Retroviral Psi packaging element

Retroviral Psi packaging element is a cis-acting RNA element identified in the genomes of the retroviruses Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). It is involved in regulating encapsidation of the retroviral RNA, an essential step in replication cite journal | author = McBride MS, Panganiban AT | title = Position dependence of functional hairpins important for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA encapsidation in vivo | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 71 | issue = 3 | pages = 2050–8 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9032337 | doi = ] cite journal | author = McBride MS, Schwartz MD, Panganiban AT | title = Efficient encapsidation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vectors and further characterization of cis elements required for encapsidation | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 71 | issue = 6 | pages = 4544–54 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9151848 | doi = ] cite journal | author = McBride MS, Panganiban AT | title = The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 encapsidation site is a multipartite RNA element composed of functional hairpin structures | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 70 | issue = 5 | pages = 2963–73 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8627772 | doi = ] . This RNA element is known to have a secondary structure composed of four hairpins called SL1 to SL4 (SL is for Stem-loop). It has been shown that SL1 may provide a secondary binding site for the viral Rev protein cite journal | author = Gallego J, Greatorex J, Zhang H, "et al" | title = Rev binds specifically to a purine loop in the SL1 region of the HIV-1 leader RNA | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 278 | issue = 41 | pages = 40385–91 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12851400 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M301041200] . Each of the stem loops SL1 cite journal | author = Lawrence DC, Stover CC, Noznitsky J, Wu Z, Summers MF | title = Structure of the intact stem and bulge of HIV-1 Psi-RNA stem-loop SL1 | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 326 | issue = 2 | pages = 529–42 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12559920 | doi = ] , SL2 cite journal | author = Amarasinghe GK, De Guzman RN, Turner RB, Chancellor KJ, Wu ZR, Summers MF | title = NMR structure of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein bound to stem-loop SL2 of the psi-RNA packaging signal. Implications for genome recognition | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 301 | issue = 2 | pages = 491–511 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10926523 | doi = 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3979] , SL3 cite journal | author = Pappalardo L, Kerwood DJ, Pelczer I, Borer PN | title = Three-dimensional folding of an RNA hairpin required for packaging HIV-1 | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 282 | issue = 4 | pages = 801–18 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9743628 | doi = 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2046] and SL4 cite journal | author = Kerwood DJ, Cavaluzzi MJ, Borer PN | title = Structure of SL4 RNA from the HIV-1 packaging signal | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 40 | issue = 48 | pages = 14518–29 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11724565 | doi = ] has been independently expressed and structurally characterised.

References

ee also

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 dimerization initiation site

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 major splice donor

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 stem-loop 3 Psi packaging signal

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 stem-loop 4 packaging signal

External links

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