CYP1A1

CYP1A1 is a gene. It encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. It is primarily involved in xenobiotic and drug metabolism (one substrate of it is theophylline). It is inhibited by fluoroquinolones and macrolides; induced by aromatic hydrocarbons.There are 3 main subtypes of CYP1A: M1, M2 and M3.

CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 are regulated by the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, a ligand activated transcription factor. They are part of the Phase I reactions in drug metabolism.

CYP1A1 is also known as AHH (aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase). It is involved in the metabolic activation of aromatic hydrocarbons (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAH), for example, benzopyrene (BP), by transforming it to epoxide. In this reaction, benzo [a] pyrene is catalysed by CYP1A1 to form BP-7,8-epoxide, then it can be further oxidized by epoxide hydrolase (EH) to form BP-7,8-dihydrodiol, and finally CYP1A1 catalyses such intermediate molecule to form BP-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide, which is the ultimate carcinogen.

References

Further reading

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citations =
*cite journal | author=Beresford AP |title=CYP1A1: friend or foe? |journal=Drug Metab. Rev. |volume=25 |issue= 4 |pages= 503–17 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8313840 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Smith G, Stubbins MJ, Harries LW, Wolf CR |title=Molecular genetics of the human cytochrome P450 monooxygenase superfamily. |journal=Xenobiotica |volume=28 |issue= 12 |pages= 1129–65 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9890157 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kawajiri K |title=CYP1A1. |journal=IARC Sci. Publ. |volume= |issue= 148 |pages= 159–72 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10493257 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Nelson DR, Zeldin DC, Hoffman SM, "et al." |title=Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants. |journal=Pharmacogenetics |volume=14 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–18 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15128046 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Masson LF, Sharp L, Cotton SC, Little J |title=Cytochrome P-450 1A1 gene polymorphisms and risk of breast cancer: a HuGE review. |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=161 |issue= 10 |pages= 901–15 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15870154 |doi= 10.1093/aje/kwi121
*cite journal | author=Hildebrandt AG, Schwarz D, Krusekopf S, "et al." |title=Recalling P446. P4501A1 (CYP1A1) opting for clinical application. |journal=Drug Metab. Rev. |volume=39 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 323–41 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17786624 |doi= 10.1080/03602530701498026

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