St. Nicolas' Church, North Stoneham

St. Nicolas' Church, North Stoneham
St. Nicolas Parish Church
St. Nicolas' Church, North Stoneham
50°57′13″N 1°22′26″W / 50.9535°N 1.3740°W / 50.9535; -1.3740Coordinates: 50°57′13″N 1°22′26″W / 50.9535°N 1.3740°W / 50.9535; -1.3740
Location	North Stoneham, Hampshire
Country	England
Denomination	Anglican
Website	Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett
History
Founded	15th century
Dedication	St Nicolas
Architecture
Status	Parish church
Functional status	Active
Heritage designation	Listed building - Grade II*
Architectural type	Church
Style	Gothic survival
Specifications
Materials	Ashlar
Administration
Parish	North Stoneham and Bassett
Deanery	Southampton
Archdeaconry	Bournemouth
Diocese	Winchester
Province	Canterbury
Clergy
Bishop(s)	Bishop of Southampton
Priest(s)	Revd. Stephen Holmes (from January 2010)

St. Nicolas' Church is an Anglican parish church at North Stoneham, Hampshire which originated before the 15th century and is known for its "One Hand Clock" which dates from the early 17th century, and also for various memorials to the famous.

Location

The church is situated on Stoneham Lane, on the edge of the former Stoneham Park. Pevsner and Lloyd, in their Buildings of England: Hampshire and the Isle of Wight, described the setting: "The church is in rural isolation on the edge of the former park, in the midst of a narrow but effective green belt between Eastleigh and Southampton".^[1]

History

North Stoneham parish

The original parish of North Stoneham can be traced back to the early ninth century when it was known as "Stonam Abbatis" or "Abbots Stoneham" and was attached to Hyde Abbey at Winchester.^[2] At this time, the parish extended from the River Itchen in the east towards Chilworth and Bassett Green in the west with its neighbouring parish, South Stoneham, to the south and east. After the dissolution of the monasteries in the 1540s, the manor was acquired by Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton. In 1599, the Wriothesley family sold the estate to Sir Thomas Fleming,^[3] whose descendants held the advowson until 1997.^[4]

There was never a village of "North Stoneham", but a few hamlets built on the estate; about half a mile north of the church was the little hamlet of Middle, consisting of a farm and a few cottages, the Cricketer's Arms Inn and the post office. In the early twentieth century, the parish covered approximately 5,000 acres (20 km²; 8 sq mi) between the neighbouring towns of Southampton and Eastleigh.^[5]

Today, the parish is part of the combined parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, and St. Nicolas' is one of three churches serving the parish, the others being St. Michael & All Angels, in Bassett Avenue, and All Saints in Winchester Road.^[6]

The church

St. Nicolas' is medieval in origin, and has probably been the site of a place of worship for 1,000 years.^[7] The church is a Grade II* listed building, and the listing states that the church was "built on (the) site of a 13th century Church and possibly a Saxon Chapel".^[8]

According to Pevsner, the church was rebuilt at some time between 1590 and 1610 (about the time that the estate was sold to the Fleming family) in an "interesting Gothic survival manner", but incorporating older features (not necessarily from the previous church on the site).^[9] It was restored in 1826 by Thomas Hopper,^[7] and restored again (by George Bodley) in the late nineteenth century.^[9]

The new vestry was completed in 2008.^[4]

Lych gate

The lych-gate was built in 1909 in memory of Emily Macarthur,^[10] the wife of James Macarthur, the then Bishop of Southampton. It was designed by Isle of Wight architect Percy Stone, and built of oak timber taken from HMS Thunderer which took part in the Battle of Trafalgar.^[11]

The church exterior

2008 view of the church, showing the new vestry

Pevsner described the church as:

an intriguing and problematical building, with a three-gabled east termination and a west tower, looking like a Devon church. Nave, chancel, and aisles continuing into chapels; a rectangle except for the tower and north porch.^[9]

The church has ashlar walling stepped buttresses, diagonally placed on the corners, comprising a high plinth with late moulded step.^[12] Set in the western wall, in the tower, is a 13th century window of three lancets, the centre one higher. According to Pevsner, "It was probably the east window of a church of some pretension",^[9] which was re-used when the tower was built in the sixteenth century.^[13] The window has been dated from 1230.^[13]

