- Marasmius
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Not to be confused with Marasmus.
Marasmius 
Marasmius elegans Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi Division: Basidiomycota Class: Agaricomycetes Subclass: Hymenomycetes Order: Agaricales Family: Marasmiaceae Genus: Marasmius
Fr. (1838)Type species M. rotula Marasmius spp. Mycological characteristics
gills on hymenium 
cap is convex 
hymenium is adnate 
stipe is bare 
spore print is white 
ecology is saprotrophic Marasmius is a genus of mushrooms, in the family Marasmiaceae. It contains about 500 species of agarics,[1] of which a few, such as Marasmius oreades, are edible. However, most members of this genus are small, unimpressive brown mushrooms. Their humble appearance contributes to their not being readily distinguishable to non-specialists, and they are therefore seldom collected by mushroom hunters. Several of the species are known to grow in the characteristic fairy ring pattern.
The author of the genus was Elias Magnus Fries,[2] who in 1838[3] classified white-spored agarics having a tough central stipe in this taxon if they were marcescent, i.e. they could dry out, but later revive when moistened. For Fries, marcescence (by contrast with the "putrescent" (decomposing) nature of most mushrooms) was an important character for classification, which he used to separate this group from genus Collybia (which has now been split into many newer genera). The name Marasmius itself comes from a Greek word marasmos, meaning "drying out". Modern mycologists no longer consider the marcescence/putrescence distinction a reliable criterion for taxonomy, but Fries's definition of the genus is still roughly applicable.
Contents
Species
Selected species:
- M. alliaceus - garlic parachute
- M. androsaceus - horsehair parachute
- M. anomalus
- M. atrocastaneus
- M. auklandicus
- M. aurantiobasalis
- M. bambusinus
- M. bellus
- M. bulliardii
- M. buxi - box parachute
- M. caperatus
- M. caricis
- M. chordalis
- M. cohaerens
- M. collinus
- M. corbariensis
- M. crinis-equi
- M. croceus
- M. curranii
- M. curreyi
- M. cylindraceocampanulatus
- M. delicatus
- M. delectans
- M. elegans - velvet parachute
- M. epiphylloides
- M. epiphyllus - leaf parachute
- M. exocarpi
- M. exustoides
- M. favrei
- M. fishii
- M. funalis
- M. galbinus
- M. gelatinosipes
- M. graminum
- M. haematocephalus
- M. hudsonii - holly parachute
- M. nigripes
- M. insititius
- M. kanukaneus
- M. kroumirensis
- M. limosus
- M. masonii
- M. meridionalis
- M. micraster
- M. minutus
- M. oreades - fairy ring mushroom
- M. otagensis
- M. pallenticeps
- M. palmivorus
- M. perpusillus
- M. phalaricola
- M. podocarpicola
- M. prasiosmus
- M. pulcherripes
- M. pyrrhocephalus
- M. pusillissimus
- M. pusio
- M. quercophilus
- M. resinosus
- M. rhombisporus
- M. rhopalostylidis
- M. rimuphilus
- M. rosulatus
- M. rotula - collared parachute or pinwheel mushroom
- M. sacchari
- M. saccharinus
- M. sasicola
- M. semiustus
- M. setosus
- M. siccus
- M. spaniophyllus
- M. splachnoides
- M. subsupinus
- M. stenophyllus
- M. strictipes
- M. sullivantii
- M. tenuiparietalis
- M. tenuissimus
- M. tinctorius
- M. torquescens
- M. unilamellatus
- M. wettsteinii
- M. wynneae - pearly parachute
See also
- List of Marasmiaceae genera
References
- ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 401. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
- ^ See record in Index Fungorum
- ^ E. M. Fries Epicrisis systematis mycologici (1838) Uppsala: Typographia Academica
External links
- Marasmius in Index Fungorum.
- Genus Marasmius at Mushroom Expert.com
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