Prince Achille Murat

Achille Murat
Prince Murat
Tenure	13 October 1815 - 15 April 1847 (&1000000000000003100000031 years, &10000000000000184000000184 days)
Predecessor	Prince Joachim
Successor	Prince Lucien
Spouse	Catherine Willis Gray
Father	Joachim Murat
Mother	Caroline Bonaparte
Born	21 January 1801(1801-01-21)
Died	15 April 1847(1847-04-15) (aged 46)

Achille Charles Louis Napoléon, Crown Prince of Naples, Hereditary Prince of Berg, 2nd Prince Murat (Italian Achille Carlo Luigi Napoleone Murat; 21 January 1801 – 15 April 1847) was the eldest son of the King of Naples during the First French Empire and later in life mayor of Tallahassee, Florida in the United States.

Early life

Murat was born in the Hôtel de Brienne in Paris, France. Murat's father was Joachim Murat, Marshal of France, Grand Admiral or Admiral of France, Grand Duke of Berg, King of Naples. His mother was Caroline Bonaparte, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte. She was Grand Duchess of Berg and Queen of Naples.

Murat flees

After Napoleon was exiled for a second time, Achille Murat sought exile in Austria in the castle of Frohsdorf, in Lower Austria. He eventually crossed the Atlantic Ocean to the United States. On his arrival in New York he made immediate application for naturalization. After a few months in that city, Achille made an extensive tour through the United States.

In Florida

When Murat turned twenty-one, he obtained permission to emigrate to America. In 1821, he embarked from a Spanish port bound for the United States. There he used an assumed name, since he had a striking resemblance to his famous uncle in countenance and mannerisms. Even though he renounced all his European titles and citizenship, his wide social connections brought Murat to Washington, where he befriended Richard Keith Call, Florida's territorial delegate to the Congress.

Call told Murat of opportunities in the new territory of Florida which had been acquired by the United States from Spain in 1821. The young man who had been "Prince of Naples" settled in St. Augustine, living briefly at what is now called the Prince Murat House on St. George Street in town. Murat soon insinuated himself into St. Augustine society by joining the Masonic lodge and dabbling in local politics. He enrolled in the local militia and was briefly a volunteer under the command of his personal friend, Brigadier General Joseph Hernandez.

In 1823 he purchased an extensive property of 2,800 acres (1133 ha) and built a plantation where he planted orange groves, rice, and indigo. He named it 'Parthenope', in honor of his onetime principality in Naples, Italy, which was founded on the site of the ancient Greek settlement of Parthenope (see History of Naples).

Parthenope was located about ten miles south of St. Augustine on the Matanzas River, at the mouth of Moses Creek. The eccentric Murat, who liked to go nude, invented a sort of chair that he could sit in, submerged in the waters of Moses Creek with mosquito netting over his head, to escape the heat of the north Florida summers. A neighbor observed that he was obsessed with the "...eatibility of the whole animal tribe." Murat was known to dine on baked turkey buzzard, boiled owl, roasted crow, stewed alligator, lizards and rattlesnakes. He had an aversion to baths, didn't like to change his clothes, "washed his feet only after he wore out his shoes", and slept on a mattress stuffed with Spanish moss.^[1]

Around 1825, Murat bought the land he would call Lipona Plantation 15 miles (24 km) east of Tallahassee. He lived there during the remainder of Florida's territorial and early statehood days. The name Lipona is an anagram of Napoli (Naples), the kingdom over which Achille was once destined to rule. His purchase of Lipona was probably due to the July 4, 1825 Lafayette Land Grant which gave Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette 36 square miles (93 km²) of what would be Tallahassee. This land grant also provided an opportunity for several French settlers who were acquainted with Lafayette to move to the area and restart their lives.^[2]

In 1824, Murat was elected alderman of the city, mayor in the following year, and in 1826 appointed postmaster, which office he held till 1838. In 1826, Murat met and married on July 12 at Tallahassee, Florida Catherine Daingerfield Willis Gray, but was without issue. Gray was the great-grandniece of George Washington.

During the early phase of the Seminole Wars, and for the previous three years, he was a lieutenant colonel of Florida’s militia and sometime aide to Brigadier General Richard Keith Call. Murat would retain the rank of colonel the rest of his life.^[3]

Murat and his wife eventually moved to New Orleans where he lived for several years and worked as a lawyer. This move may have been in conjunction with the evacuation of several Frenchmen who found themselves without property after their deeds were deemed void.^[4]

With Ralph Waldo Emerson

Murat met Ralph Waldo Emerson in South Carolina in 1827. The two became close friends and enjoyed discussing topics of the day as well as politics, society, and history.

Of Murat, Emerson wrote:

“

A new event is added to the quiet history of my life. I have connected myself by friendship to a man ... with as ardent a love of truth as that which animates me, with a mind that surpasses mine in the variety of its research, & sharpened & strengthened to an energy for action to which I have no pretension by advantages of birth & practical connection with mankind beyond almost all me in the world.[5]

”

To Europe and back

Graves of Achille and Catherine Murat, Tallahassee, Florida.

Following the July Revolution of 1830 in France, Murat returned to Europe and was briefly a colonel of the Belgian Legion. While in Belgium and France, he had hoped to regain some part of the family fortune that he believed to be his based on the properties of his parents. His attempts were futile and in 1834 the Murats returned to the Tallahassee area.

Murat enjoyed cooking and prepared items such as cow's ear stew, alligator steaks, and roasted crow. He slept on a Spanish moss mattress and spoke seven languages.

Murat died in 1847 at Jefferson County, Florida, and was buried at the St. Johns Episcopal Church cemetery in Tallahassee 30°26′38″N 84°17′11″W / 30.44389°N 84.28639°W / 30.44389; -84.28639. His maternal first cousin Napoleon III of France provided his widow, Catherine D. Willis Murat, with a cash sum of $40,000 and an annual stipend so that she would live a life to which she was accustomed. Catherine died in 1867 and is also buried at the St. Johns Episcopal Church cemetery. The St. Augustine house where he lived briefly still stands at the corner of St. George and Bridge Street and is called the "Murat House".

In Tallahassee, the Bellevue Plantation (Florida) house, former home of Catharine Murat, is part of the Tallahassee Museum.

Ancestry

External links

• Florida Letters of Achille Murat openly available online from the University of Florida Digital Collections

References

1. ^ Womack, Marlene. ""Out of the Past" column". Panama City News Herald. http://marlenewomack.com/. Retrieved October 4, 2011. 
2. ^ Historic Markers Program of America
3. ^ FL Guard History
4. ^ Historic Markers Program of America
5. ^ Field, Peter S., Ralph Waldo Emerson: The Making of a Democratic Intellectual, Rowman & Littlefield, 2003, ISBN 0847688437, 9780847688432

Crown Prince of Naples, Hereditary Prince of Berg,

French royalty of a French client state
New title	Hereditary Prince of Berg 1806–1808	Grand Duchy abolished in 1810
New title	Crown Prince of Naples 1808–1815	Title abolished in 1816
French nobility of the First French Empire
Preceded by Joachim Murat	Prince Murat 1815–1847	Succeeded by Lucien Murat

Persondata
Name	Murat, Prince Achille
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	21 January 1801
Place of birth
Date of death	15 April 1847
Place of death