The east window of the chancel is fifteenth-century in style, with three cinquefoiled lights with tracery.^[13] Pevsner described the east and west aisle windows as: "three-light Perpendicular in arched frames, but differing in details and looking, for the most part, authentically medieval; all or some of them are probably re-used."^[9]

The north and south aisle windows are late Gothic in character, from the sixteenth century, although they have been repaired several times, modern cusping being inserted. In the north aisle there are four windows, the eastern of two cinquefoiled lights with tracery under a pointed head, the next two square-headed, of three and four cinquefoiled lights respectively, and the fourth also square-headed, of three cinquefoiled lights. Between the third and fourth windows is a round-headed north doorway with a plain quarter-round moulding of uncertain but not ancient date;^[13] Pevsner described the porch as "Elizabethan-looking".^[9]

The south aisle windows are all square-headed, of three or four lights. The details of the windows are not uniform, the west window of the south aisle, and the four-light window in the north aisle, "being of better style than the rest".^[13]

The roof is in three sections with red tiles, finials and raised coping to the gables.^[12] The vestry, which was built in 2008,^[4] is situated at the south-west corner of the church.

The tower and bells

The tower is built of ashlar, in two tall stages, with plain double bell-openings in arched frames on three sides, battlements, and thin crocketed pinnacles, with an octagonal stair turret on the north-east corner,^[12] and dates from about 1600.^[9]

The church has a long history of bell ringing and the current ring of ten bells was once the lightest ten in the country. The ring is accommodated on two frames one above the other, with the lower frame partly made up of the 17th century frame from the earliest recorded installation of bells in St. Nicolas.^[14] In his 1908 "A History of the County of Hampshire", William Page reported:

"There are six bells by Taylor of Loughborough, 1893. The former ring was of three, by I H., 1651, Antony Bond, 1623, and a Salisbury founder, c. 1400."^[13]

Of the present bells, three were cast by Taylor in 1931 and the remaining seven in 1956.^[15]

In 2006, the parish launched an appeal to raise £15,000 in order to stabilise the bell-frame and improve the bell handling. The fund-raising activities included a Teddy bear parachute jump.^[14]

The "One Hand Clock"

The clock

On the eastern face of the tower is the church clock, which has only one hand, pointing to the hour. The "One Hand Clock" was originally installed in the early 17th century;^[7] the movement is by William Monk (died 1753)^[4] of Berwick St. John and Donhead St Mary.^[7]

At the time the clock was installed, "time was counted in hours, not minutes".^[16]

The clock has had to be restarted a number of times in its history, the movement being renovated most recently in 1995, when members of the local Concorde Club, among others, helped to restore and maintain the clock by giving some "time", i.e. £2.50 per minute, the target being £150.^[17]

The church interior

The church has a chancel 25 ft (7.6 m) long and 15 ft (4.6 m) wide, with a nave of 35 ft 9 in (10.9 m) and aisles which run the full length of the nave and chancel, 11 ft 5 in (3.5 m) and 11 ft 2 in (3.4 m) wide respectively. The tower is 10 ft (3.0 m) by 9 ft 6 in (2.9 m).^[13]

The aisle walls are made of ashlar, mainly perpendicular in character. The east wall of the chancel is built of rubble, and is earlier than the ashlar walls of the aisles and chapels, believed to be part of the medieval church.^[9] The nave arcades, of three bays with octagonal pillars and arches of two chamfered orders, are probably fifteenth-century, while the two bays on either side of the chancel are of pseudo-Gothic character, and apparently of late eighteenth or early nineteenth-century date.^[13] Two of the pillars are Early English.^[8]

The organ is situated at the east end of the north chancel aisle and was originally manufactured in about 1935 by the Positive Organ Company of north-west London and renovated in 1974 and 1993.^[18]

The fifteenth-century font,^[8] which has an octagonal bowl of Purbeck marble on a modern stone stem, is under the east arch of the tower.^[13]

