Eurema

Eurema
Eurema
Eurema blanda
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Pieridae
Subfamily: Coliadinae
Genus: Eurema
Hübner, [1819]
Type species
Eurema daira
Cramer, 1780
Species

c. 70 spp., see text
Synonyms
  • Abaeis Hübner, [1819]
  • Terias Swainson, [1821]
  • Xanthidia Boisduval & Le Conte, [1829]
  • Lucidia Lacordaire, 1833
  • Heurema Agassiz, [1847]
  • Pyrisitia Butler, 1870
  • Sphaenogona Butler, 1870
  • Maiva Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893
  • Kibreeta Moore, [1906]
  • Nirmula Moore, [1906]
  • Teriocolias Röber, [1909]
Eurema blanda- Three-spot Grass Yellow
Eurema brigitta- Small Grass Yellow
Eurema hecabe- Common Grass Yellow

Eurema is a widespread genus of grass yellow butterflies in the family Pieridae.

Species range from Asia, Africa, Australia, and Oceania, to the New World. The type species is the North American Barred Yellow (Eurema daira).

There are over 70 species in the genus, but more than 300 synonymous names have been applied to them. Some species, such as the common African grass yellow, E. hecuba, have over 80 synonyms. The genus itself has over 15 junior generic synonyms. This is the price of being a widespread taxon, as well as a zoogeographical problem.

Species

Listed alphabetically within groups.[1]

  • Eurema ada (Distant & Pryer, 1887)
  • Eurema alitha (C.& R. Felder, 1862) - Scalloped Grass Yellow
  • Eurema andersonii (Moore, 1886) – One-spot Grass Yellow
  • Eurema beatrix (Toxopeus, 1939)
  • Eurema blanda (Boisduval, 1836) – Three-spot Grass Yellow
  • Eurema brigitta (Stoll, [1780]) – Small Grass Yellow or No brand Grass Yellow
  • Eurema candida (Stoll, [1782])
  • Eurema celebensis Wallace, 1867
  • Eurema desjardinsii (Boisduval, 1833) – Angled Grass Yellow
  •  ?Eurema ecriva (Butler, 1873)
  • Eurema esakii Shirôzu, 1953
  • Eurema floricola (Boisduval, 1883) – Malagasy Grass Yellow
  •  ?Eurema halmaherana Shirôzu & Yata, 1981
  • Eurema hapale (Mabille, 1882) – Pale Grass Yellow or Marsh Grass Yellow
  • Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758) – Common Grass Yellow
  • Eurema herla (Macleay, 1826)
  •  ?Eurema hiurae Shirozu & Yata, 1977
  • Eurema lacteola (Distant, 1886)
  • Eurema laeta (Boisduval, [1836]) – Spotless Grass Yellow
  • Eurema lombokiana Fruhstorfer, 1897
  • Eurema mandarinula (Holland, 1892) – Mandarin Grass Yellow
  • Eurema mentawiensis Corbet, 1942
  • Eurema novapallida Yata, 1992
  • Eurema nilgiriensis Yata, 1990 – Nilgiri Grass Yellow
  • Eurema puella (Boisduval, 1832) – Broad-margined Grass Yellow
  • Eurema regularis (Butler, 1876) – Regular Grass Yellow
  • Eurema sari (Horsfield, [1829])
  • Eurema sarilata Semper, 1891
  • Eurema senegalensis Boisduval, [1836] – Forest Grass Yellow
  • Eurema simulatrix (Semper, 1891)
  • Eurema smilax (Donovan, 1805)
  • Eurema tilaha (Horsfield, [1829])
  • Eurema nicevillei (Butler, 1898)
  • Eurema timorensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1977
  • Eurema tominia (Vollenhoven, 1865)
  • Eurema upembana (Berger, 1981)
  • Eurema zamida (Fruhstorfer, 1908)

Species group:

  • Eurema adamsi (Lathy, 1898)
  • Eurema agave (Cramer, [1775])
  • Eurema albula (Cramer, [1776]) – Ghost Yellow
  • Eurema amelia (Poey, [1832])
  • Eurema arbela Geyer, [1832]
  • Eurema daira (Godart, [1819]) (type species) – Barred Yellow, Fairy Yellow, or Barred Sulphur
  • Eurema deva (Doubleday, 1847)
  • Eurema elathea (Cramer, [1777])
  • Eurema fabiola (C. & R. Felder, 1861)
  • Eurema lirina (Bates, 1861)
  • Eurema lucina (Poey, [1852])
  • Eurema mexicana (Boisduval, [1836]) – Mexican Yellow
  • Eurema nigrocincta Dognin, 1889
  • Eurema paulina (Bates, 1861)
  • Eurema phiale (Cramer, [1775])
  • Eurema reticulata (Butler, 1871)
  • Eurema salome (C. & R. Felder, 1861)
  • Eurema tupuntenem Lichy, 1976
  • Eurema xantochlora (Kollar, 1850)

Species group abaeis:

Species group pyrisitia:

  • Eurema chamberlaini Butler, 1897
  • Eurema dina (Poey, 1832) – Bush Sulphur or Dina Yellow
  • Eurema euterpiformis Munroe, 1947
  • Eurema leuce (Boisduval, 1836)
  • Eurema lisa (Boisduval & Leconte, 1829) – Little Yellow
  • Eurema messalina (Fabricius, 1787) – Mimosa Yellow
  • Eurema nise (Cramer, [1775]) – Mimosa Yellow
  • Eurema portoricensis (Dewitz, 1877)
  • Eurema proterpia (Fabricius, 1775) – Tailed Orange or Little Jaune
  • Eurema pyro (Godart, 1819)
  • Eurema venusta (Boisduval, 1836)

Species-group teriocolias:

  • Eurema zelia (Lucas, 1852)

Unknown species group

  • Eurema doris (Röber, 1909)
  • Eurema irena Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932
  • Eurema ormistoni (Watkins, 1925)
  • Eurema raymundoi (D'Almeida, 1928)
  • Eurema tondana (Felder, C & R Felder, 1865)

References

  1. ^ Eurema, page on Markku Savela's butterfly website

External links


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