CCL20

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) or liver activation regulated chemokine (LARC) or Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3 (MIP3A) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is strongly chemotactic for lymphocytes and weakly attracts neutrophils.cite journal | author = Hieshima K, Imai T, Opdenakker G, Van Damme J, Kusuda J, Tei H, Sakaki Y, Takatsuki K, Miura R, Yoshie O, Nomiyama H | title = Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) expressed in liver. Chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and gene localization on chromosome 2 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 9 | pages = 5846–53 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9038201 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.9.5846 | issn = ] CCL20 is implicated in the formation and function of mucosal lymphoid tissues via chemoattraction of lymphocytes and dendritic cells towards the epithelial cells surrounding these tissues. CCL20 elicits its effects on its target cells by binding and activating the chemokine receptor CCR6.cite journal | author = Baba M, Imai T, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Takagi S, Hieshima K, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O | title = Identification of CCR6, the specific receptor for a novel lymphocyte-directed CC chemokine LARC | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 23 | pages = 14893–8 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9169459 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.23.14893 | issn = ]

Gene expression of CCL20 can be induced by microbial factors such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor and interferon-γ, and down-regulated by IL-10.cite journal | author = Schutyser E, Struyf S, Menten P, Lenaerts JP, Conings R, Put W, Wuyts A, Proost P, Van Damme J | title = Regulated production and molecular diversity of human liver and activation-regulated chemokine/macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha from normal and transformed cells | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 165 | issue = 8 | pages = 4470–7 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11035086 | doi = | issn = | url = http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/abstract/165/8/4470 ] CCL20 is expressed in several tissues with highest expression observed in peripheral blood lymphocytes, lymph nodes, liver, appendix, and fetal lung and lower levels in thymus, testis, prostate and gut.cite journal | author = Rossi DL, Vicari AP, Franz-Bacon K, McClanahan TK, Zlotnik A | title = Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 158 | issue = 3 | pages = 1033–6 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9013939 | doi = | issn = | url = http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/content/abstract/158/3/1033 ] The gene for CCL20 ("scya20") is located on chromosome 2 in humans.cite journal | author = Nelson RT, Boyd J, Gladue RP, Paradis T, Thomas R, Cunningham AC, Lira P, Brissette WH, Hayes L, Hames LM, Neote KS, McColl SR | title = Genomic organization of the CC chemokine mip-3alpha/CCL20/larc/exodus/SCYA20, showing gene structure, splice variants, and chromosome localization | journal = Genomics | volume = 73 | issue = 1 | pages = 28–37 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11352563 | doi = 10.1006/geno.2001.6482 | issn = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Matoba R, Okubo K, Hori N, "et al." |title=The addition of 5'-coding information to a 3'-directed cDNA library improves analysis of gene expression. |journal=Gene |volume=146 |issue= 2 |pages= 199–207 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8076819 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rossi DL, Vicari AP, Franz-Bacon K, "et al." |title=Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=158 |issue= 3 |pages= 1033–6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9013939 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hieshima K, Imai T, Opdenakker G, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) expressed in liver. Chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and gene localization on chromosome 2. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 9 |pages= 5846–53 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9038201 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hromas R, Gray PW, Chantry D, "et al." |title=Cloning and characterization of exodus, a novel beta-chemokine. |journal=Blood |volume=89 |issue= 9 |pages= 3315–22 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9129037 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Baba M, Imai T, Nishimura M, "et al." |title=Identification of CCR6, the specific receptor for a novel lymphocyte-directed CC chemokine LARC. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 23 |pages= 14893–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9169459 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Liao F, Alderson R, Su J, "et al." |title=STRL22 is a receptor for the CC chemokine MIP-3alpha. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 212–7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9223454 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6936
*cite journal | author=Power CA, Church DJ, Meyer A, "et al." |title=Cloning and characterization of a specific receptor for the novel CC chemokine MIP-3alpha from lung dendritic cells. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=186 |issue= 6 |pages= 825–35 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9294137 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tanaka Y, Imai T, Baba M, "et al." |title=Selective expression of liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC) in intestinal epithelium in mice and humans. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=29 |issue= 2 |pages= 633–42 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10064080 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yang D, Howard OM, Chen Q, Oppenheim JJ |title=Cutting edge: immature dendritic cells generated from monocytes in the presence of TGF-beta 1 express functional C-C chemokine receptor 6. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=163 |issue= 4 |pages= 1737–41 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10438902 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yang D, Chertov O, Bykovskaia SN, "et al." |title=Beta-defensins: linking innate and adaptive immunity through dendritic and T cell CCR6. |journal=Science |volume=286 |issue= 5439 |pages= 525–8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10521347 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Charbonnier AS, Kohrgruber N, Kriehuber E, "et al." |title=Macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha is involved in the constitutive trafficking of epidermal langerhans cells. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=190 |issue= 12 |pages= 1755–68 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10601351 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schutyser E, Struyf S, Menten P, "et al." |title=Regulated production and molecular diversity of human liver and activation-regulated chemokine/macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha from normal and transformed cells. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=165 |issue= 8 |pages= 4470–7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11035086 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Hirose J, Kawashima H, Yoshie O, "et al." |title=Versican interacts with chemokines and modulates cellular responses. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 7 |pages= 5228–34 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11083865 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M007542200
*cite journal | author=Nakayama T, Fujisawa R, Yamada H, "et al." |title=Inducible expression of a CC chemokine liver- and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC)/macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3 alpha/CCL20 by epidermal keratinocytes and its role in atopic dermatitis. |journal=Int. Immunol. |volume=13 |issue= 1 |pages= 95–103 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11133838 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nelson RT, Boyd J, Gladue RP, "et al." |title=Genomic organization of the CC chemokine mip-3alpha/CCL20/larc/exodus/SCYA20, showing gene structure, splice variants, and chromosome localization. |journal=Genomics |volume=73 |issue= 1 |pages= 28–37 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11352563 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2001.6482
*cite journal | author=Tohyama M, Shirakara Y, Yamasaki K, "et al." |title=Differentiated keratinocytes are responsible for TNF-alpha regulated production of macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha/CCL20, a potent chemokine for Langerhans cells. |journal=J. Dermatol. Sci. |volume=27 |issue= 2 |pages= 130–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11532377 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Giannini SL, Hubert P, Doyen J, "et al." |title=Influence of the mucosal epithelium microenvironment on Langerhans cells: implications for the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix. |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=97 |issue= 5 |pages= 654–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11807793 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Casamayor-Pallejà M, Mondière P, Verschelde C, "et al." |title=BCR ligation reprograms B cells for migration to the T zone and B-cell follicle sequentially. |journal=Blood |volume=99 |issue= 6 |pages= 1913–21 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11877260 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schmuth M, Neyer S, Rainer C, "et al." |title=Expression of the C-C chemokine MIP-3 alpha/CCL20 in human epidermis with impaired permeability barrier function. |journal=Exp. Dermatol. |volume=11 |issue= 2 |pages= 135–42 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11994140 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Liao F, Shirakawa AK, Foley JF, "et al." |title=Human B cells become highly responsive to macrophage-inflammatory protein-3 alpha/CC chemokine ligand-20 after cellular activation without changes in CCR6 expression or ligand binding. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=168 |issue= 10 |pages= 4871–80 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11994436 |doi=

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