Computer Programs Directive

European Union directive:
Directive 91/250/EEC
Directive on the legal protection of computer programs
Made by	European Council
Made under	Art. 100a
Journal reference	L122, 1991-05-17, pp. 9–13
History
Made	14 May 1991
Came into force	17 May 1991
Implementation date	1 January 1993
Preparative texts
Commission proposal	C91, 1989-04-12, p. 4 C320, 1990-12-20, p. 22
EESC opinion	C329, 1989-12-30, p. 4
EP opinion	C231, 1990-09-17, p. 78
Reports
Other legislation
Replaces	—
Amends	—
Amended by	93/98/EEC
Replaced by	Directive 2009/24/EC
Status: Unknown

NOTE: Council Directive 91/250/EEC has been replaced by Directive 2009/24/EC

Council Directive 91/250/EEC of 14 May 1991 on the legal protection of computer programs is a European Union directive in the field of copyright law, made under the internal market provisions of the Treaty of Rome. It requires (Art. 1) that computer programs and any associated design material be protected under copyright as literary works within the sense of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.^[1]

The Directive also defines the copyright protection to be applied to computer programs: the owner of the copyright has the exclusive right to authorize (Art 4):

• the temporary or permanent copying of the program, including any copying which may be necessary to load, view or run the program;
• the translation, adaptation or other alteration to the program;
• the distribution of the program to the public by any means, including rental, subject to the first-sale doctrine.

However, these rights are subject to certain limitations (Art. 5). The legal owner of a program is assumed to have a licence to create any copies necessary to use the program and to alter the program within its intended purpose (e.g. for error correction). The lawful may also make a back-up copy for his or her personal use. The program may also be decompiled if this is necessary to ensure its operates with another program or device (Art. 6), but the results of the decompilation may not be used for any other purpose without infringing the copyright in the program.

The duration of the copyright was originally fixed at the life of the author plus fifty years (Art. 8), in accordance with the Berne Convention standard for literary works (Art. 7.1 Berne Convention). This has since been prolonged to the life of the author plus seventy years by the Directive harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights.^[2]

Council Directive 91/250/EEC will formally be replaced by the Directive 2009/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the legal protection of computer programs on May 25, 2009, ^[3] which consolidates the various minor amendments the original directive has received over the years".^[4]

Implementation

Implementation of the Directive by Member States
	Austria	Urheberrechtsgesetznovelle 1993, BGBl. No. 93/1993, p. 1166
	Belgium	Law of 30.06.1994 (French), Law of 30.06.1994 (Dutch), Moniteur Belge du 17 juillet 1994, p. 19315
	Bulgaria	unknown
	Cyprus	unknown
	Czech Republic	Law No. 121/2000 Coll. of 7 April 2000 on Copyright, Rights Related to Copyright and on the Amendment of Certain Laws
	Denmark	Lov No. 1010
	Estonia	unknown
	Finland	Laws Nos. 418/93 and 419/93, Finnish Official Journal of 1993-05-12, p. 415
	France	Loi no. 94-361 du 10 mai 1994, JORF du 11 mai 1994, p. 6863
	Germany	Zweites Gesetz zur Änderung des Urheberrechtsgesetzes vom 9. Juni 1993, BGBl I p. 910
	Greece	Law No. 2121/93, Official Journal A No. 25
	Hungary	unknown
	Ireland	European Communities (Legal Protection of Computer Programs) Regulations, 1993 (S.I. No. 26 of 1993)
	Italy	Decreto Legislativo No. 518 del 29 dicembre 1992
	Latvia	Autortiesību likums (2000-04-06)
	Lithuania	Autorių teisių ir gretutinių teisių įstatimas N. VIII-1185 (1999-05-18)
	Luxembourg	Loi du 24 avril 1995 modifiant la loi du 29 mars 1972 sur le droit d'auteur en ce qui concerne la protection juridique des programmes d'ordinateur, Mémorial, p. 944
	Malta	Copyright Act, 2000
	Netherlands	Wet van 07.07.1994, Stb. JS-1994, p. 521
	Poland	Ustawa z 04.02.1994 o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych, art. 74-77, Dz.U. 1994 nr 24 poz. 83
	Portugal	Decreto-Lei n. 252/94, de 20 de Outubro de 1994, Diário da República - I Série A, no. 243 de 20 de Octubro de 1994, p. 6374
	Romania	unknown
	Slovakia	Copyright Act of 1997-12-05 (No. 383/1997)
	Slovenia	Zakon o avtorskih in sorodnih pravicah (1995-03-30)
	Spain	Ley 16/1993, de 23 de diciembre, de incorporación al Derecho español de la Directiva 91/250/CEE, de 14 de mayo, sobre la protección jurídica de programas de ordenador
	Sweden	Act No. 1687/92
	United Kingdom	Copyright (Computer Programs) Regulations 1992 No. 3233

See also

• Copyright law of the European Union
• Software copyright

References

1. ^ Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
2. ^ Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights, OJ no. L290 of 1993-11-24, p. 9.
3. ^ Articles 10 and 11 of the Directive 2009/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the legal protection of computer programs, L 111/16 EN, Official Journal of the European Union, 5.5.2009.
4. ^ Jeremy Phillips, Tuesday tiddleywinks, IPKat, 5 May 2009. Consulted on 5 May 2009.

External links

• Original text of the directive
• Consolidated version of the directive
• Report from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee on the implementation and effects of directive 91/250/EEC on the legal protection of computer programs, 10 April 2000.