and weighing 7 to 8 grams (0.25 to 0.28 oz), the Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker is a small bird with a short tail. It exhibits sexual dimorphism. The male has a navy blue face, wings and tail, with a broad bright red stripe from its crown to its upper tail coverts. The female is predominantly olive green with a black tail and scarlet upper tail coverts and rump. Both sexes have creamy white underparts, black eyes and legs, and a dark grey arched bill. The juvenile has plumage similar to the female but has an orange bill and lacks the bright red rump.[4]

Distribution and habitat

It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. No global population studies have been undertaken; it is thought to be common throughout most of its range particular in Thailand, although it is considered rare in Bhutan and Nepal.[5] It is found up to 1000 m (3500 ft), in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, wooded areas and gardens.[4] In the north of its range, it is found in southeastern China to Fujian (as the subspecies Dicaeum c. cruentatum).[4] It has been recorded from both native and plantation forest in West Bengal in India.[6]

Feeding

It has been observed feeding on the figs of Ficus fistulosa and F. grossularoides in Bukit Timah Nature Reserve in Singapore.[7] It visits Syzygium jambos in urban Hong Kong.[8]

Breeding

The Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker weaves its pouch-shaped nest hanging from a branch high up in a tree. The nest has a side entrance, typical for those of the flowerpecker family.[9]

References

A male photographed in Singapore
  1. ^ (Latin) Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.. Holmiae. (Laurentii Salvii).. p. 119. 
  2. ^ Simpson DP (1979). Cassell's Latin Dictionary (5 ed.). London: Cassell Ltd.. p. 159. ISBN 0-304-52257-0. 
  3. ^ Nyária, Árpád S.; Peterson, A. Townsend ; Rice, Nathan H.; Moyle, Robert G. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships of flowerpeckers (Aves: Dicaeidae): Novel insights into the evolution of a tropical passerine clade". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53 (3): 613–19. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.06.014. PMID 19576993. 
  4. ^ a b c Brazil, Mark (2009). Birds of East Asia. A&C Black. pp. 444. ISBN 0713670401. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=SS4_WkC2Pc8C&pg=PA444&dq=Scarlet-backed+Flowerpecker&hl=en&ei=y9lVTpWSO5PUiAKCvM3KCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-preview-link&resnum=7&ved=0CEkQuwUwBg#v=onepage&q=Scarlet-backed%20Flowerpecker&f=false. 
  5. ^ "Dicaeum cruentatum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. BirdLife International. 2009. http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/148965/0. Retrieved August 26, 2011. 
  6. ^ S. SIVAKUMAR, JEEJO VARGHESE and VIBHU PRAKASH (2006). "Abundance of birds in different habitats in Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, Indi". Forktail 22: 128–33. http://orientalbirdclub.org/publications/forktail/22pdfs/Sivakumar-Buxa.pdf. 
  7. ^ Peh, Kelvin S.-H.; Chong, Fong Lin (2003). "Seed dispersal agents of two Ficus species in a disturbed tropical forest". Ornithological Science 2: 119–25. http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/osj/2/2/119/_pdf. 
  8. ^ Corlett, Richard T. (2005). "Interactions between birds, fruit bats and exotic plants in urban Hong Kong, South China". Urban Ecosystems 8 (3–4): 275–283. doi:10.1007/s11252-005-3260-x.  edit
  9. ^ Strange, Morten (2000). Photographic Guide to the Birds of Southeast Asia. Singapore: Periplus. p. 365. ISBN 962-593-403-0. 

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • scarlet-backed flowerpecker — raudonnugaris žiedsiurbys statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Dicaeum cruentatum angl. scarlet backed flowerpecker vok. Scharlachmistelfresser, m rus. огненноспинный цветоед, m pranc. dicée à dos rouge, m ryšiai: platesnis… …   Paukščių pavadinimų žodynas

  • flowerpecker — /flow euhr pek euhr/, n. any of numerous small, arboreal, usually brightly colored oscine birds of the family Dicaeidae, of southeastern Asia and Australia. [1880 85; FLOWER + PECKER] * * * ▪ bird  any of 47 species belonging to the songbird… …   Universalium

  • Fire-breasted Flowerpecker — Male of nominate race, Nepal Conservation status …   Wikipedia

  • List of Asian birds — This list of Asian birds is a listing of all the bird species known from the continent of Asia.NotesThe taxonomy of this list adheres to James Clements Birds of the World: A Checklist , and reflects all changes to that work until July, 2005.… …   Wikipedia

  • Sibley-Monroe checklist 17 — The Sibley Monroe checklist was a landmark document in the study of birds. It drew on extensive DNA DNA hybridisation studies to reassess the relationships between modern birds. Passeriformes (continued)Alaudidae* Mirafra passerina Monotonous… …   Wikipedia

  • List of birds of Malaysia — This is a list of the bird species recorded in Malaysia. The avifauna of Malaysia includes a total of 781 species, of which 10 are endemic, 3 have been introduced by humans, and 10 are rare or accidental. 45 species are globally threatened.This… …   Wikipedia

  • List of birds of Burma — This is a list of the bird species recorded in Burma. The avifauna of Burma includes a total of 1062 species, of which 6 are endemic, 2 have been introduced by humans, and 10 are rare or accidental. 1 species listed is extirpated in Burma and is… …   Wikipedia

  • List of birds of Brunei — This is a list of the bird species recorded in Brunei. The avifauna of Brunei includes a total of 456 species, of which 4 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 1 is rare or accidental. 25 species are globally threatened.This list s… …   Wikipedia

  • List of birds of India — This is a list of the bird species recorded in India. The avifauna of India includes a total of 1301 species, of which 42 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 26 are rare or accidental. One species has been extirpated in India and 82 …   Wikipedia

  • Dicee — Dicée Nom vernaculaire ou nom normalisé ambigu : Le terme « dicée » s applique, en français, à plusieurs taxons distincts. dicée …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”