Cine City, Withington

Cine City
Cine City in 2004
Former names	The Scala; Scala Electric Palace; Scala Palace Cinema.[1]
General information
Type	Cinema
Architectural style	Tudor Revival.[1]
Location	494 Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3BG[2]
Coordinates	53°26′01″N 2°13′45″W / 53.43361°N 2.22917°W / 53.43361; -2.22917Coordinates: 53°26′01″N 2°13′45″W / 53.43361°N 2.22917°W / 53.43361; -2.22917
Completed	1912
Demolished	2008
Design and construction
Owner	Mohammad Jamil; Arrows International Limited[3]

Cine City was a cinema in Withington, Manchester, England located at 494 Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester, M20 3BG. It opened in 1912 as The Scala, and was the third cinema to open in Britain. During the 1930s, cinemas became increasingly popular; The Scala was one of 109 cinemas in Manchester at its peak.

The road outside was hit by a small bomb during the Second World War, but the cinema (which was showing several films at the time) survived with only minor damage. After the war, television led to a decline in cinema attendances, and by 1965, only 40 cinemas remained in Manchester. Cine City closed in July 2001, making it the third-longest running cinema in England.

By 2005 the building was in a bad state of repair, and was threatened with demolition. Heritage groups succeeded in winning a stay of execution, but the cinema was demolished in spring 2008. A replacement building is planned for the site.

History

The cinema opened in 1912 as "The Scala". It was the third cinema to open in Britain,^[4] and by the time of its closure in 2001 it was the third longest-running cinema in the country.^[5] It was fitted with 675 seats in three cinema screens.^[1] Before the advent of "talkies", the Scala had a resident female cinema pianist,^[6] and the conductor Sir John Barbirolli once played the piano to accompany the silent films.^[7] During the 1930s the popularity of the new "picture houses" grew rapidly, with 109 in Manchester at its peak. Many people visited The Scala three or four times a week. The craze for cinema-going was seen by some as a social ill of its time; school teachers complained that pupils were not doing their homework because they were spending too much time at the cinema.^[6] One regular movie-goer at the cinema in the 1920s was Robert Donat, a local boy who went on to become an Oscar-winning actor.^[8]

During the Manchester Blitz of World War II, a small bomb fell onto Wilmslow Road in front of the cinema on the night of 1 October 1940. The cinema (which at the time was screening The Housekeeper's Daughter and 5th Ave Girl) survived with minor damage, although it had to close for a few weeks while repairs were completed.^[6][9]

After the war, the popularity of cinemas waned as more people acquired televisions, and by 1965 there were only 40 cinemas left in Manchester.^[6] Cine City was threatened with closure in 1997 when Geoff Henshaw, the owner at the time, died. It was purchased by David Babsky, who kept the cinema open until July 2001, when it closed due to competition^[3][10] from a new multiplex cinema in nearby East Didsbury.^[7]

Closure and redevelopment

After the cinema closed, it was purchased by Develop UK,^[11] and several attempts were made to turn the building into a Wetherspoons pub. However these were rejected by the council twice, once in the initial planning application, and also in a subsequent appeal.^[12] The application was denied due to the moratorium on new food and drink licences in Withington, part of the town's unitary development plan.^[11] In 2002 the building was purchased by Arrows International. They applied for planning permission in December 2002 to demolish part of the cinema, reconstructing it as five ground floor shops, with 21 flats on the upper floors. These plans were withdrawn as they were seen as overdeveloping the site.^[13]

Cine City during demolition

In 2003 the site was purchased by property developer Mohammad Jamil, who runs the Britannia Property Group.^[14] When they purchased the site, Cine City was regarded as "too far gone", so it was decided that it should be demolished and a new building constructed in its place.^[15] A campaign to save the building was started in 2002 by the actor and comedian John Thomson, but it ended in failure six years later,^[5] when it was realised that refurbishing the existing building would cost around £6 million.^[16]

As of 2005, the building still retained a number of original features, including its gold brocade seats, wall friezes, cornices, and ceiling roses.^[3] However, the fabric of the building remained in a poor state of repair, and in January 2008 it was announced once again that the building was to be demolished, and scaffolding was erected at the front in preparation.^[4] The building, once considered amongst the most iconic in Manchester, was not regarded as architecturally interesting,^[4] and was demolished in the spring of 2008.^[17] The pair of stone piers in the forecourt of the building, which were Grade II listed in 1998, remain.^[18]

