- Dudeştii Noi
Infobox Settlement
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = ROU
timezone=EET
utc_offset=+2
timezone_DST=EEST
utc_offset_DST=+3
map_caption = Location of Dudeştii Noi
|official_name=Dudeştii Noi
subdivision_type1=County
subdivision_name1=Timiş County
|subdivision_type2=Status
subdivision_name2=Autolink|Town
settlement_type=Commune|
leader_title=Mayor
leader_name=Alin Adrian Nica
leader_party=PNL
area_total_km2=53.96
population_as_of=2008
population_total=2501
latd=45|latm=50|lats=|latNS=N|longd=21|longm=6|longs=|longEW=E
website=http://comunadudestiinoi.ro/index.php/Dudeştii Noi (German: "Neubeschenowa", Hungarian: "Ujbesenyö") is a commune in
Timiş County ,Banat ,Romania .Geography
Dudeştii Noi is situated at the south-eastern part of the
Banat ianmoorland as part of theGreat Hungarian Plain , 84–99 m abovesea level . The village has a population of 2,501, with 46 inhabitants perkm² (both status 2008) on an area of 54 km², and is located off rural highway no. 6Timişoara –Sânnicolau Mare , 13 km north-west ofTimişoara , with railway access since the end of the 19th century. Dudeştii Noi hascontinental climate , with cold winters and hot summers, as well as short springs. The average annual temperature is 10.6°C . The farmlands are highly fertile and haveLoess soil with a lowwater table . The "Post Code" is 307041.History
Dacians , Romans,Goths ,Huns ,Gepids , Awars,Serbs ,Slovenes ,Mongols and Turks attacked or settled in theBanat over the centuries while thrusting aside or annihilating each other in mutual confrontations. The name of the village, "Bessenovo", originated from an earlier settlement by thePechenegs . It was first documented in the papal registers in 1333. In 1551, the Ottomans entered the Banat. The occupation only ended whenPrince Eugene of Savoy and theAustria n troops took Timişoara onOctober 13 ,1756 . By now the whole area had become depopulated, impoverished and marshy. In theTreaty of Passarowitz theBanat of Temeswar was subordinated to the "Hofkammer" inVienna as crown land of theKaiser onJuly 21 ,1718 . Field Marshal Claudius Florimund Count de Mercy was assigned in 1720 with the administration, reclamation and administration of the Banat. Initially he recruitedimmigrant s predominantly from his native country Lorraine for the province entrusted in his care. The Lorrainian Johann Oßwald, living in the Banat since 20 years already, recruited 60 German-Lorrainian families (290 souls) from the area aroundMainz andTrier to settle in Beschenowa. 1748, as part of the "Great Swabian Migrations" of theDanube-Swabians , this first group of voluntary Imperial colonists arrived, most of which came on floats called "Ulmer Schachtel" traveling on the riverDanube from the German town ofUlm for about two or three weeks. 1750 a further group of settlers arrived. The name of "Neubeschenowa" was adopted to distinguish the village from Altbeschenowa, BulgarianDudeştii Vechi , also located in the Banat. Following the unrests by the "Salpeters" in the shire ofHauenstein ,Black Forest , several families were deported by force and resettled in Neubeschenowa. Several decommissioned soldiers also settled in the community in 1763. The family ofHabsburg-Lorraine signed over politically the "Banat of Temeswar" toHungary in 1778.August 9th, 1849 saw the deciding battle of the Hungarian Revolutionary War close to Neubeschenowa. 30,000 soldiers of the Austrian army with 108
cannon s, lead by CountJulius Jacob von Haynau met at the Nyarad Creek the 55,000 soldiers and 108 cannons strong Hungarian army under the command of the GeneralsHenryk Dembiński andJózef Bem . The victory of the Austrian troops ended thesiege of Temeswars after 107 days, and the Banat becomes Austrian crown land once again. Following theAusgleich between Austria and Hungary in 1867, the Banat andTransylvania come under Hungarian rule again. 325 emigrants left Neubeschenowa for North America 1906–1908, of which 65 returned later. The emigrants transferred 375,000 Kronen back home.During
World War I , 127 persons died or weremissing in action . Following the collapse of thek.u.k. monarchy , theBanat Republic was proclaimed in 1918. In 1918–1919 (confirmed by theTreaty of Versailles of 1919 andTreaty of Trianon of 1920), most of the Banat and Neubeschenowa became now part of Romania. The first National Socialist labour camp of theHitler Youth of Banat was held in Neubeschenowa during the summer of 1933. DuringWorld War II , 37 men die in the service of the Romanian army, and 83 men in the German Army. After Romania changed sides and joined the Allies, 19 families fled in September 1944, and all remaining inhabitants were evacuated to the neighbouring community of "St. Andreas" during September 29th – October 10th. During the organisedExpulsion of Germans from Romania after World War II , 297 men and women were deported for reconstruction works toUkraine in January and February 1945, of which 68 died in the coal mines as forced labourers. The remaining German population was expropriated. The first Romanian colonists arrived in July, and in 1947 almost every house in Neubeschenowa was occupied by Romanians. 1951–1956 saw the deportation of 62 families to theBărăgan Plain to a makeshiftshanty town by the name of Bumbacâri [http://www.uihei.com/BarMapA.jpg] , north-east ofBucureşti , after theSoviet model of theGulag . 22 of the 170 deported did not return.Following the "Family Reunion Treaty" between
Germany and Romania in 1978, and later after the fall of the Ceauşescu regime in December 1989, most of the Danube Swabian/German population of Neubeschenowa left in 2 large waves of emigration, mainly to Germany. The community participated actively in the events that lead to theRomanian Revolution of 1989 . Since 2004, "Alin Adrian Nica", member of the Partidul Naţional Liberal ("PNL"), is Mayor of Dudeştii Noi.Development of Population
Religious sites
=Roman Catholic coor dms|45|50|23|N|21|06|02|E|region:RO-TM_type:landmark|name=catholic church Neubeschenowa =In 1334 the first rectory was founded, which was restaurated in 1749. In 1750–1751 the church was built.
