Microbial electrosynthesis

Microbial electrosynthesis is a form of microbial electrocatalysis in which electrons are supplied to living microorganisms via a cathode in an electrochemical cell by applying an electric current. The electrons are then used by the microorganisms to reduce carbon dioxide to yield industrially relevant products. The electric current would ideally be produced by a renewable source of power.^[1] This process is the opposite to that employed in a microbial fuel cell, in which microorganisms transfer electrons from the oxidation of compounds to an anode to generate an electric current.

Comparison to microbial electrolysis cells

Microbial electrosynthesis is related to microbial electrolysis cells (MEC). Both use the interactions of microorganisms with a cathode to reduce chemical compounds, but differ in the source of power for this process. In microbial electrosynthesis electrons are supplied solely by the external electrical power source. In MECs, and electrical power source is used to augment the electrical potential produced by the microorganisms consuming a source of chemical energy such as acetic acid. The combined potential provided by the power source and the microorganisms is then sufficient to for example reduce hydrogen ions to molecular hydrogen.^[2]

Applications

Microbial electrosynthesis may be used to produce fuel from carbon dioxide using electrical energy generated by either traditional power stations or renewable electricity generation. It may also be used to produce speciality chemicals such as drug precursors through microbially assisted electrocatalysis.^[3]

See also

• Glossary of fuel cell terms
• Electrohydrogenesis
• Electromethanogenesis
• Microbial fuel cell

References

1. ^ Microbial Electrosynthesis: Feeding Microbes Electricity To Convert Carbon Dioxide and Water to Multicarbon Extracellular Organic Compounds
2. ^ Microbial Electrolysis Cell - Turning Bacteria Into Hydogen Machines
3. ^ Microbial electrosynthesis — revisiting the electrical route for microbial production : Abstract : Nature Reviews Microbiology