Clifton Hill, Niagara Falls

Clifton Hill is one of the major tourist promenades in Niagara Falls, Ontario. The street, close in proximity to Niagara Falls and the Niagara River, leads from River Road on the Niagara Parkway to intersect with Victoria Avenue. The street contains a number of gift shops, wax museums, haunted houses, restaurants, hotels and themed attractions. For visitors, particularly families and teenagers, it is a major amusement area and centre for night life.

The corner of Clifton Hill and Falls Avenue at night - May 1, 2006 (note: Circus World and Marvel Superhero Adventure City are no longer operating)

Same corner on a busy spring day - March 22, 2005 (note: WWE Niagara Falls is no longer operating)

Over the years the various properties on the hill have been bought, sold and renamed frequently. Currently the street is divided between two primary property owners, the Harry Oakes Company (HOCO) and the Niagara Clifton Group.^{[citation needed]}

Attractions

Prominent attractions on the street include Ripley's Believe It or Not! and 4D Moving Theatre, the Guinness World Records Museum, the Niagara SkyWheel Ferris wheel, and the nearby Louis Tussaud's Waxworks. Tussaud's has long been a staple of the area, and a model of tight-rope walker Charles Blondin that formerly hung above Clifton Hill and has since been moved to Victoria Ave is a common long-time landmark.

Wax museums

The first wax museum in Niagara Falls was the Louis Tussaud's Waxworks, which opened in 1949. It was the first of many wax museums to come. Its location on the Hill closed in September 2000 when its lease ran out, and it has since reopened just above the hill on Victoria Avenue.

Another wax museum, Movieland Wax Museum of the Stars, showcases many famous celebrities from movies, music, and television. At the end of the museum there is a hall of horrors and a wax hand studio. Within the past few years, the museum has relocated to a larger location close to the bottom of the hill that used to be the location of the now closed "Circus World". Also, just off of Clifton Hill on Victoria Ave, there is the Criminals Hall of Fame wax museum showcasing many well known criminals, terrorists and bandits. It even features some famous horror movie figures. There is also the Rock Legends Wax Museum featuring many musical icons from the 20th and 21st centuries.

Each of these museums have their own interactive areas where you can pose with figures, appear to get electrocuted in an electric chair (this option is available at Louis Tussauds and the Criminals Hall of Fame), or have your hands sculpted with wax (Movieland). There is also a wax hand studio located at the end of the Ripley's Believe It or Not! Museum.

Miniature golf courses

Galaxy Golf is an indoor, 18-hole, glow in the dark mini golf course located directly next to Ripley's Believe It or Not!. There is a putt-putt golf course located in Adventure City in addition to Dinosaur Park mini Golf; an outdoor golf course with statues of dinosaurs.

Haunted houses

There are five haunted houses on and around Clifton Hill: The House of Frankenstein, Dracula's Haunted Castle, and The Haunted House are on Clifton Hill, Screamers House of Horrors and Nightmares Fear Factory are along Victoria Avenue.

Restaurants

There are many restaurants on or nearby the hill. Notably, these restaurants include: Kelsey's, Ruby Tuesday, Dairy Queen, Wendy's, Burger King, Tim Hortons, Montana's Cookhouse, Boston Pizza (the biggest of all the Boston Pizza locations in Canada), Rainforest Cafe, Mama Mia's, Hard Rock Cafe Niagara, Planet Hollywood, and a Pizza Pizza Restaurant. At one point there was a Wolfgang Puck that has closed in recent years.

Arcades

There are three prominent arcades on Clifton Hill. The largest arcade on Clifton Hill is called The Great Canadian Midway.

It has hundreds of video games where players can redeem earned tickets for prizes at the ticket counter. In this arcade complex, there is an FX roller coaster simulator and a Ghost Blasters ride where the object is to shoot lasers at ghosts. The Boston Pizza and Great Canadian Midway both are connected to the Strike! Rock and Bowl (established in 2009), an arcade with a rock n' roll themed 10-pin bowling alley. This used to be the Sports Zone; which was an adult bar/arcade. Across from the Great Canadian Midway is an arcade called Adventure City. This is attached to the Rain Forest Cafe. Inside the attraction is a motion ride which is similar to Ghostblasters, a black light go-kart shooting game, a play area for kids, a putt-putt golf and video games. Adventure City used to be called Marvel Superhero Adventure City, but it lost the rights to Marvel and was forced to change its name, remove the animatronic Spider-Man and Green Goblin figures from the front entrance, and change all the Marvel themed ride names.

Also new to 2009 is a three-floor Dave & Buster's arcade and restaurant that is located across from the Niagara Skywheel.

Clifton Hill.

Other attractions

A fun house is located lower on the hill, next to a Ruby Tuesdays restaurant. Fantasy Fudge Shop moved up the hill on the other side to their own building, right next to the Midway. A variety of gourmet fudges are offered here. On Falls Avenue, the street bordering the Falls walkways, includes a Hershey's store and a Coca Cola store.

