1st century BC

1st century BC

The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. An alternative name for this century is the last century BC. The AD/BC notation does not use a year zero; however, astronomical year numbering does use a minus sign, so '2 BC' is equal to 'year -1'.

In the course of the century all the remaining independent lands surrounding the Mediterranean were steadily brought under Roman control, being ruled either directly under governors or through puppet kings appointed by Rome. The Roman state itself was plunged into civil war several times, finally resulting in the marginalization of its 500 year old republic, and the embodiment of total state power in a single man — the emperor. The internal turbulence that plagued Rome at this time can be seen as the last death throes of the Roman Republic, as it finally gave way to the autocratic ambitions of powerful men like Julius Caesar, Mark Antony and Octavian. Octavian's ascension to total power as the emperor Augustus is considered to mark the point in history where the Roman Republic ends and the Roman Empire begins. Some scholars refer to this event as the Roman Revolution. It is generally concluded that the birth of Jesus, the central figure of Christianity took place at the close of this century.

Events

* 92 BC Lucullus invades Armenia, setting off the centuries long Roman-Persian Wars.
* 81 BC Sulla is appointed dictator of the Roman state, and brings about major reforms.
* 73 BC A slave rebellion lead by the escaped gladiator Spartacus leads to the Third Servile War.
* 63 BC Pompey captures Jerusalem, and establishes Roman annexation of Judea as a client kingdom. King Judah Aristobulus II removed from power, while his brother John Hyrcanus II becomes king under Roman suzerainty.
* 57 BC Silla is founded in southeastern Korea (traditional date according to "Samguk Sagi", a 12th century AD historical document).
* 53 BC The Parthians defeat the Romans under Crassus in the Battle of Carrhae
* 49 BC January 10: Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon river, precipitating war with Rome
* 44 BC Julius Caesar murdered
* 37 BC Goguryeo is founded in southern Manchuria (traditional date according to "Samguk Sagi")
* 31 BC Roman Civil War: Battle of Actium — Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
* 27 BC The Roman Senate votes Octavian the title of Augustus. Augustus eventually assumes all authority formerly held by the Roman senate becoming the first emperor. The Roman state is henceforth known as the Roman Empire, and the period from 27 BC to AD 305 as the Principate.
* 18 BC Baekje is founded in midwestern Korea (traditional date according to "Samguk Sagi")
* c. 6 to 4 BC Birth of Jesus of Nazareth (see Chronology of Jesus' birth and death, Anno Domini, and Common Era for further details)

ignificant people

* Burebista, greatest king of Dacia
* Catiline, attempted to overthrow Roman Republic
* Caesar Augustus, Roman emperor
* Cicero, Roman politician and writer
* Cleopatra VII of Egypt, Egyptian ruler
* Herod the Great
* Hillel the Elder, Jewish rabbi
* Horace, Roman poet
* Jesus of Nazareth, central figure of Christianity
* Jing Fang, Chinese mathematician and music theorist
* Julius Caesar, Roman politician
* Livy, Roman historian
* Lucretius, Roman philosopher
* Marcus Antonius, Roman politician
* Marcus Junius Brutus, Caesar's adopted son, supposedly killed him
* Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Roman statesman and general
* Marcus Vitruvius Pollio Roman writer, architect and engineer
* Sextus Pompeius, Roman general
* Ptolemy XIII of Egypt, drowned in Nile
* Ovid, Roman poet
* Virgil, Roman poet
* Spartacus, gladiator
* Sima Qian, Chinese historian, father of Chinese historiography
* Tigranes the Great, king of Armenia

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

* Sunspots, first recorded by Chinese
* The Antikythera mechanism is made
* The first dome was built by the Romans
* Glass blowing is invented in Roman Syria
*The Chinese "Ji Jiu Pian" dictionary published in 40 BC during the Han Dynasty is the earliest known reference to the hydraulic-powered trip hammer device.

Decades and years


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • 1st century AH — is a lunar century in the Islamic calendar that corresponds to 622 ndash; 719 CE. NOTOC yearbox width = 500 in?= cp=1st century BH c=1st century AH cf=2nd century AH| yp1=3 BH yp2=2 BH yp3=1 BH year=1 AH ya1=2 AH ya2=3 AH ya3=4 AH dp3=30s BH… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BH — is a century in the Islamic calendar that corresponds to 525 ndash; 622 CE. NOTOC yearbox width = 500 in?= cp=2nd century BH c=1st century BH cf=1st century AH| yp1=103 BH yp2=102 BH yp3=101 BH year=100 BH ya1=99 BH ya2=98 BH ya3=97 BH dp3=120s… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century — The 1st century was the century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period During this period Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BC in architecture — See also: 2nd century BC in architecture, other events of the 1st century BC, 1st century in architecture and the architecture timeline.Buildings* 27 BC Precursor to Pantheon in Rome built and dedicated by Marcus Agrippa. * 10s BC Maison Carrée,… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in architecture — See also: 1st century BC in architecture, other events of the 1st century, 2nd century in architecture and the architecture timeline.Buildings* 60s Domus Aurea in Rome begun. * 80 Collosseum in Rome completed.BirthsDeaths …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in poetry — centuryinbox in?=in poetry cpa= cpb=1st century BC c=1st century cn1=2nd centuryRoman empirePoets (by date of birth)* Columella (4 70), Cadiz? * Persius (34 62), Etruscan * Quintilian (35 95) * Lucan (Nov. 3, 39 Apr. 3, 65), Hispania Baetica *… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BC in poetry — Bccenturyinbox in?=in poetry cpa= cpb=2nd century BC c=1st century BC cn1=1st centuryRoman republic/Roman empirePoets (by date of birth)* Lucretius (94 49 BCE) * Catullus (84 54 BCE) * Virgil (Oct. 15, 70 Sept. 21, 19 BCE) * Gallus (69 26 BC),… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in Roman Britain — Events from the 1st century in Roman Britain.Events* 7 CE ** Cunobelin of the Catuvellauni defeats the Trinovantes, and establishes a capitol at Colchester. * 9 ** Cunobelin becomes king of the Catuvellauni. * 39/40 ** A succession crisis erupts… …   Wikipedia

  • Christianity in the 1st century — Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant.[1] Depicted by 19th century Danish painter Carl Heinrich Bloch is his Sermon on the Mount (c. 30) in which he Expounds on the Law. Some scholars consider this to be …   Wikipedia

  • Chronological list of saints in the 1st century — A list of 1st century saints: Name Birth Birthplace Death Place of Death Notes Joseph     29 Nazareth husband of the Blessed Virgin Mary John the Baptist     32 Machaerus …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”