- 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing
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1986 Berlin discotheque bombing 
Roxy-Palast, the building in which the discotheque La Belle was locatedLocation Berlin, Germany Coordinates 52°28′23″N 13°20′12″E / 52.47306°N 13.33667°E Date April 5, 1986
1:45 am (CET/CEST)Attack type Bombing; terrorist attack Weapon(s) Plastic explosive Death(s) 3 (2 U.S. soldiers, 1 Turkish civilian) Injured 229 Perpetrator(s) Verena Chanaa, Andrea Haeusler, Musbah Abdulghasem Eter, Yasser Mohammed Chreidi, Ali Chanaa Clashes between Libya and the United States
Memorial plaque reading, "In this house on the 5th of April, 1986, young people were murdered by a criminal bomb attack"
The 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing was a terrorist attack on the La Belle discothèque in West Berlin, Germany, an entertainment venue that was commonly frequented by United States soldiers. A bomb placed under a table near the disk jockey's booth exploded at 1:45 am CET on April 5, 1986, killing three people and injuring around 230 people, including 79 American servicemen.
Nermin Hannay, a Turkish woman, and U.S. sergeant Kenneth T. Ford were killed instantly; a second American sergeant, James E. Goins, died from his injuries two months later. Some of the victims were left permanently disabled.[1]
Contents
Blame and retribution
Libya was blamed for the bombing after telex messages had been intercepted from Libya to the Libyan East Berlin embassy congratulating them on a job well done.[2] U.S. President Ronald Reagan retaliated by ordering airstrikes against the Libyan capital of Tripoli and city of Benghazi (see Operation El Dorado Canyon). At least 15 civillians were killed[2][3] in the U.S. airstrikes on Libya, including a child described as leader Colonel Gaddafi's adopted 15-month old daughter, and more than 2000 were injured, including the then-3 year old Khamis Gaddafi.[citation needed]
Trial and conviction
In spite of reports blaming Libya for the attack on the nightclub, no individual was officially accused of the bombing until the 1990 reunification of Germany and the subsequent opening up of the Stasi archives.[2] Stasi files led German prosecutor Detlev Mehlis to Musbah Abdulghasem Eter, a Libyan who had worked at the Libyan embassy in East Berlin. Stasi files listed him as an agent, and Mehlis said he was the Libyan spy agency's main contact at the embassy.[2]
Eter and four other suspects were arrested in 1996 in Lebanon, Italy, Greece and Berlin, and put on trial a year later. In 2001 Musbah Abdulghasem Eter, and two Palestinians, Yasser Mohammed Chreidi (or Yassar Al-Shuraidi or Yassir Chraidi) and Ali Chanaa were convicted in Berlin's Landgericht[4] of aiding in murder, and Chanaa's former German wife, Mrs Verena Chanaa, was convicted of murder. They were given sentences of 12 to 14 years in prison.[5]
Prosecutor Mehlis proved beyond reasonable doubt that the three men had assembled the bomb in the Chanaas' flat. The explosive was said to have been brought into West Berlin in a Libyan diplomatic bag.[6] Verena Chanaa and her sister, Andrea Haeusler, carried it into the La Belle in a travel bag and left five minutes before it exploded.[2] Ms Haeusler was acquitted because it could not be proved that she knew a bomb was in the bag.
Background to the bombing
The judge Peter Marhofer said it was not clear whether Gaddafi or Libyan intelligence had actually ordered the attack, though there were indications that they had. Two weeks before the La Belle discotheque blast, Gaddafi called for Arab assaults on American interests worldwide after a U.S.-Libyan naval clash in the Mediterranean, in which 35 seamen on a Libyan patrol boat in the Gulf of Sidra were killed in international waters claimed by Libya.[1]
Chreidi was eventually extradited from Lebanon to Germany in connection with the bombing. He had been working for the Libyan Peoples' Bureau in East Berlin at the time of the bombing. Chreidi was said to have connections with Palestinian terrorist Abu Nidal, who used to live in Tripoli and was financed by Libya in the 1980s. Eter was reported to be the Libyan spy agency's point man at the embassy in East Berlin.[7][8]
Compensation
On August 17, 2003, newspapers reported that Libya had signaled to the German government that it was ready to negotiate compensation for the bombing with lawyers for non-U.S. victims.[9] A year later, on August 10, 2004, Libya concluded an agreement to pay a total of $35 million compensation.[10]
In October 2008, Libya paid $1.5 billion into a fund which will be used to compensate relatives of the following:
- Lockerbie bombing victims with the remaining 20% of the sum agreed in 2003;
- American victims of the 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing;
- American victims of the 1989 UTA Flight 772 bombing; and,
- Libyan victims of the 1986 US bombing of Tripoli and Benghazi.[11]
See also
- Crypto AG
- Gulf of Sidra incident (1989)
- Gulf of Sidra incident (1981)
- Pan Am Flight 73
- Pan Am Flight 103
- UTA Flight 772
References
- ^ a b Erlanger, Steven (November 14, 2001). "4 Guilty in Fatal 1986 Berlin Disco Bombing Linked to Libya". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/14/world/4-guilty-in-fatal-1986-berlin-disco-bombing-linked-to-libya.html.
- ^ a b c d e Malinarich, Nathalie (November 13, 2001). "Flashback: The Berlin disco bombing". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1653848.stm.
- ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/15/newsid_3975000/3975455.stm and http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/us-bombs-libya.
- ^ 39. Große Strafkammer des Landgerichts Berlin
- ^ The Berlin verdict
- ^ hrr-strafrecht.de - BGH 5 StR 306/03 - 24. Juni 2004 (LG Berlin) [ = HRRS 2004 Nr. 727 = NJW 2004, 3051; NStZ 2005, 153; NStZ 2005, 35; StV 2005, 87 (L) ]
- ^ Beirut liefert aus : Textarchiv : Berliner Zeitung Archiv
- ^ Entschädigung nach 18 Jahren - Politik - Berliner Morgenpost - Berlin
- ^ La-Belle-Anschlag: Libyen: Entschädigung für deutsche Opfer vereinbart - Politik - FAZ.NET
- ^ $35 million compensation
- ^ "Libya compensates terror victims". BBC News. 2008-10-31. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7703110.stm. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
Coordinates: 52°28′23″N 13°20′12″E / 52.47306°N 13.33667°E
External links
Categories:- 1986 in Germany
- Terrorist incidents in 1986
- Terrorism in Germany
- Muammar Gaddafi
- Improvised explosive device bombings
- History of Berlin
- Tempelhof-Schöneberg
- Libya–United States relations
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