- Nunivak Cup'ig language
-
Nunivak Cup'ig language Cugtun Spoken in United States Region Central Alaska, Nunivak Island Language family Eskimo–Aleut- Eskimo
- Yupik
- Central Alaskan Yup'ik
- Nunivak Cup'ig language
- Central Alaskan Yup'ik
- Yupik
Writing system Latin Language codes ISO 639-3 – Linguist List esu-nun Nunivak Cup'ig or just Cup'ig (own name Cugtun) is a language or separate[1] dialect of Central Alaskan Yup'ik spoken in Central Alaska at the Nunivak Island by Nunivak Cup'ig people (own name Cup'it or Nuniwarmiut). The letter "c" on the Yup’ik alphabet is equivalent on the English alphabet "ch".
The Central Alaskan Yupik who live on Nunivak Island (Nuniwar in Nunivak Cup'ig, Nunivaaq in Central Yup'ik) call themselves Cup'ig (plural Cup'it). Those who live in the village of Chevak call themselves Cup'ik (plural Cup'it). The name Cup'ig (with g) used for Nunivak Island Yup'ik dialect. But, the name Cup'ik (with k) used for Hooper Bay-Chevak Yup'ik dialect.
The Cup'ig dialect is threatened. This fact was documented by Dr. Michael E. Krauss of the Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska and is illustrated on the map. At that time (1975) Krauss indicated, "Some of the children speak the language".[2] Krauss documented continued decline and downgraded the status to "Very few or none of the children speak the language"[3] in 1982.
Today Cup'ig is spoken by elders in the village of Mekoryuk.[4]
Contents
Classification
Central Alaskan Yup'ik-speaking areas
- Central Alaskan Yup'ik language
- Norton Sound dialect is spoken Norton Sound region. Themselves Yup’ik
- Unaliq subdialect by spoken Unalirmiut (= Atnegmiut, Kuuyuŋmiut, Eŋlutaleġmiut etc.) tribes.
- Kotlik subdialect by spoken Pastulirmiut tribe
- General Central Yup’ik dialect or Yugtun is spoken in Nelson Island, the Yukon, the Bristol Bay regions, and Kuskokwim. Themselves Yup’ik (Yukon) or Yupiaq (Kuskokwim).
- Egegik Yupik is spoken Egegik. Themselves Yup’ik
- Hooper Bay-Chevak Cup’ik is spoken Hooper Bay and Chevak areas. Themselves Cup’ik
- Nunivak Cup'ig language or dialect is spoken Nunivak Island. Themselves Cup’ig
- Norton Sound dialect is spoken Norton Sound region. Themselves Yup’ik
The comparison of number names in the three dialects
Yukon-Kuskokwim
Yup’ik [5][6][7]Hooper Bay-Chevak
Cup’ik [8]Nunivak
Cup’ig [9]Meaning atauciq atauciq ataucir 1 malruk malruk malzrug 2 pingayun pingayun pingayun 3 cetaman citaman cetaman 4 talliman talliman talliman 5 arvinglegen / arvinelgen arvinelgen arwinleg 6 malrunlegen / malrunelgen malrunelgen malzrunleg 7 pingayunlegen / pingayunelgen pingayunelgen pingayunleg 8 qulngunritaraan qulngunritaraq qulngunrita’ar 9 qula / qulen qula qula 10 qula atauciq qula atauciq qula-ataucir 11 qula malruk qula malruk qula-malzrug 12 qula pingayun qula pingayun qula-pingayun 13 akimiarunrita’ar akimiarunritaraq akimiarunrita’ar 14 akimiaq akimiaq akimiar 15 akimiaq atauciq akimiaq atauciq akimiar ataucir 16 akimiaq malruk akimiaq malruk akimiar malzrug 17 akimiaq pingayun akimiaq pingayun akimiar pingayun 18 yuinaunrita’ar cuinaunritaraq cuinaunrita’ar 19 yuinaq cuinaq cuinar 20 yuinaq qula / yuinaq qulen cuinaq qula cuinar-qula 30 yuinaak malruk / malruk ipiaq (Yukon) malruk ipiaq malzrug-ipiar 40 yuinaak malruk qula malruk ipiaq qula . 50 yuinaat pingayun / pingayun ipiaq pingayun ipiaq pingayun ipiar 60 yuinaat pingayun qula pingayun ipiaq qula . 70 yuinaat cetaman citaman ipiaq cetaman-ipiar 80 yuinaat cetaman qula citaman ipiaq qula talliman ipiar qula 90 yuinaat talliman talliman ipiaq talliman ipiar 100 tiissitsaaq tiititsaaq / tiissitsaaq tiisiss'ar 1.000 qulen tiissitsaat . . 10.000 yuinaat talliman tiissitsaaq . . 100.000 miilicaaq . . 1.000.000 tiissitsaaq miilicaaq . . 1.000.000.000 Grammatical numbers
The grammatical numbers:
singular dual plural meaning qusngir qusngig qusngit reindeer iqalluyagar iqalluyagag iqalluyagat Dolly Varden qay'ar qay'ag qay'at / qass'it kayak tuutangayag tuutangayiigeg tuutangayit Canada goose alpa alpag alpat murre qimugta qimugteg qimugtet dog Education
The Cup'ig people's school only Lower Kuskokwim School District, Nuniwarmiut School PK-12 in the village of Mekoryuk. English and Cup’ig bilingual education with 32 students [10] is done at this school.
