A Game of Thrones

infobox Book |
name = A Game of Thrones
title_orig =
translator =


image_caption = US Hardcover (2002 Bantam Reissue)
author = George R. R. Martin
cover_artist = Steve Youll
country = United States
language = English
series = A Song of Ice and Fire
genre = Fantasy
publisher = Bantam Books (US) & Voyager Books (UK)
release_date = 6 August 1996
media_type = Print (Hardback & Paperback)
pages = 694 pp (US Hardback), 672 pp (UK Hardcover), 835 pp (US Paperback)
isbn = ISBN 0-553-10354-7 (US Hardback), ISBN 0-00-224584-1 (UK Hardback), ISBN 0-553-57340-3 (US Paperback)
preceded_by =
followed_by = A Clash of Kings

"A Game of Thrones" is the first of seven planned novels in "A Song of Ice and Fire", an epic fantasy series by American author George R. R. Martin. It was first published on 6 August 1996. The novel was nominated for the 1998 Nebula Award and the 1997 World Fantasy Award, and won the 1997 Locus Award. The novella "Blood of the Dragon", comprising the Daenerys Targaryen chapters from the novel, won the 1997 Hugo Award for Best Novella.

The novel lends its name to several spin-off items based on the novels, including a trading card game, board game and roleplaying game.

Plot introduction

"A Game of Thrones" is set in the Seven Kingdoms of Westeros, a land reminiscent of Medieval Europe. In Westeros the seasons last for years, sometimes decades, at a time.

Fifteen years prior to the novel, the Seven Kingdoms were torn apart by a civil war, known alternately as "Robert's Rebellion" and the "War of the Usurper." Prince Rhaegar Targaryen kidnapped Lyanna Stark, arousing the ire of her family and of her betrothed, Lord Robert Baratheon (the war's titular rebel). The Mad King, Aerys II Targaryen, had Lyanna's father and eldest brother executed when they demanded her safe return. Her second brother, Eddard, joined his boyhood friend Robert Baratheon and Jon Arryn, with whom they had been fostered as children, in declaring war against the Targaryens, securing the allegiances of House Tully and House Arryn through a network of dynastic marriages (Lord Eddard to Catelyn Tully and Lord Jon Arryn to Lysa Tully). The powerful House Tyrell continued to support the King, but House Lannister and House Martell both dragged their feet due to insults against their houses by the King. The civil war climaxed with the Battle of the Trident, when Prince Rhaegar was killed in battle by Robert Baratheon. The Lannisters finally agreed to support King Aerys, but then brutally turned against him, sacking the capital, King's Landing. Jaime Lannister of the Kingsguard executed King Aerys and House Lannister swore loyalty to Robert Baratheon. The Tyrells and remaining royalists surrendered and Robert Baratheon was declared King of the Seven Kingdoms. Unfortunately, during the war, Lyanna Stark had died, apparently of illness; Robert Baratheon instead married Cersei Lannister to cement the alliance. Despite Robert's victory, the Mad King's youngest son Viserys and youngest daughter Daenerys were taken to safety across the sea by loyal retainers. After the war House Martell chose a path of isolation, since Prince Doran's sister Elia (Prince Rhaegar's wife) and her young children had been killed by Lannister armsmen during the storming of the capital.

Six years later King Robert proved his resolve by defeating a rebellion by Lord Balon Greyjoy of the Iron Islands. Balon's two eldest sons were killed and his youngest son, Theon, was given to the care of Eddard Stark as a ward.

Plot summary

"A Game of Thrones" follows three principal storylines as they develop in tandem with one another. The novel begins in the year 298 AL (After Landing) and continues for many months, probably into the early months of 299 AL.

In the Seven Kingdoms

Eddard Stark, Lord of Winterfell and the North, executes a man of the Night's Watch who has betrayed his vows and fled from the Wall. His sons Robb and Bran, his bastard son Jon Snow, and his ward Theon Greyjoy all attend. After the beheading, Robb finds a dead direwolf (the symbol of House Stark), killed by the antlers of a stag (the symbol of House Baratheon), which had given birth to five pups before it died. Robb and his brothers ask to keep them and Eddard consents, on the condition that the children themselves take care of them, rather than leaving the matter to the servants of House Stark. There are five pups, one for each of Eddard's trueborn children: Robb names his Grey Wind and Bran names his Summer, whilst Eddard's daughters Sansa and Arya name theirs Lady and Nymeria respectively. Eddard's youngest, three-year-old Rickon, names his Shaggydog. Unexpectedly, Jon finds a sixth pup nearby: an albino with white fur and red eyes. Jon claims this one, Ghost, for himself.

