Thermodynamic variable

Thermodynamic variable

In thermodynamics, state variables, state parameters or thermodynamic variables describe the momentary condition of a system. Regardless of the path by which a system goes from one state to another — i.e., the sequence of intermediate states — the total "change" in any state variable will be the same. This means that the incremental changes in such variables are "exact differentials". Below are some examples of state variables:

*Density ("ρ")
*Energy ("E")
*Helmholtz free energy ("A")
*Gibbs free energy ("G")
*Enthalpy ("H")
*Internal energy ("U")
*Mass ("m")
*Exergy
*Pressure ("p")
*Entropy ("S")
*Temperature ("T")
*Volume ("V")
*The amounts of each of the chemical components { "n""i" }, expressed as numbers of moles or molecules


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Thermodynamic databases for pure substances — Thermodynamic databases contain information about thermodynamic properties for substances, the most important being enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. Numerical values of these thermodynamic properties are collected as tables or are… …   Wikipedia

  • Thermodynamic cycle — Thermodynamics …   Wikipedia

  • Thermodynamic limit — In physics and physical chemistry, the thermodynamic limit is reached as the number of particles (atoms or molecules) in a system N approaches infinity or in practical terms, one mole or Avogadro s number ≈ 6 x 1023. The thermodynamic behavior of …   Wikipedia

  • Thermodynamic process — A thermodynamic process may be defined as the energetic evolution of a thermodynamic system proceeding from an initial state to a final state. Paths through the space of thermodynamic variables are often specified by holding certain thermodynamic …   Wikipedia

  • Statistical mechanics — is the application of probability theory, which includes mathematical tools for dealing with large populations, to the field of mechanics, which is concerned with the motion of particles or objects when subjected to a force.Statistical mechanics …   Wikipedia

  • Phase transition — This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. A phase transition is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase or state of matter to another. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter… …   Wikipedia

  • Gibbs' phase rule — Gibbs phase rule, stated by Josiah Willard Gibbs in the 1870s, is the fundamental rule on which phase diagrams are based. It provides the number of degrees of freedom for a given thermodynamic condition, that is: how many control variables… …   Wikipedia

  • Gibbs-Duhem equation — The Gibbs Duhem equation in thermodynamics describes the relationship between changes in chemical potential for components in a thermodynamical system [ A to Z of Thermodynamics Pierre Perrot ISBN 0198565569] : : sum {i=1}^I N imathrm{d}mu i =… …   Wikipedia

  • Critical point (thermodynamics) — Carbon dioxide creating a fog when cooling from supercritical to critical temperature In physical chemistry, thermodynamics, chemistry and condensed matter physics, a critical point, also called a critical state, specifies the conditions… …   Wikipedia

  • Combined gas law — The combined gas law is a gas law which combines Charles s law, Boyle s law, and Gay Lussac s law. These laws each relate one thermodynamic variable to another mathematically while holding everything else constant. Charles s law states that… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”