- People Against Gangsterism and Drugs
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People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD) was formed in 1996 as an Islamically-oriented, militant group in the Cape Flats area of Cape Town, South Africa. It claims to fight drugs and gangsterism but its members have been implicated in several criminal and terrorist acts.
Contents
Origins
PAGAD grew as an offshoot of the Islamic organization Qibla. Initially the community and police were hesitant to act against PAGAD activities, recognising the need for community action against crime in the gang-ridden communities of the Cape Flats. However, PAGAD increasingly took matters into their own hands, believing the police were not taking enough action against gangs.[1]
PAGAD's campaign came to prominence in 1996 when a local gang leader, Rashaad Staggie, was beaten and burnt to death by a mob during a march to his home. Police quickly came to regard PAGAD as part of the problem, rather than a partner in the fight against crime, and they were eventually designated a terrorist organization by the South African government.[1]
Cape Town bombings
Although PAGAD's leadership denied involvement, PAGAD's G-Force, operating in small cells, was believed responsible for killing a large number of gang leaders, and also for a bout of urban terrorism — particularly bombings — in Cape Town. The bombings started in 1998, and included nine bombings in 2000. In addition to targeting gang leaders, bombing targets included South African authorities, moderate Muslims, synagogues, gay nightclubs, tourist attractions, and Western-associated restaurants. The most prominent attack during this time was the bombing on 25 August 1998 of the Cape Town Planet Hollywood.[1]
In September 2000, magistrate Pieter Theron, who was presiding in a case involving PAGAD members, was murdered in a drive-by shooting.[2]
PAGAD's leaders have become known for making anti-semitic statements. A 1997 incendiary bomb attack on a Jewish bookshop owner was found by police to have been committed with the same material PAGAD has used in other attacks.[3] In 1998, Ebrahim Moosa, a University of Cape Town academic who had been critical of PAGAD, decided to take a post in the United States after his home was bombed.[4]
Recent history
Violent acts such as bombings and vigilantism in Cape Town subsided in 2002, and the police have not attributed any such acts to PAGAD since the November 2002 bombing of the Bishop Lavis offices of the Serious Crimes Unit in the Western Cape.
In 2002, PAGAD leader Abdus Salaam Ebrahim was convicted of public violence and imprisoned for seven years. Although a number of other PAGAD members were arrested and convicted of related crimes, none were convicted of the Cape Town bombings.
Today, PAGAD maintains a small and less visible presence in the Cape Town Muslim community.
References
- ^ a b c "Pagad: Vigilantes or terrorists?". BBC news. 13 September 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/923701.stm.
- ^ "Cape Town bomb 'link' to killing". BBC news. 9 September 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/917031.stm.
- ^ "Antisemitism And Racism: South Africa". Stephen Roth Institute. 1998. http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw97-8/south-africa.html.
- ^ http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw98-9/sthaf.htm
External links
- People Against Gangsterism and Drugs
- Gangs, Pagad & the State: Vigilantism and Revenge Violence in the Western Cape - Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2001
- People Against Gangsterism and Drugs (PAGAD), Center for Defense Information
Categories:- Vigilantes
- 1996 establishments
- Islam in South Africa
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