King Robert Baratheon arrives at Winterfell with his court and many retainers, including his wife, Queen Cersei of House Lannister, and his children: Joffrey, Myrcella and Tommen. The queen's twin brother, Ser Jaime Lannister of the Kingsguard, and their younger brother Tyrion, the Imp (so named for his dwarfism), also accompany the group. Robert asks Eddard to become the new Hand of the King after the death of the previous office holder, Lord Jon Arryn. Eddard and his wife Catelyn learn from Catelyn's sister Lysa Arryn that the Lannisters had Jon Arryn murdered. Bran witnesses the twins Jaime and Cersei having sex, but is caught. Consequently, Jaime pushes Bran from a high window, injuring him and putting him into a coma. Eddard reluctantly agrees to become the new Hand of the King and travels south with his daughters Sansa and Arya, leaving Catelyn, Robb, Bran (still in a coma) and Rickon at home. Jon Snow elects to travel north to the Wall to join the Night's Watch and is joined by Tyrion, who is eager to see the fabled construction for himself.

After Eddard leaves for the south, an attempt is made on Bran's life, thwarted only by the direwolf Summer. Catelyn realizes that Bran must have seen something and been pushed from the window deliberately, and that the would-be murderers are trying to cover their tracks. She travels by sea to King's Landing and is informed by her childhood friend Petyr 'Littlefinger' Baelish that the dagger used in the assassination attempt was his own before he lost it in a bet to Tyrion Lannister. Traveling north again, Catelyn and her retainers encounter Tyrion by chance in an inn (as he returns south from the Wall) and take him captive to the Eyrie, where Lady Lysa places him on trial. Tyrion outwits Lysa to win his freedom in trial by battle when one of the mercenaries that helped capture him, a sellsword named Bronn, becomes his champion and kills Lysa's champion.

In the capital at King's Landing, Eddard investigates Jon's death and learns that Jon Arryn and King Robert's brother, Lord Stannis Baratheon, had discovered that King Robert's three children were actually the products of an incestuous liaison between Queen Cersei and her twin brother Jaime. Spurning the advice of Robert's youngest brother Renly to take Cersei into custody, Eddard instead tries mercy by offering Cersei the chance to flee. King Robert dies of a mishap engineered by Cersei whilst hunting and Cersei's eldest son Joffrey is proclaimed King before Eddard can pass the crown to Stannis, Robert's true heir. When Eddard moves against him, he is betrayed by Littlefinger. Eddard reluctantly agrees to declare a false confession of treason in return for Sansa and Arya's lives and the chance to go into exile on the Wall. Joffrey promises Sansa that he will show mercy, then reverses course and has Eddard brutally executed. Whilst Sansa is retained in custody, Arya manages to escape with the help of Yoren, a recruiting agent for the Night's Watch.

A civil war, later dubbed the War of the Five Kings, erupts. Robb Stark leads an army of northmen into the Riverlands to support Lord Hoster Tully, whose forces came under attack by Lord Tywin Lannister after Catelyn took Tyrion prisoner. Riverrun, the Tully stronghold, is besieged by an army under Jaime Lannister, whilst Lord Tywin holds a large army south of the River Trident to prevent Robb's advance. Robb and Catelyn win the support of House Frey by agreeing to a dynastic marriage among numerous other concessions. This allows him to detach his cavalry and cross the Green Fork whilst his infantry carries on to the Trident under Lord Roose Bolton, one of Robb's bannermen. Tywin, joined by the liberated Tyrion (who has won the support of the mountain clans of the Vale), defeats the Stark footmen before learning that Robb has outmaneuvered him. Shortly afterwards Robb's forces surprise and capture Jaime Lannister before smashing the Lannister army at the Whispering Wood outside Riverrun. Tywin falls back on the strong castle of Harrenhal and orders Tyrion to go to King's Landing where he will effectively rule using Tywin's authority as Hand of the King.

Lord Renly Baratheon flees south from King's Landing to Highgarden, stronghold of the powerful House Tyrell, and there is declared King of Westeros by acclamation, becoming the second of the war's five kings. Robb Stark becomes the third, when he is proclaimed the King in the North by all the Stark and Tully bannermen present.

On the Wall

In the prologue, three men of the Night's Watch, led by Ser Waymar Royce, are ranging in the lands beyond the Wall. They stumble across the massacred bodies of several wildlings. They are confronted by several creatures of ice, the fabled 'Others' of legend. Ser Waymar fights one, but is killed. The second man, Will, investigates Royce's corpse only for it to come to life and strangle him. The third, Gared, is so terrified of what he sees that he flees south to the Wall and then beyond. He is the deserter executed by Ned Stark in the first chapter of the book proper.

