North-Western Provinces

North-Western Provinces Province of India under Company rule (till 1858) India under the British Raj (from 1858)   ← 1836–1902 →   →   →   → North-Western Provinces, constituted in 1836 from erstwhile Presidency of Agra Capital Agra, Lucknow History  - Established 1836  - Disestablished 1902 Area  - 1835 (?) 9,479 km2 (3,660 sq mi) Population  - 1835 (?) 4,500,000       Density 474.7 /km2  (1,229.6 /sq mi) Today part of Portions in Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Haryana Delhi

The North-Western Provinces was an administrative region in British India which succeeded the Ceded and Conquered Provinces and existed in one form or another from 1836 until 1902, when it became the Agra Province within the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (or U.P.).^[1]

Area

The province included all divisions of the present-day state of Uttar Pradesh with the exception of the Lucknow Division and Faizabad Division of Awadh.^[1] Among other regions included at various times were: the Delhi Territory, from 1836 until 1858, when the latter became part of the Punjab Province of British India; Ajmer and Merwara, from 1832 and 1846, respectively, until 1871, when Ajmer-Merwara became a minor province of British India; and the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories from 1853 until 1861, when they were absorbed into the Central Provinces and Berar.^[1][2]

Administration

The North Western Provinces was governed by a Lieutenant-Governor, who was appointed by the East India Company from 1836 to 1858, and by the British Government from 1858 to 1902.^[1]

In 1856, after the annexation of Oudh, the North Western Provinces became part of the larger province of North Western Provinces and Oudh. In 1902, the latter province was renamed the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh; in 1904, the region within the new United Provinces corresponding to the North Western Provinces was renamed the Agra Province.^[3]

See also

• List of Lieutenant Governors of the North-Western Provinces
• List of Lieutenant Governors of the North-Western Provinces and Chief Commissioners of Oudh
• Company rule in India
• British Raj
• United Provinces of Agra and Oudh

A map showing the new province of North-Western Provinces and Oudh in 1857

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c d} Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. XXIV 1908, p. 158
2. ^ Encyclopedia Britannica
3. ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. V 1908, p. 72

References

• Administration of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh, April 1882-November 1887, Allahabad: Government Press, North-Western Provinces and Oudh, 1887, http://books.google.com/books?id=fCguAAAAYAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Bayly, C. A. (1988), Rulers, Townsmen and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion, 1770-1870, Cambridge University Press Archive, ISBN 9780521310543, http://books.google.com/books?id=xfo3AAAAIAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Crooke, William (1896), The tribes and castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh, Volume I, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, http://books.google.com/books?id=6OAJGO_-QYEC, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Crooke, William (1896), The tribes and castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh, Volume II, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, http://books.google.com/books?id=eb5gEEL2EvoC, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Crooke, William (1896), The tribes and castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh, Volume III, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, http://books.google.com/books?id=61Y2M9ppW64C, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Crooke, William (1896), The tribes and castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh, Volume IV, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, http://books.google.com/books?id=GJQn7XA6Cz4C, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Crooke, William (1897), The North-Western Provinces of India: their history, ethnology, and administration, London: Methuen, http://books.google.com/books?id=yvTWAAAAMAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Government of India. Legislative Dept (1892), The N.-W. provinces and Oudh code: consisting of the Bengal regulations and the local acts of the Governor General in council in force in the North-Western provinces and Oudh, the acts of the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western provinces and Oudh in council, the regulation made under 33 Vict., Cap. 3 for the Tarai, and lists of the enactments which have been scheduled in force in, or extended to, the scheduled districts of the North-Western provinces by notification under the scheduled districts act, 1874; with a chronological table and an index, Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, http://books.google.com/books?id=6bgZAAAAYAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. V (1908), Abāzai to Arcot ("Agra Province" pp. 71–72), Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. viii, 1 map, 437. 
• Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. XXIV (1908), Travancore to Zīra ("United Provinces" pp. 132–276), Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. vi, 1 map, 437. 
• Nesfield, John Collinson (1885), Brief view of the caste system of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh: together with an examination of the names and figures shown in the census report, 1882, being an attempt to classify on a functional basis all the main castes of the United Provinces, and to explain their gradations of rank and the process of their formation. 28th February, 1885, Allahabad: North-Western Provinces and Oudh Government Press, http://books.google.com/books?id=nuU-AAAAYAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011 
• Raikes, Charles (1852), Notes on the North-Western Provinces of India, London: Chapman and Hall, http://books.google.com/books?id=qXFCAAAAIAAJ, retrieved 1 August 2011