- Timeline of fundamental physics discoveries
This table provides an overview of the scientific relevant discoveries which would have to be predicted in its entirety by a
theory of everything , in order to claim itself as a success.Timeline of Fundamental Physics Discoveries Before 1780 1021 intromission theory of light , Alhazen1687 laws of motion and law of gravity, Newton Timeline of Fundamental Physics Discoveries Since 1780 Advances in our knowledge of the laws of nature consisting either of experimental discoveries or theoretical proposals that were confirmed experimentally. 1780 1782 Conservation of matter, Lavoisier 1785 Inverse square law for electric charges confirmed, Coulomb1801 Wave theory of light, Young 1803 Atomic theory of matter, Dalton 1805 1806 Kinetic energy, Young 1814 Wave theory of light, interference, Fresnel 1820 Evidence for electro-magnetic interactions, Ampere, Biot, Savart 1824 Ideal gas cycle analysis, internal combustion engine, Sadi Carnot 1827 Resistance, etc., Ohm 1830 1838 Lines of force, fields, Faraday 1838 Earth's magnetic field, Weber 1842–3 Conservation of energy, Julius Robert Mayer, William Thomson 1842 Doppler effect, Lord Kelvin 1845 Faraday rotation (light and electromagnetic) 1847 Conservation of energy 2, Joule, von Helmholtz 1850–1 Second law of thermodynamics, Rudolf Clausius, Kelvin 1855 1857–9 Kinetic theory, Clausius, James Clerk Maxwell 1861 Black body, Kirchhoff 1863 Entropy, Clausius 1864 A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field, Maxwell 1867 Dynamic theory of gases, Maxwell 1880 1871–89 Statistical mechanics, Boltzmann, Gibbs 1884 Boltzmann derives Stefan radiation law 1887 Electromagnetic waves, Hertz 1893 Wein's radiation law 1895 X-rays 1897 Electron 1900 Planck formula for radiation 1905 1905 Special relativity , EinsteinPhotoelectric effect , EinsteinBrownian motion , Einstein1911 Equivalence Principle
Discovery of the nucleus
Superconductivity1913 Bohr atom 1916 General relativity , Einstein1919 Light bending confirmed 1922 Friedmann proposes expanding universe 1923 Stern-Gerlach experiment
Matter wavesGalaxies
Particle nature of photons confirmed1925–7 Quantum mechanics 1925 Stellar structure understood 1927 Big Bang proposed by Lemaitre 1928 Antimatter predicted 1929 Hubble confirms expansion of universe 1930 1932 Antimatter confirmed
Neutron discovered1933 Dark matter found 1937 Muon discovered 1938 Superfluidity discovered
Energy production in stars understood1939 Uranium fission discovered 1944 Theory of magnetism in 2D Ising model 1947 Pion discovered1948 Quantum electrodynamics 1955 1956 Electron neutrino discovered1956–7 Parity found violated 1957 Superconductivity explained1959–60 Role of topology in quantum physics, predicted and confirmed1962 SU(3) theory of strong interactions Muon neutrino found1963 Quarks predicted 1967 Unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions
Solar neutrino problem foundPulsars (neutron stars) discovered1968 Experimental evidence for quarks found 1970–3 Standard model of elementary particles invented1971 Helium 3 superfluidity 1974 Black hole radiation predicted
Renormalization groupCharmed quark found
1975 Tau lepton found1977 Bottom quark found1978 Dark matter found in galaxies1980 1980 Quantum Hall effect 1981 Theory of cosmic inflation proposed1982 Fractional quantum Hall effect 1985 Bose–Einstein condensate found, Bose1995 Top quark found1998 Dark energy discovered2000 Tau neutrino found2003 WMAP observations of Cosmic microwave backgroundTimeline Source: [http://timeline.aps.org/APS/Timeline/ American Physical Society]
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