Windows

A series of heraldic windows (1826) illustrated the ancestry of the Fleming family, but were shattered by a bomb blast in the Second World War.^[19] The fragments have been reset in the windows.^[4][20]

The porch

The two First World War Roll of Honour memorial panels in lead, fashioned by the controversial artist, Eric Gill,^[1][21] were removed from the Stoneham War Shrine and located in the church porch.^[4] It is intended that they will be reinstated to their original position when the restoration of the shrine is completed in 2010.^[22][23]

Memorials

Slavonian tomb-stone

On the chancel floor is a gravestone inscribed to Slavonian merchants.^[7] The tombstone is bluish limestone slab, 6 ft 8 in (2.0 m) by 3 ft 8 in (1.1 m) bearing a shield charged with a double-headed eagle surrounded by Gothic foliage; round the edge of the slab runs a marginal inscription with the evangelistic symbols at the four angles — "Sepultura De La Schola De Sclavoni Año Dñi MCCCCLXXXXI"^[13] ("The Burial Place of the Guild of Slavonians").^[11]

The tomb originated in the fifteenth century when a fair was held at Winchester starting on St. Giles' Day in early September. The fair was held on St. Giles' Hill to the east of the city centre. At the time, this was the largest fair in Europe; for the sixteen days of the fair, all other trading at Southampton and at every place within seven leagues of Winchester was prohibited,^[24] and the Bishop of Winchester received the revenues normally due to the King.^[25]

Among the many foreigners who attended the fair were some who formed themselves into a guild — the "Schola dei Sclavoni" or Guild of Slavonians. Their business was so great that in 1491 they purchased a vault in North Stoneham church where they might inter any of their guild who should chance to die in England. The need for their vault soon arose, for in 1499 highwaymen attacked their trade convoy between Southampton and Winchester and killed two of their number.^[24]

The monument to Lord Hawke

In the south aisle there is an elaborate wall memorial^[26] to Admiral Lord Hawke, with a detailed depiction of the Battle of Quiberon Bay (20 Nov 1759). Lord Hawke was the First Lord of the Admiralty who lived at Swaythling House. He died in Sunbury-on-Thames in 1781 and although he had not lived in Swaythling for some time, he chose to be buried with his wife. His son the second baron, erected the magnificent memorial to him, carved in white marble, in 1783, the work of sculptor John Francis Moore. It includes a bas-relief of the painting of "The Battle of Quiberon Bay" by Dominic Serres, the Elder.^[27]

Over the weekend of 20 November 2009, the church was the focus of special events held to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the Battle.^[28]

In addition to the memorial to the admiral, the church has another to his wife, Catherine: "the best Wife, the best Mother and the best of Friends".^[29]

The Sir Thomas Fleming monument

At the east end of the south aisle, on the south side, is the monument to Sir Thomas Fleming, Lord Chief Justice, who was one of the judges at the trial of Guy Fawkes in 1605 and died in 1613. This memorial^[30][31] is known locally as "the floating Flemings",^[7] depicting Lord and Lady Fleming in their scarlet and blue court robes, lying on their sides, with kneeling figures of the six sons and two daughters who survived him.^[5] The inscription is in two panels on the base, and above the effigies are the arms of the Fleming and James families. The inscription reads:

In most Assvred Hope of A Blessed Resvrection, Here Lyeth Interred ye Bodie of Sir Thomas Flemyng, Knight, Lord Chief Jvstice of England; Great Was His Learning, Many Were His Virtves. He Always Feared God & God Still Blessed Him & ye Love & Favour Both of God & Man Was Daylie Upon Him. He Was In Especiall Grace & Favour With 2 Most Worthie & Virtvovs Princes Q. Elizabeth & King James. Many Offices and Dygnities Were Conferred Upon Him. He Was First Sargeant At Law, Then Recorder of London; Then Solicitor Generall to Both ye Said Princes. Then Lo: Chief Baron of ye Exchequer & after Lo: Chief Jvstice of England. All Which Places He Did Execvte With So Great Integrity, Justice & Discretion that Hys Lyfe Was Of All Good Men Desired, His Death Of All Lamented. He Was Borne at Newporte In ye Isle Of Wight, Brough Up In Learning & ye Studie Of ye Lawe. In ye 26 Yeare Of His Age He Was coopled in ye Blessed State of Matrimony To His Virtvovs Wife, ye La: Mary Fleming, With whom He Lived & Continewed In that Blessed Estate By ye Space Of 43 Yeares. Having By Her In that Tyme 15 Children, 8 Sonnes & 7 Davghters, Of Whom 2 Sonnes & 5 Davghters Died In His Life Time. And Afterwards In Ripeness of Age and Fulness of Happie yeares yt Is to Saie ye 7th Day of Avgvst 1613 in ye 69 Yeare Of His Age, He Left This Life For a Better, Leaving Also Behind Him Livinge Together With His Virtvovs Wife 6 Soones & 2 Davghters.^[32]

