Mausolus

Mausolus
Mausolus
engraving of a coin-type of Mausolus from Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum, Lyon, 1555
Mausolus from Guillaume Rouillé's Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum (Lyon, 1555)
Satrap of Caria
Reign 377–353 BC
Predecessor Hecatomnus
Successor Artemisia II
Consort Artemisia II
House Hecatomnids
Father Hecatomnus
Statue of a Hecatomnid ruler, perhaps Mausolus (British Museum)

Mausolus (Greek: Μαύσωλος or Μαύσσωλλος) was ruler of Caria (377–353 BC). He took part in the revolt against Artaxerxes Mnemon (362 BC), conquered a great part of Lycia, Ionia and several Greek islands and cooperated with the Rhodians in the Social War against Athens. He moved his capital from Mylasa – the ancient seat of the Carian kings – to Halicarnassus.

Tetradrachm of Mausolus. The obverse depicts a lion, the reverse a star with eight rays.

Mausolus was the eldest son of Hecatomnus, a native Carian who became the satrap of Caria when Tissaphernes died, around 395 BC. These Carian rulers, the Hecatomnids, embraced Hellenic culture. He is best known for the monumental shrine, the Mausoleum of Mausolus, erected for him by order of his sister and widow Artemisia; Antipater of Sidon listed the Mausoleum as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The architects Satyrus and Pythis, and the sculptors Scopas of Paros, Leochares, Bryaxis and Timotheus, finished the work after the death of Artemisia, some of them working, it was said, purely for renown. The site and a few remains can still be seen in the Turkish town of Bodrum.

Site of the mausoleum of Mausolus in Bodrum

The term mausoleum has come to be used generically for any grand tomb.

An inscription discovered at Milas, the ancient Mylasa,[1] details the punishment of certain conspirators who had made an attempt upon his life at a festival in a temple at Labranda in 353.

Literature

External links

References

  1. ^ Published by Philipp August Böckh, CIG ii. 2691 c.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • MAUSOLUS I — Cariae Rex, de quo Theopompus ait, eum nullâ re abstinuisse, pecuniae causâ. Suidas. Fuit autem provinciae Graeciae praefectus, quem Satrapam Persae vocant, Artemisiae, vide ibi, maritus, quae illum tam ingenti amore prosecuta est, ut eius fatô… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Mausolus — died 353 BC Satrap (governor) of Caria in South Asia Minor. Nominally under the control of the Persian empire, he took advantage of upheaval in Asia Minor to gain independence. He was influential among the Greek cities of Ionia and instigated the …   Universalium

  • MAUSOLUS II. Sociali bello — cum Byzantinis, Rhodiis, Cois, et Sciis, contra Athenienses, iunctus …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • MAUSOLUS. —    a king of Caria, husband of Artemisia, who in 353 raised a monument to his memory, called the Mausoleum, and reckoned one of the Seven Wonders of the world …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • MAUSOLUS —    a king of Caria, husband of Artemisia, who in 353 raised a monument to his memory, called the Mausoleum, and reckoned one of the Seven Wonders of the world …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Mausolus — n. (died c.355 BC) Persian ruler of the ancient Asian region of Caria (after his death, his wife built him a huge tomb, named the Mausoleum) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • Mausoleum —    Mausolus, a satrap (governor) of Caria, in Asia Minor (now part of Turkey), was a virtually independent ruler of a part of the Persian kingdom. He had dreams of controlling larger territories, especially certain Greek islands that he coveted.… …   Dictionary of eponyms

  • МАВСОЛ —    • Mausōlus,          Μαύσωλος, Μαύσολλος, отец Пиксодара Киндийского в Карии, предводитель карийцев, восставших против Дария Гистаспа (Hdt. 5, 118), галикарнасский тиран. После Гекатомна, который, будучи наместником в Карии с 390 г., по… …   Реальный словарь классических древностей

  • Mausoleum of Maussollos — The Tomb of Mausolus, Mausoleum of Mausolus or Mausoleum at Halicarnassus (in Greek, polytonic|Μαυσωλεῖον της Ἁλικαρνασσοῦ ) was a tomb built between 353 and 350 BC at Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian… …   Wikipedia

  • ancient Greek civilization — ▪ historical region, Eurasia Introduction       the period following Mycenaean civilization, which ended in about 1200 BC, to the death of Alexander the Great, in 323 BC. It was a period of political, philosophical, artistic, and scientific… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”