Histrelin

drugbox
IUPAC_name =

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CAS_number = 76712-82-8
ATC_prefix = H01
ATC_suffix = CA03
PubChem =
DrugBank =
C = 66 | H = 86 | N = 18 | O = 12
molecular_weight = 1323.5 g/mol
bioavailability = 92%
protein_bound = 70%
metabolism = Hepatic
elimination_half-life = 4 hours
excretion = Undetermined
pregnancy_US = X
legal_US = Rx-only
routes_of_administration = Subcutaneous implant

Histrelin acetate is a nonapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with added potency. [http://uuhsc.utah.edu/pharmacy/bulletins/histrelin.html Histrelin acetate (Vantas)] - New Drug Bulletins] When present in the bloodstream, it acts on particular cells of the pituitary gland called gonadotropes. Histrelin stimulates these cells to release luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. Thus it is considered a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist or GnRH agonist.

Histrelin is marketed by Indevus Pharmaceuticals under the brand names Vantas and Supprelin LA.

Pharmacology

In a process known as downregulation, daily stimulation of pituitary gonadotropes causes them to become desensitized to the effects of histrelin. As a consequence, levels of LH and FSH fall after a short period of time. From that point forward, as long as histrelin is administered, the levels of LH and FSH in the blood remain low.

This prolonged lowering of LH and FSH levels is the rationale for therapy using GnRH agonists. Since LH and FSH stimulate the gonads to produce estrogens and androgens in females and males respectively, histrelin can effectively be used to decrease the sex steroids in the blood of patients.

Indications

Histrelin is used to treat hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate in men and uterine fibroids in women. In addition, histrelin has been proven to be highly effective in treating central precocious puberty in children. [ [http://www.drugs.com/cons/Histrelin.html Histrelin consumer information] ] [cite journal | last = Eugster | first = Erica A. | coauthors = William Clarke, et. al | title = Efficacy and Safety of Histrelin Subdermal Implant in Children with Central Precocious Puberty: A Multicenter Trial | journal = J Clin Endocrinol Metab | volume = 92 | issue = 5 | pages = 1697–1704 | publisher = | date = 2007 | url = http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/92/5/1697 | doi = 10.1210/jc.2006-2479 | id = | accessdate = 2007-10-17 ]

It is available as a daily intramuscular injection. Histrelin is also available in a 12-month subcutaneous implant (Vantas) for the palliative treatment of advanced prostate cancer. A 12-month subcutaneous implant (Supprelin LA) for central precocious puberty (CPP) was approved on May 3, 2007 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

References