Carlo Sforza

Carlo Sforza
President of the Italian National Consult
In office 25 September 1945 – 1 June 1946
Preceded by	Vittorio Emanuele Orlando
Succeeded by	Giuseppe Saragat
Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office 2 February 1947 – 19 July 1951
Prime Minister	Alcide De Gasperi
Preceded by	Pietro Nenni
Succeeded by	Alcide De Gasperi
Personal details
Born	24 January 1872 Montignoso, Italy
Died	4 September 1952 Rome
Nationality	Italian
Political party	Italian Republican Party

Conte Carlo Sforza (24 January 1872 – 4 September 1952) was an Italian diplomat and anti-Fascist politician.

Biography

Sforza was born at Montignoso (Lunigiana).

Sforza entered the diplomatic service in 1896. He served in Cairo, Paris, Constantinople, Beijing, Bucharest, Madrid, London, and Belgrade, and after the First World War became foreign minister under Giovanni Giolitti. In 1921 Sforza upset right-wing forces by signing the Rapallo Treaty which returned the important port of Fiume to Yugoslavia.

Sforza was ambassador to France but resigned from office when Benito Mussolini gained power in 1922. He led the anti-fascist opposition in the Senate until being forced into exile in 1926. While living in exile Sforza published the books, European Dictatorships, Contemporary Italy, or Synthesis of Europe. He said that Italy, a nation with so long and rich a tradition, "can afford luxury - waiting".

Sforza lived in France until the German occupation in June 1940. He then settled in England where he lived until moving on to the United States.

Sforza finally waited to see Italy surrender in September 1943. He returned to his country and in June 1944 he accepted the offer of Ivanoe Bonomi to join his provisional antifascist government. Sforza in 1946 became member of the Italian Republican Party.

As foreign minister (1947–1951) he supported the European Recovery Program and the settlement of Trieste. He was a convinced advocate and one of the designers of Italy's pro-European policy and with De Gasperi he led Italy into the Council of Europe. On 18 April 1951 he signed the Treaty instituting the European Coal and Steel Community, making Italy one of the founder members.

He died in Rome in 1952.

Political offices
Preceded by Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (Chamber of Deputies) Pietro Tomasi Della Torretta (Senate)	President of the Italian National Consult 1945-1946	Succeeded by Giuseppe Saragat (Constituent Assembly)
Preceded by Vittorio Scialoja	Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1920 - 1921	Succeeded by Pietro Tommasi della Torretta
Preceded by Pietro Nenni	Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1947–1951	Succeeded by Alcide De Gasperi

Persondata
Name	Sforza, Carlo
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	24 January 1872
Place of birth	Montignoso, Italy
Date of death	4 September 1952
Place of death	Rome