List of British bank notes and coins

List of British bank notes and coins, with commonly used terms.

Coins

Pre-decimal

Prior to decimalisation in 1971, there were 12 pence (written as 12d) in a shilling (written as 1s or 1/-) and 20 shillings in a pound, written as £1 (occasionally "L" was used instead of the pound sign, £). There were therefore 240 pence in a pound. For example, 2 pounds 14 shillings and five pence could have been written as £2 14s 5d or 2/14/5.

The value of some coins fluctuated, particularly in the reigns of James I and Charles I. The value of a guinea fluctuated between 20 and 30 shillings before being fixed at 21 shillings in December 1717. These are denominations of British, or earlier English, coins—Scottish coins had different values.

*Mite (0.04166 [£0.0001736] ), Tudor dates.
*Quarter farthing* (0.0625d [£0.00026] ), 1839–1868.
*Third farthing* (0.08333d [£0.0003472] ), 1827–1913.
*Half farthing* (0.125d [£0.00052083] ), 1828–1868.
*Farthing (0.25d [£0.00104167] ), c. 1200–1960. The word "farthing" means "fourth part" (of a penny).
*Halfpenny (0.5d [£0.0021] ), 1272–1969. Often called a "ha'penny" (pronounced HAY-p'nee).
*Three farthings (0.75d [£0.0031] ), 1561–1582.
*One penny (1d [£0.0042] ), 757–1970.
*Three halfpence* (1½d [£0.0063] ), 1561–1582, 1834–1870.
*Half groat (2d [£0.0083] ), 1351–1662.
*Twopence (2d [£0.0083] ), silver (inc. Maundy) 1668–current; copper 1797–1798.
*Threepence (3d [£0.0125] ), silver 1547–1945 (and thereafter only for Maundy), nickel-brass 1937–1970. Sometimes called "thripp'nce", "thrupp'nce", "threpp'nce" or "thripp'ny bit", "thrupp'ny bit".
*Groat (4d [£0.0167] ) silver 1279–1662, 1836–1862 (and thereafter only for Maundy). Sometimes referred to as a "joey" after Joseph Hume, the economist and Member of Parliament. [ [http://www.fun-with-words.com/money_words.html Fun-With-words.com] ]
*Sixpence (6d [£0.025] ), 1547–1970; circulated from 1971 to 1980 with a value of two and a half decimal pence. Also called "tanner", sometimes "tilbury", [ [http://www.aldertons.com/money.htm Cockney Rhyming Slang dictionary] ] or "joey" after the groat was no longer in circulation.
*Shilling (1/- [£0.05] ), 1502–1970, circulated from 1971 to 1990 with a value of five decimal pence. Also called a "bob".
*Quarter florin or helm** (1/6 [£0.075] ), 1344. Gold coin demonetised within one year.
*Gold penny (1/8 [£0.0833] to 2/- [£0.1] ) 1257–1265. Gold. Undervalued for its metal content and extremely rare.
*Quarter noble (1/8 [£0.0833] ), 1344–1470.
*Quarter angel (2/- [£0.1] ), 1547–1600. Gold.
*Florin** or two shillings (2/- [£0.1] ), 1848–1970, circulated from 1971 to 1993 with a value of ten decimal pence.
*Half crown (2/6 [£0.125] ), 1526–1969. Sometimes known as half a dollar.
*Half florin or leopard** (3/- [£0.15] ), 1344. Gold; extremely rare.
*Half noble (3/4 [£0.1667] , increased to 4/2 [£0.2083] in 1464); minted 1346–1438.
*Half angel (3/4 [£0.1667] , later 5/6 [£0.275] ), 1470–1619.
*Double florin** (4/- [£0.2] ), 1887–1890. Silver.
*Crown of the rose (4/6 [£0.225] ), 1526–1551.
*Crown (5/- [£0.25] ), 1526–1965.
*Quarter guinea (5/3 [£0.2625] ), 1718, 1762.
*Florin or double leopard** (6/- [£0.3] ), 1344. Gold; demonetised within one year.
*Noble (6/8 [£0.3333] , raised to 8/4 [£0.4167] in 1464), 1344–1464.
*Angel (6/8 [£0.3333] ), 1461–1643.
*Half mark (6/8 [£0.333] ), Tudor dates.
*Third guinea (7/- [£0.35] ), 1797–1813.
*Rose noble or ryal (10/- [£0.5] , 15/- [£0.75] from 1553), 1464–1470, 1487, 1553–1603.
*Half sovereign (10/- [£0.5] ), 1544–1553; 1603–1604; 1817–1937, since 1980 a bullion coin.
*Halfpound (10/- [£0.5] ), 1559–1602; 1642–1644
*Double crown (10/- [£0.5] ), 1604–1619; 1625–1662.
*Half laurel (10/- [£0.5] ), 1619–1625.
*Half unite (10/- [£0.5] ), 1642–1643.
*Half guinea (10/6 [£0.525] ), 1669–1813.
*Mark (13/4 [£0.667] ), Tudor dates.
*Spur ryal (15/- [£0.75] ), 1604–1625.
*Sovereign (20/- [£1] ), 1489–1604; 1817–1937, since 1957 a bullion coin.
*Unite (20/- [£1] ), 1604–1619; 1649–1662.
*Laurel (20/- [£1] ), 1619–1644?
*Carolus (20/- [£1] , later 23/- [1.15] ), reign of Charles I.
*Broad (20/- [£1] ), 1656.
*Guinea (21/- [£1.05] ), 1663–1799, 1813.
*Rose ryal (30/- [£1.5] ), 1604–1625.
*Two pounds (40/- [£2] ), 1823–1937.
*Two guineas or double guinea (originally 40/- [£2] , later 42/- [£2.1] ), 1664–1753. Originally known as a "forty-shilling piece"; value changed to forty-two shillings after the Proclamation of 1717 finally settled the value of a guinea.
*Fifty shillings (50/- [£2.5] ), 1656.
*Triple unite (60/- [£3] ), 1642–1644.
*Five pounds (100/- [£5] ), gold, 1826–1990.
*Five guineas (originally 100/- [£5] , later 105/- [£5.25] ), 1668–1753. Originally known and valued as five pounds, but became five guineas when the guinea was standardised at one pound and one shilling in 1717.