Jon Snow chooses to join the Night's Watch after his father departs for King's Landing and travels north with his uncle Benjen Stark, the First Ranger of the Watch. At the Wall Jon finds that the Watch is beset with problems. A new King-beyond-the-Wall has arisen in the northern lands to rally the wildlings to his banner. This man, Mance Rayder, was once a brother of the Watch before fleeing to join the wildlings. Jon also learns that the Watch is grievously under strength, mustering barely a thousand men to cover the three hundred miles of the Wall, and its manpower is now made up of murderers and criminals who chose the Wall over execution or imprisonment. Some time after Jon's arrival, Benjen vanishes whilst on a ranging beyond the Wall.

Jon and many of the other younger men are remorselessly bullied by the master-at-arms, Alliser Thorne, but Jon concocts a plan for them to stand up to him. Jon wins the friendship of Samwell Tarly, a craven but intelligent boy from the Reach, and also that of Maester Aemon. Jon is startled to learn that Aemon is a member of House Targaryen, the grand-uncle of the now-deposed Mad King Aerys II.

Jon is eventually promoted to the status of full brother of the Night's Watch, but is dismayed that, instead of being sent to the rangers, he has been made a steward, servant to the Lord Commander of the Watch, Jeor Mormont. Sam points out that this is not an insult; "the Old Bear" is going to keep Jon close, as fathers keep their heirs nearby. Jon is being groomed for command. While Jon (and Sam) say their vows just beyond the Wall, Ghost returns with evidence that the corpses of two of Benjen Stark's men are nearby. The corpses are carried back to Castle Black, where they come back to life and attack the Commander's Tower, including Mormont. Jon succeeds in (re-)killing the wight by burning it. Shaken, Mormont resolves to lead the Watch beyond the Wall in strength to test Mance Rayder's strength. Although news of his father's death causes Jon to doubt his calling, he decides his place is with the Watch. Mormont takes this time to pass down the Valyrian-steel sword of House Mormont, Longclaw, which Jon will bear henceforth.

In the East

In the Free City of Pentos, Magister Illyrio Mopatis and the exiled Prince Viserys Targaryen conspire to sell Viserys' thirteen-year-old sister Daenerys in marriage to Khal Drogo of the Dothraki. Drogo commands a clan of forty thousand mounted warriors whom Viserys plans to use to reclaim his homeland from the usurper Robert Baratheon. Among the wedding gifts are three petrified dragon eggs from Ilyrio. Unexpectedly, Daenerys and Drogo find love as they journey east into the vast grasslands of the Dothraki sea, and Daenerys becomes pregnant with a son, to be named Rhaego after her dead brother. Ser Jorah Mormont, son of the Lord Commander of the Watch and a knight exiled from Westeros for dealing in slaves, joins Viserys' entourage as an advisor on the current state of the Seven Kingdoms.

Viserys becomes angry about how long he must wait before Drogo decides to invade Westeros and, in a drunken rage, insults Drogo grievously. Drogo decides to crown him right there—with molten gold. Daenerys picks up her brother's quest to reclaim the Iron Throne, but Drogo is just as obstinate with the moon of his life as he was with the Beggar King. The tables turn when a Westerosi assassin, in the pay of King Robert, tries to kill her and their unborn child; a furious Drogo agrees to invade Westeros. However, during a warm-up raid on the peaceful Lhazareen, Drogo takes a wound which festers. Daenerys loses both Drogo and her unborn son to the machinations of a Lhazareen witch, whom Danaerys burns in her late husband's pyre. Daenerys had previously felt the eggs and found them warm to her touch, though no one else could feel the warmth. Before she had placed them in a small fire and thought that the flames made something in the eggs alive. While the witch is being burned she places the eggs in the very hot fire, allowing herself to be consumed in the pyre as well. Incredibly, she remains unharmed when the pyre dies down, the eggs hatch, and Daenerys Targaryen, the Stormborn, becomes mother to the first three dragons seen in the world for one hundred and sixty years.

Viewpoint characters

All of the novels in the series use a system whereby each chapter concentrates on one character in a third person limited point of view. Correspondingly, each chapter bears the name of the current POV character (ex. "Bran," "Catelyn," "Daenerys") with the story flipping back and forth between the main characters.

The tale of "A Game of Thrones" is told through the eyes of 8 POV characters and a one-off prologue POV.

*Prologue: Will, a man of the Night's Watch.
*Lord Eddard Stark, Warden of the North and Lord of Winterfell, Hand of the King.
*Lady Catelyn Stark, of House Tully, wife of Eddard Stark.
*Sansa Stark, elder daughter of Eddard and Catelyn Stark.
*Arya Stark, younger daughter of Eddard and Catelyn Stark.
*Bran Stark, middle of three sons of Eddard and Catelyn Stark.
*Jon Snow, bastard son of Eddard Stark.
*Tyrion Lannister, a dwarf, Queen Cersei's brother and son of Lord Tywin Lannister.
*Daenerys Targaryen, Stormborn, the Princess of Dragonstone and heiress to the Targaryen throne through her older brother Viserys.