Changes in rides and attractions

Through the years, the attractions on Clifton Hill have changed frequently. Brick City, a Lego associated attraction, is in the building of the former Adventure Dome, an IMAX presentation. The Great Canadian Midway used to be called Dazzleland, and was much smaller and outdoors. The Niagara SkyWheel took the place of the lobby and Golden Griddle restaurant of Quality Inn Clifton Hill. Sadly the Quality Inn was torn down within a few years of the Golden Griddle, for reasons currently unknown. The restaurant moved onto Victoria Avenue, but has new owners. The current location of the Galaxy Golf and the neighbouring gift shop used to be the home of Movieland Wax Museum, until the museum relocated to the bottom of the hill for more space. Another location is farther out on Lundy's Lane. Adventure City used to be known as Marvel Superhero Adventure City. The owners lost the ability to use Marvel logos and characters, as noted above, thus the more generic name. Most recently, WWE Niagara Falls closed at the end of March 2011. The Pile Driver ride (above the store) still is standing but not in use, and the former store space stands now as a collectible shop, they sell some WWE figures and shirts and that is it. A trip to Clifton Hill does not require too much planning, because the attractions are all side to side. This area has become a major tourist attraction, mainly in the summer months, because of all the new additions to it.

Throughout the years, there had always been a delicate balance between preservation of the waterway in its natural state and commercial development or access. While this area is in a constant state of change, some had viewed the recent development of tourist attractions on the Clifton Hill area as an uncharacteristic distraction from the natural serenity of the Niagara Falls region and viewed them as “cheesy.”

Early history: Ogden Creighton

The land where Clifton Hill now occupies was acquired by the Phillip Bender family in 1782 as part of a United Empire Loyalist land grant. In 1832 the property was purchased by British Army officer Captain Ogden Creighton, a half-pay officer who had served in the 70th and 81st Regiments and had served in the Far East. Creighton laid out streets and building lots on the land, naming the future settlement Clifton, presumably after Clifton on the gorge of the River Avon in Bristol, England. The officer built his residence, Clifton Cottage, on the edge of a high bank facing the American Falls (where the present-day Quality Inn is located).

Creighton was involved in suppressing the uprising of the Rebellion of 1837. Following a clash between William Lyon Mackenzie and an Upper Canada government militia north of Toronto, the rebel leader took his forces to Navy Island on the Niagara River to form a provisional government. In mid-January 1838 Mackenzie and his followers evacuated the island. At the time Clifton Cottage became the headquarters for a military detachment assigned to guard the border ferry. The Creighton family left the Niagara area in the early 1840s, moving to Toronto and later Brantford, Ontario. Captain Creighton died around 1850.

Early development

The street now called Clifton Hill was then Ferry Road, named due to its proximity to the rowboat transportation system that ferried people across the Niagara River between Canada and the USA prior to the completion of the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge. Ferry Road provided access to the Niagara Gorge where the boats docked.

In 1833 the first Clifton Hotel was built at the base of the street by Harmanus Crysler. Following in 1842, financier Samuel Zimmerman created a 52-acre (210,000 m²) estate property along the south side of the road. Dubbed Clifton Place, Zimmerman planned to create many gardens, large fountains and a mansion that was to be his residence. The estate occupied the entire south side of what is now Clifton Hill, bounded by the Niagara River, Murray Hill and Ferry Road. Among the buildings constructed were four large gatehouses (the last was completed in 1856) and a $18,000 stable constructed of imported English yellow brick. In addition a fountain was created in the centre of the property.

Zimmerman was killed on March 12th, 1857 in the Desjardins Canal railway accident. He only lived to see the foundation for his $175,000 "Clifton Place" mansion built. Only the fountain remains to this day, located at the northern end of Queen Victoria Park.

The Zimmerman estate was taken over by the Bank of Upper Canada, which went bankrupt in 1866. The estate was put up for sale and purchased by US senator John T. Bush of Buffalo, New York for 25 cents on the dollar. Bush acquired Clifton House, the adjoining properties, and went on to complete the lavish Clifton Place mansion. Bush and his family lived in the building for the next 50 years, with his daughter Josephine residing there until 1927. In 1928 the Bush estate was sold to Harry Oakes of Welland Securities.

The first Clifton Hotel was destroyed by fire in 1898, and the ruins laid untouched until 1905, when the second Clifton House and Lafayette Hotel was built. Another fire broke out at the Clifton on December 31, 1932, and was again a total loss.

Harry Oakes bought this property and deeded it to the Niagara Parks Commission, which built Oakes Garden Theatre, opening in September 1937.

The 1920s saw considerable growth in the area as a tourist destination. In 1925 Howard Fox opened the Foxhead Inn on Clifton Hill at Falls Avenue. On the north side of the hill the Niagara Falls Tourist Camp was opened by Charles Burland. Earl McIntosh opened two campgrounds, the Clifton Touring Camp on the south side of the street and Clifton Camp to the north. Reinhart's Riverhurst Inn was built between the Niagara Falls Tourist Camp and the Foxhead Inn.

In the 1950s the land on the south side of the street was offered to the Government of the United States as a site for a new American Consulate however the offer was never acted upon and the land was later sold. Two hotels still in operation today opened in the 1950s: The Park Motor Hotel and the Quality Inn Fallsway Hotel.

Beginning in the 1960s, Clifton Hill began to see various museums built, including the Houdini Hall Of Fame, Ripley's Believe It Or Not, Hollywood Wax Museum, House Of Frankenstein and Guinness World Records museum.

External links

• Clifton Hill - Niagara Falls, Official website
• Google Maps satellite view
• Approximate location of the original estate, with historic photos
• Digital Images Niagara Falls Public Library (Ont.)

Coordinates: 43°05′28″N 79°04′28″W / 43.091245°N 79.074472°W / 43.091245; -79.074472