Notes:

* Denomination issued for use in the colonies, usually in Ceylon, Malta, or the West Indies, but normally counted as part of the British coinage.

** The medieval florin, half florin, and quarter florin were gold coins intended to circulate in Europe as well as in England and were valued at much more than the Victorian and later florin and double florin. The medieval florins were withdrawn within a year because they contained insufficient gold for their face value and thus were unacceptable to merchants.

Decimal

Since decimalisation on "Decimal Day" in 1971, the pound has been divided into 100 pence. Originally the term "new pence" was used; the word "new" was dropped from the coinage in 1982. The old shilling equated to five (new) pence, and, for example, £2 10s 6d became £2.52½. The symbol for the (old) penny, "d", was replaced by "p" (or initially sometimes "np", for new pence). Thus 72 pence can be written as £0.72 or 72p.

*Half penny (frac|2p). Sometimes written "ha'penny" (pronounced HAY-p'nee); demonetised and withdrawn from circulation in December 1984.
*One penny (1p).
*Two pence (2p).
*Five pence (5p). A direct replacement for the shilling. In 1990 it was reduced in size.
*Ten pence (10p). A replacement for the florin (two shillings). It was reduced in size in 1992.
*Twenty pence (20p). Introduced in 1982.
*Twenty-five pence (25p), or "crown". A commemorative coin issued between 1972 and 1981 as a post-decimal continuation of the old crown. From 1990 it was replaced by the £5 coin.
*Fifty pence (50p). Introduced in 1969, just prior to decimalisation, to replace the ten shilling note ("ten bob note"). It was initially sometimes called a "ten bob bit". The coin was reduced in size in 1997.
*One pound (£1). Introduced in 1983 to replace the one pound note.
*Two pounds (£2). Issued as a commemorative coin from 1986 and in general circulation from 1997.
*Five pounds (£5), or "crown". Introduced in 1990 as a commemorative coin, replacing the twenty-five pence.
*Britannia, sovereign and half sovereign. Bullion coins issued to various values.

Banknotes

:"Main articles: Banknotes of the pound sterling and Bank of England note issues."

Note: The description of banknotes given here relates to notes issued by the Bank of England. Three banks in Scotland and four banks in Northern Ireland also issue notes, in some or all of the denominations: £1, £5, £10, £20, £50, £100.

*Ten shilling note (10/- [£0.5] ), issued from World War I until 1969. [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/october/14/newsid_3151000/3151539.stm BBC.co.uk "On this day" 14 Oct 1969] ] Also called a "ten bob note" or "half a nicker".
*£1 note, also known as a "quid". Withdrawn by the Bank of England in 1984 (but still issued by the Royal Bank of Scotland).
*£5 note, in circulation. The original "large white fiver" five pound note was known as "five jacks" and replaced in 1957 by the blue £5 note.
*£10 note, in circulation.
*£20 note, in circulation.
*£50 note, in circulation, also known as a bullseye.
*£1,000,000 & £100,000,000 notes, very restricted circulation, used as backing for banknotes issued by Scottish & Northern Irish banks when exceeding the value of their 1845 reserves.

Bank of England notes are periodically redesigned and reissued, with the old notes being withdrawn from circulation and destroyed.

Each redesign is allocated a 'Series'. Currently, the £50 note is Series E issue, the £5 and £10 notes are Series E Revised issue and the £20 note is Series F issue. Series F is the latest round of redesign, which commenced in March 2007. The £5, £10 and £50 notes will undergo this process in the near future. [http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/banknotes/current/index.htm Current banknotes of the Bank of England]

lang terms

*A pound (£1) may be referred to as a "quid" (very common), or a "nicker" or "nugget" (rarer).
*Lady Godiva is rhyming slang for a fiver (£5).
*A "score" is £20.
*A "pony" equals £25.
*A "ton" or "century" is £100.
*A "monkey" is £500.
*A "grand" commonly means £1,000.
*A "oner" (one-er) has referred to various amounts from one shilling to a pound to now meaning £100 or £1,000.
*"Shrapnel" refers to an inconvenient pocketful of loose change.

External links

* [http://www.royalmint.com/RoyalMint/web/site/Corporate/Corp_british_coinage/british_coinage.asp The Royal Mint]
* [http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/banknotes/index.htm Bank of England: banknotes]

References