Yamagata Prefecture

Infobox Prefecture Japan
Name = Yamagata
JapaneseName = 山形県
Rōmaji = Yamagata-ken
Symbol = PrefSymbol-Yamagata.png Capital = Yamagata
Region = Tohoku
Island = Honshū
TotalArea = 9,323.34
AreaRank = 9^th
PCWater = 0.02
PopDate = October 1, 2004
Population = 1,223,000
PopRank = 33^rd
Density = 133
Districts = 8
Municipalities = 35
ISOCode = JP-06
Flower = Safflower ("Carthamus tinctorius")
Tree = Cherry
Bird = Mandarin duck ("Aix galericulata")

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Website = [http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/english/index-e.html http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/ english/index-e.html]
Governor = Hiroshi Saitonihongo|Yamagata Prefecture|山形県|Yamagata-ken is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tohoku region on Honshū island. Its capital is Yamagata.

History

The aboriginal Ezo people (蝦夷）once inhabited the area now known as Yamagata. During the Heian Period (794–1185), the Fujiwara (藤原) family ruled the area. Yamagata City flourished during the Edo Period (1603–1867) due to its status as a castle town and post station, famous for" beni" (red safflower dye used in the production of handspun silk). In 1649, the famous haiku poet, Matsuo Bashō visited Yamagata during his five-month trip to the northern regions of Japan. Yamagata, with Akita Prefecture, composed Dewa Province until the Meiji Restoration.

Geography

Yamagata Prefecture is located in the southwest corner of Tohoku, facing the Sea of Japan. It borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture on the south, Miyagi Prefecture on the east, and Akita Prefecture on the north. All of these boundaries are marked by mountains, with most of the population residing in a limited central plain.

Cities

Thirteen cities are located in Yamagata Prefecture:
*Higashine
*Kaminoyama
*Murayama
*Nagai
*Nan'yō
*Obanazawa
*Sagae
*Sakata
*Shinjō
*Tendō
*Tsuruoka
*Yamagata (capital)
*Yonezawa

Towns and villages

Towns and villages in each district:‡ Scheduled to be dissolved following mergers.

Mergers

Economy

Fruit

Yamagata Prefecture is the largest producer of cherries and pears in Japan. A large quantity of other kinds of fruits such as grapes, apples, peaches, melons, persimmons and watermelons are also produced here.

Demographics

As of October 2004, Yamagata Prefecture had a population of 1,223,000 [http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/2004np/zuhyou/15k16-04.xls] . This represented a 5.3% decrease on the previous year, giving Yamagata the equal-fourth highest depopulation rate in Japan [http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/2004np/zuhyou/15k16-07.xls] . This figure consists of a 2.2% natural decrease in the population, and a net 3.1% emigration to other prefectures, again one of the highest rates in Japan.

The prefecture also has one of the oldest populations in Japan. As of 2004, 12.8% of the population was aged between 65 and 74, and 12.1% was over 75 (the fourth and third highest in Japan, respectively) [http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/2004np/zuhyou/15k16-12.xls] . Over 40% of households in Yamagata contain one or more relatives aged 65 or over (one of the three highest in Japan) [http://www.stat.go.jp/data/chiri/map/c_koku/pdf/map15.pdf] .

Culture

Festivals and events

Yamagata Prefecture has a number of annual festivals and events.

The largest is the "hanagasa matsuri" (花笠祭り) which takes place in Yamagata City on the first weekend in August, when thousands of people perform the hanagasa dance in the city centre and attracts up to 300,000 spectators. Yamagata City is the home of the bi-annual Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival in October.

In February, a snow lantern festival is held in Yonezawa at the Uesugi Shrine. Hundreds of candle-lit lanterns light pathways dug into the snow around the shrine. Yonezawa is also the site of the "Uesugi Festival" (上杉祭り, "uesugi matsuri") in mid-spring. The festival's highlight is a re-enactment of the 'Battle of Kawanakajima' on the banks of the Matsukawa River.