There are many other memorials to members of the Fleming family including a monument to John Fleming (d.1802), and a portrait tablet to John Willis Fleming (d.1844) by the Chilworth sculptor, Richard Cockle Lucas.^[7]

The church today

Although situated in a rural area, not in the centre of a housing development, the church has a faithful congregation, some of whom travel many miles to attend services.^[17] Worship is strongly Eucharistic,^[33] with a regular Sunday morning service.^[34]

Clergy

The clergy are shared between the three churches of the Parish: St. Michael and All Angels, St. Nicolas and All Saints'.^[35] The Reverend Stephen Holmes was invested as the Priest-in-Charge of the Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett by The Right Reverend The Lord Bishop of Winchester, Michael Scott-Joynt, on 16 January 2010.^[36] A new Motet, "The Spirit of the Lord God is upon thee", was composed by Roger Steptoe specially for this occasion.^[37] Revd. Holmes was previously Vicar of St. Luke's, Bournemouth.^[38]

Stoneham Rectory

The nineteenth century rectory, which stands on the opposite side of Stoneham lane, is a Grade II listed building.^[39] It is now part of an office complex for Mott MacDonald.

The former gateway to the rectory in Stoneham Lane is also listed, Grade II.^[40]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Mann, John Edgar (2002). Book of the Stonehams. Tiverton: Halsgrove. p. 41. ISBN 1-84114-213-1. 
2. ^ "North Stoneham". Hampshire Villages. Southern Life. http://www.southernlife.org.uk/nstonham.htm. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
3. ^ "North Stoneham Park: Introduction". North Stoneham Park. 2008-2009. http://www.northstoneham.org.uk/park/index.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "North Stoneham Church". Willis Fleming Historical Trust. 5 August 2009. http://www.willisfleming.org.uk/estates/hants_and_iow/North_Stoneham_Church. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Page, William (1908). "Parishes: North Stoneham". A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 3. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42034. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
6. ^ "Our Churches". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/churches.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
7. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} "North Stoneham Church: St Nicolas". North Stoneham Park. 2008-2009. http://www.northstoneham.org.uk/church/index.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
8. ^ ^{a b c} "St Nicholas, North Stoneham.". Hampshire Treasures: Volume 13 (Eastleigh). 2008-2009. https://www.hants.gov.uk/hampshiretreasures/vol13/page034.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
9. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "North Stoneham, Hampshire – St Nicholas Church". The Astoft Collection of Buildings of England. 2001–2004. http://www.astoft.co.uk/northstoneham.htm. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
10. ^ "Early photographs of North Stoneham Church". North Stoneham Park. 2008–2009. http://www.northstoneham.org.uk/church/earlyphotos.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
11. ^ ^{a b} Book of the Stonehams. p. 44. 
12. ^ ^{a b c} "English Heritage listing for the church". Images of England. English Heritage. 2007. http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/Details/Default.aspx?id=354948&mode=quick. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
13. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} "Parishes: North Stoneham". A History of the County of Hampshire: Volume 3. British History On-line. 1908. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42034. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
14. ^ ^{a b} "St. Nicolas Church Bells". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. 18 August 2008. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/stnicolasbells.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
15. ^ "North Stoneham: St Nicolas". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. 26 September 2006. http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?DoveID=NORTH%20STON. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
16. ^ "St Nicolas Parish Church: One hand clock". St. Nicholas Center. 2002-2009. http://www.stnicholascenter.org/galleries/gazetteer/467/6/. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
17. ^ ^{a b} Book of the Stonehams. p. 45. 
