Empress Xiaomucheng

Empress Xiaomucheng
Reign	Never reigned. Empress title bestowed posthumously.
Predecessor	Empress Xiaoherui
Successor	Empress Xiaoshencheng
Spouse	Daoguang Emperor
Posthumous name
Empress Xiaomuwenhouzhuangsuduanchengkehuikuanqinfutianyushengcheng (孝穆溫厚莊肅端誠恪惠寬欽孚天裕聖成皇后)
Died	1808 Forbidden City, Beijing, China
Burial	22 September 1827 Eastern Wing Tombs (1827–1835) Western Qing Tombs (1835–present)

Empress Xiaomucheng
Chinese	孝穆成皇后
Transcriptions Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin Xiàomùchéng Huánghòu
Lady Niuhuru
Traditional Chinese	鈕祜祿氏
Simplified Chinese	钮祜禄氏
Transcriptions Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin Nǐuhùlù Shì

Empress Xiaomucheng (died 17 February 1808) was the first consort of the Daoguang Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

Biography

Empress Xiaomucheng was of the Manchu Niuhuru clan, which was under the Bordered Yellow Banner of the Eight Banners.^[1] Her personal name is unknown. Lady Niuhuru's father was Buyandalai (布顏達賚), a Duke of the Third Order (三等公) who served as Minister of Revenue (戶部尚書). Her birth date is not found in historical records. She was first mentioned in 1796 when she married Mianning on December 22 that year.

Lady Niuhuru did not have any children. She died in 1808 and was interred in the Eastern Qing Tombs, Zunhua.

When Mianning ascended to the throne in 1820 as the Daoguang Emperor, he granted Lady Niuhuru the posthumous title of "Empress Xiaomu". In 1828 there was a leak in the Eastern Qing Tombs, resulting in flooding. In the following year, Lady Niuhuru's coffin was temporarily moved to the Baohua Ravine Hall (寶華峪正殿). In 1835 her coffin was to the Muling Mausoleum in the Western Qing Tombs, Hebei.

Posthumous title

Empress Xiaomucheng's full posthumous title is:

• Empress Xiaomuwenhouzhuangsuduanchengkehuikuanqinfutianyushengcheng
  (孝穆溫厚莊肅端誠恪惠寬欽孚天裕聖成皇后)

Notes

1. ^ The draft history of the Qing Dynasty 《清史稿 卷一百六十七 表七》 states that her family belonged to this banner.

References

• Draft history of the Qing dynasty, Consort files. 《清史稿》卷二百十四．列傳一．后妃傳．宣宗孝穆成皇后.
• Daily Life in the Forbidden City, Wan Yi, Wang Shuqing, Lu Yanzhen ISBN 0-670-81164-5
• http://www.royalark.net/China/manchu12.htm, about the Aisin Gioro familytree.

Succession

Empress Xiaomucheng House of Aisin-Gioro (1636-1912) Died: 1808
Chinese royalty
Preceded by Empress Xiaoherui	Empress of China Title bestowed posthumously	Succeeded by Empress Xiaoshencheng

Persondata
Name	Xiaomucheng, Empress
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death	1808
Place of death	Forbidden City, Beijing, China