Magnus Malan

Magnus Malan MP
Minister of Defence
In office 1980 – 1991
Preceded by	P.W. Botha
Succeeded by	Roelf Meyer
Personal details
Born	30 January 1930(1930-01-30) Pretoria, Union of South Africa
Died	18 July 2011(2011-07-18) (aged 81) Pretoria
Nationality	South African
Political party	National Party
Spouse(s)	Magrietha Johanna van der Walt
Children	2 sons, 1 daughter
Alma mater	University of Pretoria
Occupation	politician and military chief
Religion	Dutch Reformed

General Magnus André De Merindol Malan (30 January 1930 – 18 July 2011^[1]) was the Minister of Defence (in the cabinet of President P. W. Botha), Chief of the South African Defence Force (SADF) and Chief of the South African Army.

Biography

Early life

Malan's father was a professor of Biochemistry at the University of Pretoria and later a Member of Parliament (1948-1966) and Deputy Speaker and Chairman of Committees (1961-1966) of the House of Assembly. He started his high school education at the Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool but later moved to Dr Danie Craven’s Physical Education Brigade in Kimberley, where he completed his matriculation. He wanted to join the South African armed forces immediately after his matric, but his father advised him first to complete his university studies. As a result of this advice, Malan enrolled at the University of Stellenbosch in 1949 to study for a Bachelor of Commerce degree. However, he later abandoned his studies in Stellenbosch and went to University of Pretoria, where he enrolled for a B.Sc. Mil. degree. He graduated in 1953.

Military career

Malan was earmarked for high office from early on in his military career; one of the many courses he attended was the Regular Command and General Staff Officers Course in the United States of America from 1962 to 1963. He went on to serve as commanding officer of various entities, including South-West Africa Command, the South African Military Academy and Western Province Command.

In 1962 Malan married Magrietha Johanna van der Walt; the couple had two sons and one daughter.

In 1973 he was appointed as Chief of the South African Army and three years later as Chief of the South African Defence Force (SADF).

As Chief of the SADF he implemented many administrative changes that earned him great respect in military circles. During this period he became very close to P.W. Botha, the then Minister of Defence and later Prime Minister.

Apartheid in South Africa
Events and projects
Sharpeville massacre Soweto uprising Treason Trial · Rivonia Trial Church Street bombing · CODESA St James Church massacre Cape Town peace march
Organisations
ANC · IFP · AWB · Black Sash CCB · Conservative Party · ECC · PP RP · PFP · HNP · MK · PAC · UDF · Broederbond · National Party COSATU · SADF · SAP · SACP
People
P. W. Botha · D. F. Malan Desmond Tutu · F. W. de Klerk Walter Sisulu · Helen Suzman Harry Schwarz · Andries Treurnicht H. F. Verwoerd · Sheena Duncan Nelson Mandela · Oliver Tambo B. J. Vorster · Kaiser Matanzima Jimmy Kruger · Steve Biko M. K. Gandhi · Joe Slovo Trevor Huddleston · Hector Pieterson Winnie Madikizela-Mandela Mangosuthu Buthelezi
Places
Bantustan · District Six Robben Island · Sophiatown South-West Africa · Soweto Sun City · Vlakplaas
Related topics
Afrikaner nationalism Apartheid laws · Freedom Charter Sullivan Principles · Kairos Document Disinvestment campaign South African Police Apartheid in popular culture
v · d · e

Political career

In October 1980 Botha appointed Malan Minister of Defence in the National Party government, a post he held until 1991. As a result of this appointment he joined the National Party and became the Member of Parliament for Modderfontein. He was also elected to be a member of the Executive Council of the National Party.^[2]

During Malan's tenure in parliament as Defense Minister, his greatest opposition came from opposition MPs of the Progressive Federal Party, such as Harry Schwarz and Philip Myburgh, who both served as shadow defense minister at points during the 1980s.^[3]

In July 1991, following a scandal involving secret government funding to the Inkatha Freedom Party and other opponents of the African National Congress, President FW de Klerk removed Malan from his influential post as Minister of Defence and appointed him as Minister for Water Affairs and Forestry.^[4]

A Fast Attack Craft of the South African Navy was named after him prior to the change of government in 1994.

After politics

On November 2, 1995 Malan was charged together with other former senior military officers for murdering 13 people (including seven children) in the KwaMakhutha massacre in 1987. The murders were said to have been part of a conspiracy to create war between the African National Congress (ANC) and the Zulu Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), and maintaining white minority rule. The charges related to an attack in January 1987 on the home of Victor Ntuli, an ANC activist, in KwaMakhutha township near Durban in KwaZulu-Natal.

Malan and the other accused were bailed and ordered to appear in court again on December 1, 1995. A seven-month trial then ensued and brought hostility between black and white South Africans to the fore once again. All the accused were eventually acquitted. President Mandela supported the verdict and called on South Africans to respect it.^[5]

Malan also had to appear before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

On January 26, 2007, he was interviewed by shortwave/Internet talk radio show The Right Perspective.^[6] It is believed to be one of the very few, if not the only, interviews Gen. Malan gave outside of South Africa.

Death

General Magnus Malan died peacefully at home on Monday July 18, 2011. He is survived by his wife, 3 children and 9 grandchildren. ^[7][8]

Preceded by Pieter Willem Botha

Minister of Defence (South Africa) 1980–1991

Succeeded by Roelf Meyer

References

1. ^ Douglas Martin (July 18, 2011). "Magnus Malan, Apartheid Defender, Dies at 81". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/19/world/africa/19malan.html?ref=deathsobituaries. 
2. ^ Magnus Andre De Merindol Malan, South African History Online, accessed 3 December 2007
3. ^ Roherty, James (1992). State security in South Africa: civil-military relations under P.W. Botha. M E Sharpe Inc. ISBN 0873328779. 
4. ^ Chronology 1990-1999, South African History Online, accessed 3 December 2007
5. ^ 1995: Ex-minister charged with apartheid murders, BBC News, accessed 3 November 2006
6. ^ http://www.amigofish.com/catcher/item/show/1505520_magnus_malan_interview
7. ^ [1]
8. ^ Davies, Richard (18 July 2011). "Magnus Malan dies 'peacefully' at 81". Mail & Guardian. http://mg.co.za/article/2011-07-18-magnus-malan-dies-peacefully-at-81. Retrieved 18 July 2011. 

External links

• The interview of 2007
• Obituary of General Magnus Malan, The Daily Telegraph, 19 July, 2011

Persondata
Name	Malan, Magnus
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	27 April 1932
Place of birth	Pretoria, Union of South Africa
Date of death	18 July 2011
Place of death