- Dissocial personality disorder
Dissocial personality disorder is one of several psychopathic
personality disorder s, each of which has differentoperational definition s and terminologies depending on the system ofclassification of mental disorders used.Psychopathy is a general construct that differs from the specific diagnoses of antisocial, psychopathic, dissocial, and sociopathic personality disorders, the various diagnostic classifications for psychopathy.Dissocial personality disorder is the diagnostic category established for psychopathy in theICD-10 diagnostic criteria developed by theWorld Health Organization (WHO). It is conceptually similar to theDSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria forAntisocial personality disorder .cite web
author
url=http://www.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/?gf60.htm+F602
title=F60.2 Dissocial personality disorder
publisher=World Health Organization
accessdate=2008-01-12]ICD-10 Criteria for Dissocial Personality Disorder
Specifically, the dissocial personality disorder is described by the
World Health Organization by the following criteria:# Callous unconcern for the feelings of others and lack of the capacity for
empathy .
# Gross and persistent attitude of irresponsibility and disregard forsocial norms , rules, and obligations.
# Incapacity to maintain enduring relationships.
# Very low tolerance tofrustration and a low threshold for discharge ofaggression , includingviolence .
# Incapacity to experienceguilt and to profit from experience, particularlypunishment .
# Marked proneness to blame others or to offer plausible rationalizations for the behavior bringing the subject into conflict.
# Persistentirritability .Confusion in terminology
Although conceptually the antisocial, dissocial, and sociopathic personality disorders are synonymous with psychopathy, operationally the diagnostic criteria for these disorders are definitely distinct. They are not equivalent disorders. The largest difference is the emphasis on
delinquent and criminal behaviors found in theDSM-IV-TR 's version, theantisocial personality disorder . The dissocial personality disorder pays more attention to theaffective ,interpersonal andbehavioral components not present in DSM-IV-R's criteria.cite web
author=Irving B. Weiner & Donald K. Freedheim
date-2003
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=jk8-b9AwmJgC&pg=PA88&ots=CvEoW7H7Am&dq=dissocial+personality+disorder&ei=2SiJR6eQF4Gk6AK4sqGVBg&sig=WoV7N2uYLmMeEIpCDx2llaEccG4#PPA88,M1
title=Handbook of Psychology
publisher=John Wiley and Sons
pages= p. 88
accessdate=2008-01-12]The criteria for antisocial personality disorder are largely based on observable behaviors while the ICD criteria for dissocial personality disorder focus more on the affective and interpersonal deficits. However, the ICD criteria do not represent the broad personality and behavioral factors of psychopathy.cite web
author=Ogloff, James R.P.
date=2006
url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/anp/2006/00000040/F0020006/art00003
title=Psychopathy/antisocial personality disorder conundrum
publisher=Blackwell Publishing
accessdate=2008-01-12]The blurring of distinctions between these diagnostic categories and psychopathy have caused diagnosis confusion. For the mental health and criminal justice system, the distinction between psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder is of considerable importance. [cite web
author=Robert D. Hare, Ph.D.
date=1996
month=February 1
url=http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/Personality-Disorders/Antisocial-Personality-Disorder/showArticle.jhtml;jsessionid=IO5VAHNKHAYISQSNDLPSKH0CJUNN2JVN?checkSite=psychiatricTimes&articleID=192300193
title=Psychopathy and Antisocial Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion
publisher=Psychiatric Times
accessdate=2008-01-12] Further, the term "psychopathic" is no longer used in theUnited Kingdom as it is seen as having pejorative connotations. [cite web
author=
url=http://www.benefitsnow.co.uk/handbook/personalitydisorders.asp
title=The Disability Handbook on Personality Disorders
publisher=
accessdate=2008-01-13]Research findings
Much research into psychopathy, as operationalized by the Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R), has been conducted. The checklist assesses both
interpersonal andaffective components as well aslifestyle and antisocial deficits. However, the research results cannot be easily extrapolated to the clinical diagnoses of dissocial personality disorder or antisocial personality disorder. A sample research finding is that between 50% and 80% of prisoners in England and Wales meet the diagnostic criteria of dissocial personality disorder, but only 15% would be predicted to be psychopathic as measured by the PCL-R. Therefore, the findings drawn from psychopathy research have not yet been shown to be relevant as an aid to the diagnosis and treatment of dissocial or antisocial personality disorders.Attempts to
correlate dissocial personality disorder have had methodological problems. Although a high percentage of prisoners in England and Wales were shown in one survey to fulfill the criteria for a dissocial personality, since the diagnosis of dissocial personality includes a disregard for social rules and norms, it is not surprising that the same individuals commit crimes. [cite web
author=
date=2003
url=http://apt.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/9/5/349?ck=nck
title=Dangerous Severe Personality Disorder
publisher=Advances in Psychiatric Treatment
accessdate=2008-01-12]Research has been done attempting to assess the
co-morbidity of dissocial personality disorder with other conditions. However, the few studies that have been done use too many different methodologies to enable forming solid conclusions, although it seems that there is a low prevalence of antisocial personality disorder/dissocial personality disorder in psychiatric hospitals. [cite book
first= Paul
last= Moran
authorlink=
coauthors=
title= Antisocial Personality Disorder: An Epidemiological Perspective|url= |work=
publisher=Amer Psychiatric Publishing
date= 1999
pages = p. 25
accessdate=2008-01-12 ]Treatment
In practice, mental health professionals rarely treat dissocial personality disorders as they are considered untreatable and no interventions have proven to be effective. In
England andWales the diagnosis is grounds for detention in securepsychiatric hospital s under the Mental Health Act if individuals with that diagnosis have committed serious crimes, but since such individuals are disruptive for other patients and not responsive to treatment this alternative toprison is not often used. [cite book
author =Paul Harrison & John Geddes
url =http://books.google.com/books?id=xjaQa-OseQ0C&pg=PA165&lpg=PA165&dq=dissocial+personality+disorder&source=web&ots=Hx0rs036wg&sig=LwrheM2r9jmuQka5Gb-0eDY60Lg
doi =
title =Lecture Notes: Psychiatry
publisher =Blackwell Publishing
date =
location =
pages = p. 163–165
id =
isbn = ]ee also
*
Antisocial personality disorder
*Psychopathy
*"The Mask of Sanity "Footnotes
External links
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=EKxtAWmL_8oC&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=dissocial+personality+disorder&source=web&ots=oFGVN7Ku1T&sig=1M-Ah8Mcx8isIfjTR4J8eejmA58#PPP9,M1 Multiaxial Presentation of the ICD-10 for Use in Adult Psychiatry]
* [http://apt.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/9/5/349?ck=nck Dangerous severe personality disorder]
* [http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200019/000020001900A0581448.php A Case of Psychiatric Evidence of Dissocial Personality Disorder]
* [http://www.mentalhealth.com/icd/p22-pe04.html Antisocial Personality Disorder - European Description]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=KtXU8R8oZYwC&pg=PA82&lpg=PA82&dq=dissocial+personality+disorder&source=web&ots=lVx_gb_9mM&sig=U_bMqyc-KlzHKEvzXBdeZxplN2E Definitions of Antisocial Personality Disorder, Psychopathic Personality disorder, and Dissoricla Personality Disorder]
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