Patron saint of theparish was Saint Wendelin. In 1751 the first cemetery was consecrated. Since 1754, the parish celebrated the religious holidays of SaintWendelin of Trier, SaintRoch ofMontpellier , SaintJohn of Nepomuk ,Saint Quirinus of Tegernsee, and theSacred Heart of Jesus devotion. 1764 acquisition of the first organ at a cost of 150Guilder . 1765 the firstchurch bell was cast inGraz , in the honour ofSaint George . 1767 saw the first church clock. 1780 the parish acquired three new church bells. 1784 both church and rectory were renovated. 1818 three new church bells were acquired, for 2,800 guilders. In 1824 the foundation stone of the new rectory was laid. In 1832 a new organ was bought, cost: 5,000 guilders. In 1857 the metal "Cross" was placed in front of the church. Thieves looted the rectory in the same year and escaped with 1,074 guilders. The church was renovated again in 1997, but then damaged through bad weather during the summer of 1998. In 1838 a new cemetery was consecrated, followed by the construction of theChapel of Saint Roch in 1844.
=Orthodox coor dms|45|50|03|N|21|06|20|E|region:RO-TM_type:landmark|name=orthodox church Neubeschenowa =In 1971 the church dedicated to Saint
Demetrius of Thessaloniki was constructed.Other sites
* 1834 a new school building was constructed by "Wilhelm Quiring" of "Neu-Arad", cost: 2,439 guilders.
* 1915 aZeppelin hangar was built on the common grasslands of the community. After the retreat of the German troops the hangar was improperly demounted by civilians and, as a result, collapsed onMay 15 ,1919 , causing several casualties and 5 dead.Traditions
The "Heimatortsgemeinschaft (HOG) Neubeschenowa", the "Home Town Community", upholds the German traditions of Neubeschenowa. The goals of the association are to foster relations between original residents and fellow countrymen living abroad, as well as to preserve traditional customs. The community meets regularly since 1957, and biannually since 1981 in the area of
Augsburg , Germany. Holy Masses are said and Church Services are held during those gatherings, followed by traditional "Church Consecration Festival" ("Kirchweih", "Kerweih") dance presentations and parades in traditional costumes, to the tunes of traditional oompah-style brass bands.Personalities
*
Chiquita Mischke , Superintendant "Haus Lebensquell" [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiquita_Mischke]
*Josef Nischbach , Professor ofTheology ,Vicar Capitular undPapal Prelate [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Nischbach]
*Johann Heinrich Schwicker , Hungaro-German Historian [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Heinrich_Schwicker]Literature
* Petri, Dr. Anton Peter - Neubeschenowa: Geschichte e. moselfränk. Gemeinde im rumän. Banat, Pannonia-Verlag, 1963
* Petri, Dr. Anton Peter, Biographisches Lexikon des Banater Deutschtums, 1992, 2198 Sp., Marquartstein (Th. Breit).
* Diplich, Hans - Deutsches Bauernleben im Banat. Hausbuch des Mathias Siebold aus Neubeschenowa, München, Südostdeutsches Kulturwerk 1957
* Chronik Neubeschenowa - Ein Banater Dorf im Wandel der ZeitExternal links
* ENG - [http://www.dvhh.org/neubeschenowa Neubeschenowa in Banat]
* ENG - [http://www.neidenbach-net.de/banat/hog/nbesch/nbesch.html History Neubeschenowa as per Dr. Anton Peter Petri]
* GER - [http://www.neubeschenowa.de Virtuelles Neubeschenowa]
* GER - [http://www.banaterra.eu/deutsch/N/Neubeschenowa/index.htm BANATerra – Banat Enzyklopädie]
* ROM - [http://comunadudestiinoi.ro/ Comuna Dudeştii Noi]Pictures
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.