Duke Ernest Gottlob of Mecklenburg

Duke Ernest Gottlob
House	House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Father	Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Prince of Mirow
Mother	Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Born	27 August 1742(1742-08-27) Mirow, Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Died	27 January 1814(1814-01-27) (aged 71)

Duke Ernest Gottlob Albert of Mecklenburg (27 August 1742 – 27 January 1814) was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. As a son of Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Ernest was an elder brother of Queen Charlotte of the United Kingdom, who married George III in 1761. Ernest followed his sister to England, where he unsuccessfully pursued marriage with the country's largest heiress, Mary Eleanor Bowes. Enormous debt would later lead Ernest to attempt another marriage with a princess from the House of Holstein-Gottorp, but was persuaded not to by Charlotte. Ernest eventually became the military governor of Celle in the Electorate of Hanover, of which his brother-in-law George III was the head.

Life

Ernest (left) with his brother Charles, sister Charlotte, and her three eldest children; painted by Johann Zoffany, c. 1771–72.^[1]

Ernest Gottlob Albert was the seventh child and third son of Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and his wife Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Ernest's younger sister Charlotte married George III of the United Kingdom in 1761, and Ernest followed her to London. Ernest was described by novelist Sarah Scott as a "very pretty sort of man, with an agreeable person."^[2] In March 1762 Ernest was said, according to Scott, to have "fallen desperately in love with" Mary Eleanor Bowes,^[2] the richest heiress in Britain and possibly the richest in Europe.^[3] Scott speculated that were the marriage to take place, Ernest would become even richer than his elder brother Adolphus Frederick IV, Duke of Mecklenburg. However, King George III disallowed the marriage, as he disapproved of his brother-in-law marrying someone not of royal blood.^[2] Charlotte Papendiek, Queen Charlotte's wardrobe keeper, wrote many years later that the match would "have made him a Prince indeed; but as he was a younger brother, it might have disturbed the harmony of the house of Mecklenburg-Strelitz."^[4][5] Ernest does not appear in Mary's letters, and it does not seem likely that his affection was reciprocated.^[6]

In late 1768 at Queen's House (now Buckingham Palace), Ernest was inoculated alongside his nephew Prince William (the future King William IV) against smallpox.^[7] Ernest served as a sponsor and namesake for his nephew Prince Ernest Augustus.^[8] Charlotte remained close to all of her German relatives.^[9] Like his brother Charles, Ernest benefited from Charlotte's marriage and gained promotion within the Hanoverian army, of which George III was the head.^[10] Ernest eventually became the military governor of Celle, in Hanover, where he welcomed George III's exiled sister Queen Caroline Matilda upon the end of her marriage to Christian VII of Denmark.^[9][11][12]

In 1782 Ernest attempted to enter into a marriage with a princess from the House of Holstein-Gottorp in an effort to pay his numerous debts. However, both the fact that he was a third son and the uncle of an heir limited his appeal to potential dynastic alliances. Charlotte advised her brother to drop the match, as the dowry of the princess in question would not be enough to settle his debts; further, neither she nor her husband would be able to help with his finances. She hoped that Christian VII of Denmark would provide a large dowry, as the princess was a member of his house, but concluded that no one would blame Ernest if he stopped pursing the marriage. This frank advice was later praised by their brother Charles,^[13] and Ernest never married.^[10]

Titles, styles, honours, and arms

Titles and styles

• 27 August 1742 – 27 January 1814: His Serene Highness Duke Ernest of Mecklenburg

Honours

• Order of the White Eagle of Poland^[14]

Ancestry

Sources

References

1. ^ "Queen Charlotte with her children and brothers". Royal Collection. http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/microsites/theconversationpiece/MicroObject.asp?item=4&themeid=920&object=401004&row=3&detail=about. Retrieved 29 August 2011. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} Moore, p. 38.
3. ^ Moore, p. 30.
4. ^ Papendick, p. 75.
5. ^ Moore, pp. 38–39.
6. ^ Moore, p. 39.
7. ^ Papendick, p. 41.
8. ^ Urban, p. 85.
9. ^ ^{a b} Black, p. 312.
10. ^ ^{a b} Campbell Orr, p. 369.
11. ^ Campbell Orr, p. 381.
12. ^ Wilkins, pp. 229, 242-243, 245.
13. ^ Campbell Orr, p. 376.
14. ^ Evans, Mark L. (1990). The Royal Collection: paintings from Windsor Castle. National Museums and Galleries of Wales. ISBN 072000344X. 

Bibliography

• Black, Jeremy (2006). George III: America's Last King. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300117329. http://books.google.com/books?id=GZhutb8_0N4C&pg=PA312&dq=ernst+mecklenburg+hanover+queen+charlotte&hl=en&ei=TsdmTvquMObd0QGQ7tDXCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwADgo#v=snippet&q=ernest&f=false. 
• Campbell Orr, Clarissa (2004). "Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Queen of Great Britain and Electress of Hanover: Northern Dynasties and the Northern Republic of Letters". In Campbell Orr, Clarissa. Queenship in Europe 1660-1815: The Role of the Consort. Cambridge University Press. pp. 368–402. ISBN 0521814227. 
• Moore, Wendy (2009). Wedlock: The True Story of the Disastrous Marriage and Remarkable Divorce of Mary Eleanor Bowes, Countess of Strathmore. New York: Three Rivers Press. 
• Papendiek, Charlotte (1887). Court and private life in the time of Queen Charlotte: Being the Journals of Mrs. Papendiek, Assistant Keeper of the Wardrobe and Reader to Her Majesty, Volume 1. London: Spottiswoode and Co. ISBN 1143962087. http://books.google.com/books?id=aewLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA75. 
• Urban, Sylvanus (1852). The gentleman's magazine, Volume 37. London: J.B. Nichols and Son. http://books.google.com/books?id=U1RIAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA85&dq=ernst+mecklenburg+hanover+queen+charlotte&hl=en&ei=ccRmTo2ZFsb2gAfEqay7Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q&f=false. 
• Wilkins, William Henry (1904). A queen of tears: Caroline Matilda, queen of Denmark and Norway and Princess of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 2. London: Longmans Green and Co. ISBN 1153938383. http://books.google.com/books?id=fq0XAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA229&dq=ernst+mecklenburg+hanover+queen+charlotte&hl=en&ei=X79mToP0DILPgAf93riJCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=ernest&f=false.