Example phrases
A Nunivak Cup'ig man with raven maskette. The raven (Cup'ig tulukarug) is Ellam Cua or Creator god in the Cup’ig mythology- Cangacit? - How are you?
- Canritua - I am fine
- Unuakukegci - Good morning
- Agayunerpakegcikici - Have a very Merry Christmas
- Allrakularakegciluci-llu - And have a Happy New Year
- Taqukat, maklit neqkanka - Seals, bearded seals is my food
- Quyana - Thanks
- Quyana niicugnillua - Thank you for listening to me.
- Quyana naqluki allnganka - Thank you for reading what I wrote.
Russian loanwords
The Russian loanwords used in Nunivak Cup’ig date from the period of the Russian America (1733–1867).
- caarralar (< Rus. сахар) 'sugar'
- caayu (< Rus. чай) 'tea'
- cainig (< Rus. чайник) 'tea kettle'
- cap’akir ( < Rus. сапоги) 'shoe'
- cass’ar (< Rus. часы) 'clock'
- culunar (?< Rus. солонина 'salted meat') 'salted fish'
- kelipar (< Rus. хлеб) 'bread'
- maslar (< Rus. масло) 'butter; margarine'
- miss’ug (< Rus. мешок) 'burlap bag'
- mulut’ug (< Rus. молоток) 'hammer'
- paltug (< Rus. пальто) 'coat; jacket'
- pelatekar (< Rus. палатка) 'tent'
- putuskar (< Rus. подушка) 'pillow'
- tiisiss’ar (< Rus. тысяча) 'thousand; one thousand dollars'
- yaassig : (< Rus. ящик) 'box; cardboard box'
See also
References
- ^ Steven A. Jacobson (2006), The participial oblique, a verb mood found only in Nunivak Central Alaskan Yup'ik and in Siberian Yupik, ÉTUDES/INUIT/STUDIES, 2006, 30(1): 135-156 (= Nunivak Island has the most divergent dialect of Central Alaskan Yup'ik Eskimo, the language of southwestern Alaska)
- ^ Krauss, Michael E. (1975). Native peoples and languages of Alaska. [Map]. Fairbanks, AK: Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska.
- ^ Krauss, Michael E. (1982). Native peoples and languages of Alaska. [Map]. Fairbanks, AK: Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska.
- ^ Lower Kuskokwim School District
- ^ Jerry Lipka, Culturally Negotiated Schooling: Toward a Yup’ik Mathematics
- ^ How to count in Yup’ik
- ^ Yup’ik Eskimo Grammar, Irene Reed and all.(1977)
- ^ On the Facebook: Cup'ik Word Of The Day - Chevak by Rebecca Nayamin (Kashunamiut School Cup’ik Language Teacher)
- ^ Nuniwarmiut Piciryarata Tamaryalkuti, Nunivak Island Cup'ig Language Preliminary Dictionary
- ^ Mekoryuk Schools
External links
- Nuniwarmiut Piciryarata Tamaryalkuti : Nunivak Island Cup'ig Language Preliminary Dictionary
- http://www.jstor.org/pss/40316565 Griffin, Dennis, A history of human settlement on Nunivak Island, Alaska: Insights from recent investigations at Nash Harbor village.
Eskimo-Aleut languages and dialects Italics indicate extinct languagesAleut Inuit* Greenlandic Tunumiit, InuktunInuinnaqtun Inuktitut Nunatsiavummiutut, InuttitutInupiaq Inuvialuktun Kangiryuarmiutun, Natsilik, Utkuhiksalik, SiglitunYupik Alutiiq Central Alaskan Yugtun, Nunivak Cup'ig, Chevak Cup’ikNaukan Sirenik** See also; Proto-Eskimo, Proto-Eskimo-Aleut, Inuktitut writing*The Inuit language 'family' is a continuum of dialects, but while people can understand the dialects closest to them, it becomes harder the further away they are.**Some linguists classify Sirenik as under a separate Eskimo branch, and not under Yupik.Categories:- Languages with Linglist but no iso3 codes
- Languages of the United States
- Yupik languages
- Endangered languages
- Eskimo
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