In September, Yamagata Prefecture is famous for its imoni, a potato stew popular in Northern Japan during the autumn. Imonikai, potato soup parties, are very popular during this season, and many tourists come to Yamagata Prefecture specifically for its particular style of imoni.

Art

Beginning in 2003, Yamagata city officials with the aid of Tohoku University of Art and Design began a three-year project in which the Buddhist art of the city’s temples would be catalogued and compared to a set of guidelines in order to identify “cultural assets.” [cite news
last=
first=
coauthors=
title=Yamagata: City unearths wealth of Buddhist Treasure
work= The Asahi Shimbun
pages=
language=
publisher=
date=December 5, 2006
url=http://www.asahi.com/english/Herald-asahi/TKY200612050117.html
accessdate= ] One hundred and ninety temples have had their works of art examined and several significant examples of Buddhist sculpture have been discovered. At Heisenji Temple, in the Hirashimizu district, a particularly rare statue, a seated Vairocana Buddha made from zelkova wood, was found. Other significant works include sculptures from the Heian Period (794–1185) and Kamakura Period (1192–1333).

The Yamagata Museum of Art, located in Yamagata City, was opened in 1964 through the efforts of a foundation led by Yoshio Hattori, the president of Yamagata Shimbun and Yamagata Broadcasting Co, Ltd. The permanent collection consists of three types of art: Japanese and Asian, regional, and French. Special exhibitions are held periodically.

Language

Yamagata Prefecture is also known for its local dialect Yamagata-ben, sometimes thought of as backward sounding and the butt of jokes in other parts of Japan. The 2004 movie "Swing Girls" (スウィングガールズ), co-written and directed by Shinobu Yaguchi, is set in Yamagata and makes use of Yamagata-ben for comedic purposes.

Sports

The sports teams listed below are based in Yamagata.

Football (soccer)

*Montedio Yamagata

Volleyball

*Pioneer Red Wings (Tendo)

Transportation

Airports

*Yamagata Airport(Tokyo,Osaka,Nagoya,Sapporo byJALGroup)
*Shonai Airport(Tokyo,Osaka,Sapporo byANAGroup)

=Railways (JR East)=

*Yamagata Shinkansen
*Senzan Line
*Aterazawa Line
*Yonesaka Line
*West Riku'u Line
*East Riku'u Line
*Flower Nagai Line
*Ōu Main Line
*Uetsu Main Line

Tourism

The temple of Yamadera, carved into the mountainside near Yamagata City, is a major attraction.

The Dewa Sanzan are three holy mountains that form a traditional pilgrimage for followers of the Shugendo branch of Shinto. The famous Gojudo (five-story pagoda) is at the base of Mt. Haguro, the lowest of the three mountains.

Mount Zao is a famous winter ski resort, also known for its "snow monsters" (frozen snow covered trees) in the winter, and the "Okama crater lake", also known as the "Goshiki Numa" (Five Color Swamp) because its colour changes according to the weather.

Media

Newspapers

*Yamagata Shimbun [http://yamagata-np.jp/]
*Yonezawa Shimbun
*Shonai Nippo
*Okitama Times [http://www.okitamatimes.co.jp/]

TV and radio

*YBC TV and Radio (NNN, JRN, and NRN)
*YTS TV(ANN)
*TUY TV(JNN)
*SAY TV(FNN)
*Boy-FM(Japan FM Network)

Film

*Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival [http://www.yidff.jp/home-e.html]

References

External links

* [http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/ Official Yamagata Prefecture homepage (Japanese)]
* [http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/english/index-e.html/ Official Yamagate Prefecture homepage (English)]
* [http://www.pref.yamagata.jp/sr/quest/index_e.html Industry Location Guide of Yamagata Prefecture]
* [http://www.yamagatakanko.com/english/index.html Yamagagata Info(Data Base of Tourism Information)]
* [http://www-h.yamagata-u.ac.jp/~irwin/yamagataweather.htm Climate in Yamagata City]
*wikitravelpar|Yamagata (prefecture)
* [http://www.yamagata-art-museum.or.jp/en/index.html Yamagata Museum of Art]
* [http://www.yidff.jp/home-e.html Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival]