Mountain Swiftlet

Mountain Swiftlet
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Apodiformes
Family:	Apodidae
Genus:	Aerodramus
Species:	A. hirundinaceus
Binomial name
Aerodramus hirundinaceus Stresemann, 1914
Synonyms
Collocalia hirundinacea

The Mountain Swiftlet (Aerodramus hirundinaceus) is a species of swift in the family Apodidae. It is endemic to the island of New Guinea and the nearby islands of Karkar, Yapen and Goodenough. It was once placed in the genus Collocalia but has been moved, with many others, to Aerodramus. The species is divided into three subspecies,^[2] with the nominate, A. h. hirundinacea ranging over most of New Guinea, the subspecies A. h. excelsus occurring over 1600 m in the Snow Mountains and Cartenz peaks of Irian Jaya and A. h. baru being restricted to Yapen Island.^[3] It occurs in alpine areas from 500 m to the treeline. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests and other mountainous habitats in New Guinea. It also occurs in lower numbers in the lowlands near hills.

The Mountain Swiftlet is a medium sized swiftlet, 11-13 cm long. It has dark brown upperparts and paler grey undersides. The tail is slightly forked. The subspecies vary slightly from the nominate race, A. h. baru has browner underparts and darker upperparts, while A. h. excelsus is larger than the nominate race. Like other members of the genus this species is able to echolocate, a trait it uses to navigate itself in the caves it breeds in.

Like the rest of its genus it breeds in caves, constructing nests of vegetation such as ferns, rootlets and grasses, or lichens, held together with saliva.^[4] They are colonial, but the caves examined so far do not suggest that they nest densely. The peak of the breeding season is October through to December, but there are occupied nests through most of the year. The clutch size is a single egg for this species. The nestling period, between 57-74 days, is one of the longer chick raising periods of any swifts. This is counteracted by a comparatively high breeding success rate, with 61% of Mountain Swiftlets successfully raising chicks.^[4]

References

1. ^ BirdLife International (2004). Collocalia hirundinacea. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 24 July 2007.
2. ^ ITIS standard report page for Aerodramus
3. ^ Chantler, P. (1999) "Family Apodidae (Swifts) in del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A. & Sargatal, J. (editors). (1999). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 5: Barn-Owls to Hummingbirds. Lynx Edicions. ISBN 8487334253 P. 428.
4. ^ ^{a b} Tarburton, Michael K. (2003) "The breeding biology of the Mountain Swiftlet, Aerodramus hirundinaceus, in Irian Jaya" Emu 103 (2): 177 - 182 doi:10.1071/MU00081