Mars 2MV-3 No.1

"Sputnik 24" redirects here. For the spacecraft identified as Sputnik 24 before the USNSC revised its naming of Soviet spacecraft, see Venera 2MV-1 No.2

Mars 2MV-3 No.1

Major contractors	OKB-1
Bus	Mars 2MV-3
Mission type	Mars lander
Launch date	4 November 1962 15:35:15 UTC
Carrier rocket	Molniya 8K78 s/n T103-17
Launch site	Baikonur Site 1/5
Orbital decay	25 November 1962
COSPAR ID	1962 Beta Xi 1
Mass	890 kilograms (2,000 lb)
Orbital elements
Regime	Low Earth (achieved) Heliocentric (intended)

Mars 2MV-3 No.1^[1][2] also known as Sputnik 24 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Mars programme, and was intended to land on the surface of Mars.^[3][4] Due to a problem with the rocket which launched it, it did not depart low Earth orbit,^[5] and it decayed several days later. It was the only Mars 2MV-3 spacecraft to be launched.^[2]

The 890-kilogram (2,000 lb) Mars 2MV-3 No.1 spacecraft was launched at 15:35:15 UTC on 4 November 1962, atop a Molniya 8K78 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.^[1] About 260 seconds into the flight the oxidiser pressurisation system malfunctioned, resulting in cavitation within the feed lines and turbopump. The same problem developed in the propellant feed lines thirty two seconds later.^[6] Although the lower stages of the rocket were still able to place the upper stage and payload into a low Earth orbit, vibrations caused by either the cavitation problem, or a separate problem with the next stage, caused a fuse to become dislodged in the electrical system controlling the upper stage engine. This prevented the Blok L upper stage igniting, leaving the spacecraft in its parking orbit. It decayed from orbit the next day, however some debris remained in orbit until 27 December, and the upper stage ullage motor platform remained in orbit until 19 January 1963.^[7]

The designations Sputnik 31, and later Sputnik 24, were used by the United States Naval Space Command to identify the spacecraft in its Satellite Situation Summary documents, since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time, and had not assigned it an official name due to its failure to depart geocentric orbit.^[3][8]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. http://planet4589.org/space/log/launchlog.txt. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Krebs, Gunter. "Mars (2a) (2MV-3 #1)". Gunter's Space Page. http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/mars-2mv-3.htm. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
3. ^ ^{a b} Zak, Anatoly. "Russia's unmanned missions to Mars". RussianSpaceWeb. http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spacecraft_planetary_mars.html. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
4. ^ Wade, Mark. "Mars 2MV-3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/craft/mars2mv3.htm. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
5. ^ Wade, Mark. "Mars". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/project/mars.htm. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
6. ^ Wade, Mark. "Soyuz". Encyclopedia Astronautica. http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/soyuz.htm. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
7. ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. http://planet4589.org/space/log/satcat.txt. Retrieved 29 July 2010. 
8. ^ Mihos, Chris (11 January 2006). "Soviet Craft - Mars". Case Western Reserve University. http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/advanced/20th_soviet_mars.html. Retrieved 29 July 2010.