18. ^ "St. Nicholas, Stoneham Lane". National Pipe Organ Register. The British Institute of Organ Studies. 28 April 2008. http://www.npor.org.uk/cgi-bin/Rsearch.cgi?Fn=Rsearch&rec_index=T00488. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
19. ^ "St Nicolas Parish Church: Stained glass windows". St. Nicholas Center. 2002-2009. http://www.stnicholascenter.org/galleries/gazetteer/467/4/. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
20. ^ "St Nicolas". Hampshire Church Windows. http://www.hampshirechurchwindows.co.uk/showchurch.php?id=259. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
21. ^ "Eric Gill (1882-1940) Sculptor and Engraver". National Register of Archives. http://yourarchives.nationalarchives.gov.uk/index.php?title=Gill%2C_Eric_%281882-1940%29_Sculptor_and_Engraver. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
22. ^ "The Parish Magazine". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. August 2009. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/magazine.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
23. ^ "The Restoration of Stoneham War Shrine". North Stoneham Park. September 2009. http://www.northstoneham.org.uk/warshrine/index.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
24. ^ ^{a b} Harper, Charles G. (1930s). "St Giles Fair, Winchester". Famous Fairs and their Origins. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mossvalley/mv1/fairs.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
25. ^ "St Giles Hill in Winchester". City of Winchester. 1990. http://www.cityofwinchester.co.uk/parks/st_giles/st_giles.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
26. ^ "Hawke memorial". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/images/hawkes.jpg. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
27. ^ "Quiberon Bay 250". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/quiberonbay.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
28. ^ Lee, Bill (20 October 2009). "Remember Hearts of Oak on day". Bradford Telegraph and Argus. http://www.thetelegraphandargus.co.uk/community/communityexservicenotes/4692432.Remember_Hearts_of_Oak_on_day/. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
29. ^ Book of the Stonehams. p. 42. 
30. ^ "Monument to Thomas Fleming and his wife". Art & Architecture. The Courtauld Institute of Art. http://www.artandarchitecture.org.uk/images/full/533bda7b4d495d49612377b82b80293d3e0906a1.html?ixsid=JyqyiJ2NQjA. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
31. ^ "Monument to Thomas Fleming and his wife". Art & Architecture. The Courtauld Institute of Art. http://www.artandarchitecture.org.uk/images/full/487465f8ec0e87c8c5894dbc75ca2006f4f04296.html. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
32. ^ Adams, William Henry Davenport (1862). Nelsons' hand-book to the Isle of Wight. Oxford University. pp. 181–183. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1REHAAAAQAAJ. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
33. ^ "North Stoneham: St Nicolas, Southampton". A Church Near You. The Church of England. http://www.achurchnearyou.com/north-stoneham-st-nicolas/. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
34. ^ "Benefice of N Stoneham". A Church Near You. The Church of England. http://www.achurchnearyou.com/benefice.php?B=41/144%20T&V=7393. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
35. ^ "Clergy". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/whoswho.html#clergy. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
36. ^ "Licensing of Stephen Holmes". The Parish of North Stoneham and Bassett, Southampton. 21 December 2009. http://www.bassettparish.hampshire.org.uk/newsevents.html. Retrieved 16 January 2010. 
37. ^ "A new Motet for Southampton". Roger Steptoe. 1 October 2009. http://www.rogersteptoe.com/index.shtml. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
38. ^ "Reverend Stephen Holmes, M.Theol". St. Luke's, Bournemouth. 1 October 2009. http://www.stlukebournemouth.org.uk/stephen.htm. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
39. ^ "The Old Rectory, Stoneham Lane, Eastleigh, Hampshire". English Heritage. 16 September 2004. http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/Details/Default.aspx?id=354946&mode=quick. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 
40. ^ "Entrance Gateway To The Old Rectory, Stoneham Lane, Eastleigh, Hampshire". English Heritage. 17 June 2007. http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/Details/Default.aspx?id=354947&mode=quick. Retrieved 25 November 2009. 

External links

• St. Nicolas on Hampshire Churches website