Replacement building

Plans for a new building on the site have gone through several generations. The first design consisted of a six-storey building (including basement), which had a large shop on the ground floor, as well as an underground car park and four floors of residential apartments, with a top level to hold the building's mechanics. Each floor would have 4,000 square feet (372 m²), and there would have been a leaning tower to the side of the building. The design was given planning permission in 2005.^[3][14]

A revised design turned the mezzanine floor into an area that could be used as an arts venue, cinema, music auditorium or conference room for 120 to 150 people. New plans cost £60,000.^[16] However this new design was deemed to be unworkable.^[14] A second design consisted of another six-storey building with a large ground-floor shop, a first-storey car park, and four floors of flats. This would have been half a metre less in height than the previous design, and did not include the tower. The plan was initially rejected by the council,^[14] but was subsequently approved in April 2008.^[19]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} "Cine City". Cinema Treasures. http://cinematreasures.org/theater/19594/. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
2. ^ "Film buffs vote for classics in cinema celebration". Manchester Evening News. 25 May 2001. http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/entertainment/film_and_tv/s/26/26926_film_buffs_vote_for_classics_in_cinema_celebration.html. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Scott, Emma (2005-06-02). "Last-ditch bid to save Cine City". South Manchester Reporter. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. http://web.archive.org/web/20070929092537/http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/200/200646_lastditch_bid_to_save_cine_city.html. Retrieved 2010-04-11. 
4. ^ ^{a b c} "Cine City to be demolished". Manchester Evening News/GMG Syndication. http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/1033612_cine_city_to_be_demolished. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Wright, Susannah (31 January 2008). "John admits cinema defeat". South Manchester Reporter. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/1034608_john_admits_cinema_defeat. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
6. ^ ^{a b c d} Sussex, Gay; Helm, Peter (December 1988). Looking Back at Withington and Didsbury. Willow Publishing. p. 14. ISBN 0-946361-25-8. 
7. ^ ^{a b} Morrison, Richard (19 May 2003). "The multiplex is the second-worst abomination to hit Britain in my lifetime". London: The Times. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/richard_morrison/article1133524.ece. Retrieved 2009-02-07. 
8. ^ Wright, Susannah (22 January 2009). "Fresh hope of blue plaque for Donat". South Manchester Reporter. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/1092146_fresh_hope_of_blue_plaque_for_donat. Retrieved 2009-02-07. 
9. ^ Teddy Knott. "Manchester Cinemas". http://homepage.ntlworld.com/alscot1/cinemas.htm. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
10. ^ "Cine City II — the sequel". South Manchester Reporter. 27 May 2002. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/366093_cine_city_ii__the_sequel. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
11. ^ ^{a b} "Cine City in hands of plans inspector". South Manchester Reporter. 5 August 2002. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/366366_cine_city_in_hands_of_plans_inspector. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
12. ^ "Cine City pub bid KO". South Manchester Reporter. 18 September 2002. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/366584_cine_city_pub_bid_ko. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
13. ^ Stirrup, Kate (13 February 2002). "Cine City plans back to square one". South Manchester Reporter. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/367196_cine_city_plans_back_to_square_one. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
14. ^ ^{a b c d} "Tall storey". South Manchester Reporter. 20 March 2008. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/1041790_tall_storey. Retrieved 2008-06-29. ^{[dead link]}
15. ^ Wright, Susannah (24 January 2008). "Curtain falls on historic cinema". South Manchester Reporter. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/1033483_curtain_falls_on_historic_cinema. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
16. ^ ^{a b} Scott, Emma (17 November 2005). "Last picture show". South Manchester Reporter. http://www.southmanchesterreporter.co.uk/news/s/506236_last_picture_show. Retrieved 2008-06-29. 
17. ^ "Discussion of planning permission noting that demolition has started" (PDF). Manchester City Council. 29 May 2008. http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/083778cine_city.pdf. Retrieved 2008-07-03. 
18. ^ "A-Z of Listed Buildings in Manchester - Listed buildings in Manchester by street (W)". Manchester City Council. http://www.manchester.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=1908&pageNumber=22. Retrieved 2009-02-08. 
19. ^ "Planning permission for the new building" (PDF). Manchester City Council. http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/083778_CINECITY_APRIL.pdf. Retrieved 2008-06-29.