Dimensional metrology

Dimensional Metrology is the science of calibrating and using physical measurement equipment to quantify the physical size of or distance from any given object. Inspection is a critical step in product development and quality control. Dimensional Metrology requires the use of a variety of physical scales to determine dimension, with the most accurate of these being holographic etalons or laser interferometers. The realization of dimension using these accurate scale technologies is the end goal of dimensional metrologists.

Early metrologists would often create a central measurement standard based on a yard stick or meter. For example, early Egyptian meter sticks where based on a piece of metal that was the size of the Pharaoh's forearm called a Cubit. Carpenters were some of the first dimensional inspectors as seen today.

Modern measurement equipment include hand tools, CMMs (Coordinate-Measurement Machine), machine vision systems, laser trackers, and optical comparators. For hand tools, see Caliper and micrometer. A CMM is based on CNC technology to automate measurement of Cartesian coordinates using a touch probe, contact scanning probe, or non-contact sensor. Optical comparators are used when physically touching the part is undesirable. Optical comparators can now build 3D models of a scanned part and internal passages using x-ray technology. Furthermore, optical 3d (laser) scanners are becoming more and common. By using a light sensitive detector (e.g. digital camera) and a light source (laser, line projector) the triangulation principle is employed to generate 3d data, which is evaluated in order to compare the measures against nominal geometries.

Data is collected in or compared to a print. A print is a blueprint illustrating crucial features. Prints can be hand drawn or automatically generated by a CAD model.

See also

• Mechanical Engineering

Industrial Metrology for manufacturing quality and for Standards room/calibration activities are called as first principle method of deriving the actual value of measurement. the field of in process gauging, incycle gauging and post process gauging are excluded from this topic

Equipments generally used for manufacturing quality depends on industry, but broadly around mechanical engineering and in particular automotive aerospace, machine tool, any other precision parts suitable for instrumentation. This is broadly listed below:

1. Basic hand held instruments like Vernier Caliper, digital caliper, micrometer etc.

References

Notes

This standards- or measurement-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · edit] External links Description of a high-definition dimensional metrology technology An example of Industrial Metrology equipment. Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую List of attacks on diplomatic missions Nathan Williams (New York) Look at other dictionaries: Metrology — This article is about the science of measurement. For the study of weather see Meteorology. A scientist stands in front of a microarcsecond (1 millionth of 1 arcsecond or 1 millionth of 1/3600 degree) testbed. Metrology is the science of… …   Wikipedia Dimensional weight — Dimensional weight, used in shipping and freight, is a billing technique which takes into account the XYZ axis dimensions of a package. Contents 1 Significance 2 Weight Calculation 2.1 Examples …   Wikipedia High-definition metrology — refers to measurement of dimensional or other attributes of a surface or an object in which measurements are made densely across the observable extent of that surface or object, so that the measured attribute of the surface or object can be… …   Wikipedia Nanometrology — NIST Next Generation Nanometrology research.[1] Nanometrology is a subfield of metrology, concerned with the science of measurement at the nanoscale level. Nanometrology has a crucial role in order to produce nanomaterials and devices w …   Wikipedia NCSL International — (NCSLI) is a global, non profit organization whose membership is open to any organization with an interest in metrology (the science of measurement) and its application in research, development, education, and commerce. NCSL International NCSL… …   Wikipedia Frequency comb — A frequency comb is the graphic representation of the spectrum of a mode locked laser. An octave spanning comb can be used for mapping radio frequencies into the optical frequency range or it can be used to steer a piezoelectric mirror within a… …   Wikipedia Optical interferometry — combines two or more light waves in an optical instrument in such a way that interference occurs between them. Early interferometers used white light sources and also monochromatic light from atomic sources (e.g., Young s double slit experiment… …   Wikipedia List of mathematics articles (D) — NOTOC D D distribution D module D D Agostino s K squared test D Alembert Euler condition D Alembert operator D Alembert s formula D Alembert s paradox D Alembert s principle Dagger category Dagger compact category Dagger symmetric monoidal… …   Wikipedia Atomic clock — Nuclear clock redirects here. For the clock as a measure for risk of catastrophic destruction, see Doomsday Clock. For a clock updated by radio signals (commonly but inaccurately called an atomic clock ), see Radio clock. For the album by Zion I …   Wikipedia WGDM — Working Group on Data Management (Governmental » US Government) Working Group on Data Management (Business » General) * Working Group For Dimensional Metrology (Academic & Science » Physics) * Works Group Directors Meeting (Community »… …   Abbreviations dictionary 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”