Orthacanthus

Orthacanthus Temporal range: Lower Carboniferous - Permian
Orthacanthus senckenbergianus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Subclass:	Elasmobranchii
Superorder:	Euselachii
Order:	Xenacanthida
Family:	Orthacanthidae
Genus:	Orthacanthus Agassiz, 1843
Species
See text.

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A tricuspid Orthacanthus tooth from Bolsovian shale at Whitehaven, Cumbria, England [1]. Found by K & C Paxton

Fragmented orthacanthus teeth from the Halgaito shale of Arizona, USA, showing typical crescent-shaped bicuspids.

Orthacanthus

Orthacanthus is an extinct genus of fresh-water shark from a family of prehistoric sharks known as Xenacanths. Members of the genus had a long spine growing from the back of their skull and a very long dorsal fin, which ran all along its back giving it an eel-like appearance.

About 260 million years ago, Orthacanthus was the terror of freshwater swamps and bayous in Europe and North America. Its body reached nearly 10 feet (3 meters) in length and its powerful jaws were lined with double-fanged teeth. They first appeared almost 400 million years ago in the Devonian, and became extinct just before the Mesozoic, about 225 million years ago.

Species

• Orthacanthus arcuatus (Newberry, 1856)
• Orthacanthus cylindricus (Agassiz, 1843)
• Orthacanthus senckenbergianus

References