Allusions/references to other works

One of Martin's earliest attempts at writing a fantasy story was 'Dark Gods of Kor-Yuban', which was never published. The two heroes of the short story are the exiled 'Prince R'hllor of Raugg' and his boisterous, swaggering companion 'Argilac the Arrogant'. In an abandoned sequel Argilac teams up with Barron, the Bloody Blade of the Dothrak Empire, to slay the winged demons who killed Barron's grandfather Barristan the Bold. Most of these names reoccur in "A Game of Thrones": R'hllor is the red god worshiped in the east (although not specifically named until "A Clash of Kings"); Argilac the Arrogant was the last Storm King thrown down by the Targaryens; the Dothrak Empire became the Dothraki horse-riders of the eastern plains; and Barristan the Bold was recast as Ser Barristan Selmy of the Kingsguard. Martin covers the origin of these characters and names in his essay 'The Heirs of Turtle Castle' in his biggest short-story collection so far, "Dreamsongs: A RRetrospective".

Editions

In June 2000 Meisha Merlin released a limited edition of the book, fully illustrated by Jeffrey Jones.

Foreign language editions

* Bulgarian: "Игра на тронове"
* Catalan: Devir Contenidos (2006): " _ca. La mà del rei"
*Chinese: 重庆出版社(2005): " _zh. :权力的游戏".
* Croatian: " _hr. Igra prijestolja"
* Czech: " _cz. Hra o trůny"
* Dutch: Luitingh-Sijthoff (1997): " _nl. Het spel der tronen"
* Estonian: Varrak (2006): " _et. Troonide mäng"
* Finnish: " _fi. Valtaistuinpeli" (2003)
* French: Two volumes (hardcover: Pygmalion (1998, 1999); paperback: J'ai Lu (2001)) " _fr. Le trône de fer", " _fr. Le donjon rouge".
* German: Single volume, Fantasy Productions (2004): " _de. Eisenthron". Two volumes, Goldmann (1997, 1998): " _de. Die Herren von Winterfell", " _de. Das Erbe von Winterfell"
* Greek
* Hebrew: _he. משחקי הכס
* Hungarian: Single volume, Alexandra: " _hu. Trónok harca"
* Italian: Two volumes, Mondadori (hardcover: 1999, 2000; paperback: 2001): " _it. Il trono di spade", " _it. Il grande inverno"; as a single volume titled " _it. Il gioco del trono" in the collection "Urania Fantasy - Le grandi saghe" (July 2007)
* Japanese: " _ja. 七王国の玉座"
* Korean
* Polish: Zysk (1998): " _pl. Gra o tron"
* Portuguese: Two volumes: Saída de Emergência (2007): " _pt. A Guerra dos Tronos", " _pt. A Muralha de Gelo". Partial and pirate edition: Entre Letras Editora (2002): " _pt. A Muralha" (1st part only)
* Romanian: : Two volumes: " _ro. Urzeala tronurilor" (2007)
* Russian: Single volume, AST (2001, 2004, 2007): " _ru. Игра престолов". Two volumes, AST (1999): " _ru. Игра престолов. Книга 1", " _ru. Игра престолов. Книга 2".
* Serbian: " _sr. Igra Prestola" (2003)
* Slovenian: " _sl. Igra Prestolov" (2007)
* Spanish: Gigamesh (2002): " _es. Juego de tronos"
* Swedish: Two volumes, Forum: " _sv. I vargens tid", " _sv. Kampen om järntronen". Single volume, Forum (2005): " _sv. Kampen om järntronen"
* Turkish: _tr. Buz ve Ateşin Şarkısı Serisi: " _tr. Taht Oyunları" (2005)

Literary significance & criticism

*cite web | title=SF Reviews.Net | author=Wagner, T. M. | url=http://www.sfreviews.net/gameofthrones.html
*cite web | title=SF Site | author=Seidman, James | url=http://www.sfsite.com/09a/game16.htm
*cite web | title=SFF World | author=Silver, Steven H. | url=http://www.sfsite.com/~silverag/martin.html

Awards and nominations

*Locus Award – Best Novel (Fantasy) (Won) – (1997)
*World Fantasy Award – Best Novel (Nominated) – (1997)
*Hugo Award – Best Novella for "Blood of the Dragon" (Won) – (1997)
*Nebula Award – Best Novel (Nominated) – (1997)
*Ignotus Award – Best Novel (Foreign) (Won) – (2003)

External links

* [http://members.aol.com/vbkorik27/summary/AGOT.htm#prologue Book Summary] by Vincent Briscuso
*IBList |type=book|id=233|name=A Game of Thrones